BACKGROUND:Critical limb ischemia is difficult to be treated among the peripheral arterial occlusive diseases, and the application of transplanting autologous stem cells can bring a hope for the treatment of this disease.
OBJECTIVE: To review the autologous stem cells transplantation in the treatment of critical limb ischemia at present, and to study the mechanism and the existing problems.
METHODS:A computer retrieval of PubMed database, Wanfang database, and CNKI database was conducted to search the related articles with the keywords of“stem cell, transplant, critical limb ischemia”in English and Chinese. Final y, 47 articles were included in final analysis according to the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Autologous stem cells transplantation for treatment of lower extremity ischemic disease is a latest and significantly effective treatment, but the mechanism is unclear and stil needs further study.

Thirty cases of rheumatoid arthritis were treated by the needle-warming method on bilateral Shenshu (BL 23), Zusanli (ST 36) and Quchi (LI 11), in combination with oral administration of Chinese herbal drugs, and 30 cases were treated by routine western medications for comparison.After treatment for three months, the effective rate was respectively 86.7% and 60.0% in the two groups and the difference of the therapeutic effect was statistically significant (P＜0.05).

The quality management of drug research,development,registration,production and marketing strengthened by good practice for pharmaceuticals ensure the drag safety,effectiveness and quality control.Teaching of new drug research and evaluation in compliance with good practice for pharmaceuticals will be of value in making teaching content close to actual work,extending the students'knowledge and training student's good habits in scientific study.

Objective To investigated the neuroprotective effect of PTEN inhibitor BPV on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and its mechanism. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used to induce a reperfusion model of middle cerebral artery occlusion for 1 h. During the reperfusion, the BPV solution (0. 2 mg/kg daily) or the equal volume of saline was injected intraperitonealy immediately. The neurological deficit scores were conducted at day 1, 3,5, and 7 after ischemia-reperfusion. At day 4, triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining was used to assess cerebral infarction volume. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) in cortical ischemic border zones. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression level of PTEN mRNA. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of PI3K, Akt, and p-GSK-3β. At day 7, Bielschowsky silver staining was used to detect the axonal distribution in the ischemic border zone of the striatum. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP). Results At day 4 after ischemia-reperfusion, the infarct volume (32. 27% ± 1. 71% vs. 45. 49% ± 2. 12% ; P < 0. 001), TNF-α concentration in the cortical ischemic border zones (134. 17 ± 10. 38 pg/ml vs. 264. 17 ± 24. 84 pg/ml; P < ), and PTEN mRNA level (1. 19 ± 0. 08 vs. 2. 50 ± 0. 06; P < 0. 001) in the rats of the BPV group were al significantly lower than those of the normal saline group. The IL-10 concentration (186. 83 ± 10. 83 pg/ml vs. 147. 83 ± 11. 62 pg/ml; P < 0. 001), and the expression levels of PI3K (0. 43 ± 0. 08 vs. 0. 26 ± 0. 06; P = 0. 004), Akt (0. 52 ± 0. 05 vs. 0. 40 ± 0. 04;P = 0. 001), and p-GSK-3β (0. 75 ± 0. 08 vs. 0. 38 ± 0. 06; P < 0. 001) were al significantly higher than those of the normal saline group. At day 7 after ischemia-reperfusion, the neurological deficit score (4. 83 ± 0. 41 vs. 6. 33 ± 0. 52; P < 0. 001) in the rats of the BPV group was significantly lower than that of the normal saline group. The axon densities in the ischemic border zones (35. 51% ± 2. 45% vs. 25. 31% ± 2. 79% ; P < 0. 001) and the expression level of MBP (32. 56% ± 3. 46% vs. 27. 81% ± 4. 18% ; P = 0. 037) were significantly higher than those of the normal saline group. Conclusions BPV has neuroprotective effect for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Its mechanism may be associated with the up-regulation of PTEN downstream proteins PI3K, Akt and p-GSK-3β expression to regulate inflammatory mediators and reduce the inflammatory response.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of sodium aescinate (SA) on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in rats.Methods SAP model was induced by intraductal administration of 5％ taurocholic acid sodium salt.SD rats were then randomly divided into 3 groups (n =16),namely sham,model and SA group (5 mg/kg).Drugs or saline(10 ml/kg) were administered via caudal vein 30 min post-operation.The serum amylase was measured with spectrophotometer and pancreatic histological changes were observed under microscope 6 h and 12 h post-operation,respectiveiy.Results Pancreatic histological grades in the model group were (9.42 ± 1.06) and (18.30± 2.18) 6 h and 12 h post-operation,respectively,which showed significant differences (P＜0.01) compared with the sham group [(0.55 ±0.20) and 0,respectively].SA evidently reduced the severity of pancreatic pathology and improved the tissue inflammation in rats with SAP.Pancreatic histological grades were (7.85±1.33) and (12.75±1.69)in the SA group 6 h and 12 h post-operation,respectively,which had significant differences compared with the model group (P＜0.05).Serum amylase levels in model group were (2612 ± 59) U/L and(3004±687)U/L6 h and 12 h post-operation,respectively,which showed significant differences (P ＜ 0.01) compared with the sham group [(928 ± 271) and (890± 295) U/L,respectively].Serum amylase levels were reduced to (1790± 336) U/L and (2093 ± 298) U/L in the SA group 6 h and 12 h post-operation,respectively.SA markedly inhibited the level of serum amylase compared to the model group (P＜0.01).Conclusion SA could protect rats with SAP effectively.

