Objective:To explore the effect of responsibility management combined with nursing intervention based on Rosenthal effect on the quality of life and adverse reactions of patients with multiple myeloma.Methods:Using convenience sampling method, 75 patients with multiple myeloma admitted to the Hematology Department of Henan Provincial People's Hospital from March 2016 to July 2018 were selected as the control group conducting responsibility management. A total of 75 patients with multiple myeloma admitted from December 2018 to March 2021 were selected as the observation group, and the nursing intervention based on Rosenthal effect was applied on the basis of the control group. The quality of life of the two groups of patients before and after the intervention was compared, and the incidence of adverse reactions during the admission of the patients was counted.Results:Before the nursing intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of various indicators of the quality of life between the two groups of patients ( P>0.05) . After the nursing intervention, three functional indicators of physical function, cognitive function, emotional function, as well as scores of the fatigue, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, insomnia symptoms and general health of patients in the observation group were better than those in control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 9.3% (7/75) , which was lower than 24.0% (18/75) in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Responsibility management combined with nursing intervention based on Rosenthal effect can improve the quality of life of patients with multiple myeloma and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, which is worthy of clinical application.