A case of large sized postraumatic intracerebral hematoma was found in left external capsular area. This hematoma was managed by mannitolization and steroid therapy without surgical intervention and followed up by a serial interval changes in computed tomography till the 6th week after trauma when the hematoma was successfully resorbed and neurological status was markedly improved except mild monoparesis involving right arm.
Arm ; Hematoma* ; Mannitol ; Paresis

No abstract available.
Cardioplegic Solutions* ; Glucose* ; Mannitol* ; Myocardium*

The effect of mannitol on serum osmolality(Sosm) was studied in 13 patients with increased intracranial pressure(Group I ) and 14 normal men(GroupII ). All of the Patients in Gtoup I were given 0.5 g/kg dose of mannitol radipidly and blood samples for Sosm were taken at 30 rninutes intetvals for the first one hour and at hourly intervals for the next 5 hours after mannitol infusion. Seven of Group II(Iia) received 0.5 g /kg dose of mannitol and the other 7 ( II b) received 1.0 g / kg, Blood samples for Sosm and electrolytes were taken at the same intervals for the same duration as in Group I expept for additionai blood samples every 5 rninutes during the first 30 minutes. In Group I there was no significant rise in Sosm even 30 minutes after mannitol infusion. In Group Iia and Iib, a maximum increase of 6 mOsm / kg, 14 mOsm / kg was observed at about 5 minutes, 25 minutes after mannitol infusion respectiveiy, which returned to baseline in about 1 hour and 4 hours respectively. The 1.0g /kg dose of mannitol produced a significant and relatively persistent increase in Sosm probably enough to reduce the ICP, but at dose of 0.5 g / kg there was minimal increase in Sosm; which seemed to be insufficient to reduce the ICP significantly as claimed in previous reports that there must be a Sosm rise of at least 10 mOsm / kg to have a significant reduction in ICP. Also, to detemine the loss of water and electrolytes through urine after mannitol administration, the urine volume and electrolytes were measeured at 30 minutes intervals for the first one hour and then every hour thereafter for six hours in normal men(Group II). Water and electrolytes excretion rates and urinary sodium concentrations were calculated in each interval. The author believes that these data would be useful in estimating the amount of water and electrolytes that has to be replaced.
Electrolytes* ; Humans ; Mannitol* ; Osmolar Concentration* ; Sodium

BACKGROUND: Mannitol containing monophasic filler with higher crosslinking has not been well studied for moderate and severe nasolabial fold (NLF) correction. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of a novel mannitol containing hyaluronic acid (HA) filler (HA-G) with biphasic HA filler (HA-P) for moderate and severe NLF correction. METHODS: Thirteen subjects with symmetric moderate to severe NLF received HA-G (in one NLF) and HA-P (in other NLF) and were evaluated for 24 weeks. RESULTS: At both 12 and 24 weeks, the mean improvement in Genzyme 6-point grading scale from baseline was significantly greater in the side of face that was treated with HA-G than HA-P (1.96±0.91 vs. 1.54±0.73 at week 12; p=0.044, 1.88±0.78 vs. 1.3±0.79 at week 24; p=0.027, respectively). At 12 weeks, the mean Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale score was 2.92±0.93 for HA-G and 2.31±0.95 for HA-P (p=0.008). Both fillers were well tolerated. CONCLUSION: The HA filler HA-G provides better efficacy and similar local tolerability compared with HA-P in 6 months following treatment for moderate and severe NLF.
Dermal Fillers* ; Hyaluronic Acid* ; Mannitol* ; Nasolabial Fold*

With with use of Tono-pen, we investigated the degree of reduction in intraocular pressure of the Honan intraocular pressure reducer(HIPR) with preoperative use of dichlorphenamide and mannitol or without. Seventy five patients scheduled for cataract surgery were divided into 4 groups by preoperative medication. Intraocular pressure was measured before preoperative medication and in process of time after external compression with the Honan intraocular pressure reducer(HIPR) following retrobulbar injection. There was no additive effect on the reduction of intraocular pressure with the preoperative use of dichlorphenamide and mannitol. A rapid initial reduction in intraocular presure over the first 5 minutes of compression was followed by a more gradual reduction from 5 to 20 minutes. We concluded that the compression of up to 20 minutes duration without the preoperative use of dichlorphenamide and mannitol is adequate.
Cataract* ; Dichlorphenamide ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure* ; Mannitol ; Premedication*