Objective To evaluate the effect of various sampling errors on ELISA test results. Methods Standard sample volume,standard sample volume reducing 1,2,3,4 μL or adding 1, 2,3 μL were respectively pipetted into the wells of a microplate,follwed by routine operation of ELISA test. Then the influence of various sampling errors was analyzed on ELISA test results of HBsAg, HCV and TP. Results S/CO value was increased with the increase of sample volume. The statistical difference of mean S/CO value of HBsAg and TP was only found between sample volume adding 3 μL group and control group(P<0.05). For HCV result, there were significant differences between standard sample volume adding 2,3μL or reducing 3,4μL groups and control group(P<0.05), while no obvious differences were found in the other groups(P>0.05). The difference of mean positive rate between ex-perimental groups and control group showed an increasing tendency with the reduction of sample vol-ume,and significant differences in HBsAg, HCV and TP results were also found between sample vol-ume increase groups and reduction groups(P<0.05). Conclusion Various sampling errors influence ELISA test results to different degrees,and the extent increases with the reduction of standard sample volume.

Objective To explore the nursing care for the stiff-man syndrome patient.Methods Retrospective analysis had been performed for the nursing care of a patient with stiff-man syndrome.Results After 4 weeks of careful treatment and nursing care,the patient was discharged from the hospital.Conclusions Suitable nursing according to patients' condition,medication monitoring,psychological care,safety nursing and health guidance can prevent or delay the development of the disease and promote comprehensive rehabilitation for patients.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of compound carraghenates suppositories in the treatment of wounds after anal fissure operation. Methods:Eighty-eight cases of patients with anal fistula post-operation wounds were diagnosed from June 2011 to June 2014 and randomly divided into the observation group (n=44) and the control group (n=44). The control group was treated with the conventional treatment and the observation group was treated with external compound carraghenates suppositories additionally. The efficacy, average healing time, growing time of granulation tissue and removal time of necrotic tissue, pain disappear-ance time and wound edema disappearance time after the operation and the area of wound surface in the two groups were observed and compared. Results:After the 14-day treatment, the time of wound healing, granulation growth and cure in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group (P<0. 05). In the observation group, the total effective rate (93. 18%) was higher than that in the control group (77. 27%, P<0. 05). After the 7-day and 14-day treatment, the pain score and wound edema score in the observa-tion group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0. 05), and the wound area was significantly smaller than that in the control group (P<0. 05). Conclusion:The clinical efficacy of external compound carraghenates suppositories in the treatment of wounds after anal fissure operation is significant, safe and reliable.

Objective For analyzing the outcome of toe transplantation Methods From 1992 to 2001, 24 cases of defect of fingers were treated with toe transplantation, including second toe transplantation for thumb in 19 cases, for index finger in 1 case, and for middle finger 2 cases, as well as second toe and third toe transplantation for middle and ring fingers in 2 cases Results The transplantated toe survived in 23 cases The reconstituted fingers and thumbs showed good shape and excellent function Conclusion Careful examination, reasonable design of reconstrction plan, and fine manipulation to protect blood vessels from trauma induced by operation play a key role in the toe transplantation, especially in the presence of abnormal blood vessels