Bacteremia ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Mannheimia haemolytica ; Pasteurellaceae Infections ; diagnosis ; drug therapy

Nitric Oxide (NO) is an important mediator in various pathological conditions. The list of agents known to activate the NO pathway continues to expand and now includes bacterial products, cytokines, cAMP-elevating agents, trauma, and ozone. The activation of the L-arginine-dependent NO pathway via NO synthase is an important mechanism to stimulate both antimicrobial capability and cytotoxicity of phagocytes. NO has both beneficial and detrimental effects on host responses including lung injury. The effects of NO on the host were intensively investigated in lung injury, bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis (51). However, there was no description about the effect on the primary agent of the disease, Pasteurella haemolytica Al. Therefore, we investigated the effect of NO produced from bovine alveolar macrophages on the growth of Pasteurella haemolytica Al which is the primary agent of bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis. With the exogenous source of NO, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), the growth of the bacterium was dose-dependently inhibited by NO produced from SNP when measured by XTT colorimetric assay and standard plate count method. Also, same effect was observed in AM-derived NO. The effect was bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal.
Animals ; Cytokines ; Lung Injury ; Macrophages, Alveolar* ; Mannheimia haemolytica* ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Nitric Oxide* ; Nitroprusside ; Ozone ; Pasteurella* ; Pasteurellosis, Pneumonic ; Phagocytes ; Thiram

Pasteurellae are aerobic gram-negative coccobacillary organism and usually pathogenic to domestic animal, but rarely to human beings. Human Pasteurella infections are mostly caused by animal but occasionally happens without known history of animal contacts. Pasteurella infection of human has been reported in numerous systems including pneumonia, empyema, meningitis, peritonitis, bone and joint infection and septicemia. This organism was difficult to identify because of its superficial resemblance to other organism, until recently a new technique used a requirement of X, V factor is developed. This organism is susceptible to many antimicrobial agents. A 55-year-old man was admitted to Seoul Paik Hospital Inje University due to fever and pleuritic chest pain for 2 weeks. He denied any animal contact history. Pasteurella hemolytica was recovered from pleural effusion. This is the first case report of empyema caused by Pasteurella hemolytica in Korea and provides another definitive causative organism of empyema.
Animals ; Animals, Domestic ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Chest Pain ; Empyema* ; Fever ; Fibrinogen ; Humans ; Joints ; Korea ; Mannheimia haemolytica* ; Meningitis ; Middle Aged ; Pasteurella Infections ; Pasteurella* ; Peritonitis ; Pleural Effusion ; Pneumonia ; Seoul ; Sepsis