No abstract available.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Mannitol* ; Renal Insufficiency*

BACKGROUND: Rapid species identification of enterococci is necessary for optimal treatment of infected patients as they are frequently resistant to various antimicrobial agents. Minimal identification scheme is necessary to cut the laboratory cost. In this study, a minimal identification system was modified to expand the identifiable species. METHODS: Performance of MGP test was compared to that of MIO motility test. Colonies on blood agar were used to inoculate primary identification media: SFA, BEAA, mannitol agar, tellurite agar, sorbose agar and MGP agar, which were prepared in biplates. Pigment production was tested when necessary using colonies on a blood agar. Isolates, which were not identifiable by the primary test, were inoculated to secondary test media: ADH, and arabinose-, raffinose- and sucrose-containing CTA. Vitek GPI cards were used to test isolates with a doubtful identification or no identification. RESULTS: MGP test was selected for the modified scheme, as it was more rapid and accurate than motility test. Among the 879 clinical isolates of enterococci, 462 (52.6%) and 3 (0.3%) were identified as E. faecalis and E. casseliflavus, respectively, by the primary test only. With the additional secondary tests, 379 (43.1%) isolates were identified as E. faecium. Vitek test showed the identification of 4 isolates with atypical test results and 5 isolates of rare species by modified scheme were correct. Nine isolates (1.0 %) were not identifiable by the modified scheme. CONCLUSIONS: The modified minimal identification scheme which included MGP test identified most E. faecalis isolates rapidly and accurately. Most of E. faecium isolates were identified with the additional secondary tests. In conclusion, the system is useful for the identification of commonly isolated species of enterococci.
Agar ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Humans ; Mannitol ; Sorbose

No abstract available.
Animals ; Brain* ; Endothelium* ; Mannitol* ; Perfusion* ; Rats*

OBJECTIVETo study the cultural characteristics of Armillaria mellea (A. mellea ) on solid media.

METHODSA. mellea was cultured on semi-solid agar medium in dark conditions. Effects of different media, carbon sources, nitrogen sources, and temperature on growth and morphology of A. mellea were observed. The contents of polysaccharide, mannitol, glucose, and reducing sugars in A. mellea during different stages of development were determined.

RESULTSThe biomass and morphology of A. mellea were different in various media. Sugars were more effective carbon sources than the relevant sugar alcohols. Little molecular carbon sources such as alcohol and glycerol could be utilized by A. mellea, but starch only could be utilized slowly. Either organic or inorganic nitrogen sources could be uptaken and utilized effectively by A. mellea. No evidence was found that VitB1 affects the growth of A. mellea. The growth cycle on wort medium at 30 degrees C was shorter than that at 25 degrees C for 7 days. In logarithmic growth phase and stable phase, the polysaccharide contents of A. mellea were 9.24% and 4.70% respectively, while the mannitol contents were 10.08% and 10.58% respectively; glucose and reducing sugar contents remained low level in the whole growth stage.

CONCLUSIONSCarbon sources have a more remarked effect on the growth of A. mellea than the nitrogen sources do. Optimal temperature for the growth of A. mellea ranges 20-30 degrees C. Mannitol accumulates more than other little molecular carbohydrates in A. mellea.

This review highlights articles pertaining to the following 5 topics: the relationship between asthma, allergic and non-allergic rhinitis; the novel asthma phenotypes using cluster analysis; the diagnostic properties of inhaled dry-powder mannitol for the diagnosis of asthma; the value of mepolizumab therapy in exacerbations of refractory eosinophilic asthma; the role of bronchial thermoplasty in the treatment of severe asthma.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Asthma ; Cluster Analysis ; Eosinophils ; Mannitol ; Phenotype ; Rhinitis