1.Knowledge on Bone Banking among Participants in an Orthopaedic Conference: A Preliminary Survey
Mohd S, BSc, Yusof N, PhD, Ramalingam S, BSc, Ng WM, MS Orth, Mansor A, MS Orth
Malaysian Orthopaedic Journal 2017;11(2):1-6
Despite increasing use of bone graft in Malaysia, there was
still lack of data to quantify knowledge level on bone
banking among orthopaedic community who are involved in
transplantation related work. Therefore, a survey on
awareness in tissue banking specifically bone banking, usage
and choice of bone grafts was conducted. From 80
respondents, 82.5% were aware about tissue banking
however only 12.5% knew of the existence of tissue banks in
Malaysia. Femoral head was the bone allograft most often
used as a substitute to autograft. Only 34.8% respondents
preferred irradiated bone grafts whilst 46.9% preferred nonirradiated,
indicating the need to educate the importance of
radiation for sterilising tissues. Exhibition was the most
preferred medium for awareness programme to disseminate
information about bone banking in the orthopaedic
community. The professional awareness is necessary to
increase the knowledge on the use of bone graft, hence to
increase bone transplantation for musculoskeletal surgeries
in the country.
2.Severe Respiratory Sequelae Of H1N1 : Clinical Features, Management And Outcome – A Review
Ismail A Hamid ; Marzida Mansor ; Gracie Siok Yan Ong ; N M Kumar
International e-Journal of Science, Medicine and Education 2010;4(2):10-17
Since the outbreak of the novel influenza H1N1 in April 2009 in Mexico, more then half a million cases have been recorded with more then 6000 deaths.
In contrast to seasonal flu, this virus appears to have a predilection for the young, obese and pregnant.
It’s most important and almost fatal complication is Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Intensive care units (ICU) around the world have scrambled to upgrade various treatment modalities including high frequency oscillation ventilation, inotropes, antivirals and antibiotics in an effort to reduce the mortality arising out of this complication. More importantly, this complication appears reversible if adequate and early therapy is instituted. In particular, rescue therapies that allow the lung to rest appear to have brought success in some clinical settings. This article describes the experiences of seven centers that have used various modalities as rescue therapy in patients having Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). The experiences in 13 patients at the University of Michigan, 58 in Mexico, 168 in Canada, 180 patients at Leicester UK, 194 in Australia and New Zealand and case reports from Hong Kong and Singapore are described.
4.ESTABLISHING FREEZE DRYING PROCESS FOR CORTICAL AND CANCELLOUS BONE ALLOGRAFT CUBES
Ariffin AA, ; Chan HH ; Yusof N ; Mohd S ; Ramalingam S ; Ng WM ; Mansor A.
Journal of University of Malaya Medical Centre 2019;22(1):66-71
Freeze drying is a dehydration method to dry bone under freezing environment, enabling removal of water with no or minimial effects on bone strength and durability. Larger size bones obviously require longer freeze drying time to reduce water content to the required level for long term storage at room temperature. For small size bone cubes or chips, it is a normal practice to pool cortical and cancellous bones for freeze drying. The study was aimed at determining if different type of bones of the same size influence the drying time. Human bone cubes of 10 mm x 10 mm x 10 mm were prepared from cortical bone of tibiae and cancellous bone from femoral heads. The bone cubes were freeze dried to reduce water content to less than 6%. Moisture content was monitored using gravimetric method.Weight and density of cortical bone were significantly higher than cancellous bone despite of having similar small size (p<0.05). Cortical bones (density 2.05 ± 0.35 g/cm3) with initial water content of 10.93% required 5 hours to freeze dry, while cancellous bone cubes (density 0.72 ± 0.44 g/cm3) with initial water content of 78.95% required only 1.87 hours. This study confirmed that the structure hence density of human bone cubes determine the freeze drying time. Therefore in the standard operating procedure for freeze drying of bone allograft cubes, high density cortical bone cubes and low density cancellous bone cubes must be freeze dried separately despite being of similar small size