Objective To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of propofol and Xingnaojing injection on different characteristic injuries in cerebrocortical slices of newborn rats in vitro. Methods The cerebral cortex of the 7 days-old Sprague-Dawley(SD)neonatal rat was cut into slices. 2,3,5-Triphenyl Tetrazolium(TTC) was used to stain the slices to judge their activities,afterwards they were randomly divided into seven different groups (each,n=12):normal control group(group A),glutamate(Glu)injury group(group B),hydrogen dioxide(H2O2) injury group(group C),propofol preconditioning before Glu injury group(group D),Xingnaojing preconditioning before Glu injury group(group E),propofol preconditioning before H2O2 injury group(group F), Xingnaojing preconditioning before H2O2 injury group(group G). On the 3rd day,the pre-medical treatments or pre-conditionings for D,E,F and G groups were carried out for 24 hours(the concentration of propofol:20 mg/L,the concentration of Xingnaojing:10 μg/mL);the slices were successfully incubated for 4 days,afterwards they were immersed in 1 mmol/L Glu and 0.1 mmol/L H2O2 for 30 minutes respectively to establish the injury models which had no pre-treatment,finally all the groups were transferred into normal cultural medium to incubate till the 7th day. In the above processes,the group A had no specific medical treatment. After all the operations,the changes in brain tissue and cell morphology,the quantity of Nissl body(NISSL)stained by its stain,and the proportion of cells stained with red and green dye after the slices in various groups stained with propidium iodide-acridine orange(PI-AO)were observed,and the apoptosis rate was tested by flow cytometry. Results ①Morphological observation of brain slices:on the 3rd day,the slices appeared mild edematous,3-5 days later,the edema gradually disappeared. Until the 6th day, a large number of typical nerve cells and a few glial cells were seen;on the 7th day,the growth of cells reached the peak,and afterwards,gradually apoptosis played the leading role.②Morphological observation of brain slices stained by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)stain:the neurons of group A presented multilateral-or shuttle-shaped. The cell numbers of groups B and C were significantly lower than the number of group A. In the neuron number sequence,the positions of the numbers of groups D,E,F,G were located in the interval between the number of group A and those of groups B and C,and there were differences in number among groups.③NISSL:Nissl-body of group A could be clearly seen. The numbers of Nissl-body in groups B and C were significantly reduced compared with the number in group A(cell/HP:8.8±2.5,10.3±2.5 vs. 28.9±5.1,both P<0.05). The numbers of Nissl-body in groups D and E were obviously increased compared with the number in group B,and the greater increase being in group D(21.5±4.7 vs. 13.4±3.1, P<0.05). The numbers of Nissl-body in groups F and G were markedly increased compared with the number in group C ,and the greater increase being in group F(23.9±1.9 vs. 19.2±4.1,P<0.05). ④ Double staining with PI-AO:in group A,nearly the total number of nuclei presented fluorescent green in color. In groups B and C,a large number of neurons appeared two types of fluorescence and their edges blurred. The proportions of red staining of neuron cytoplasm in groups D and E were lower than the proportion in group B,and the greater decrease being in group D. The proportions of red staining of neuron cytoplasm in groups F and G were lower than the proportion in group C ,and the greater decrease being in group F.⑤Apoptosis rate:the apoptosis rates of groups B and C were higher than the rate of group A〔(22.00±0.64)%,(21.28±1.44)%vs.(8.57±0.67)%,P<0.05〕;the apoptosis rates of groups D and E were lower than group B,the decrease in group D being greater〔(11.94±0.57)%vs.(18.17±0.65)%,P<0.05〕;the apoptosis rates of groups F and G were much lower than the rate of group C,the decrease in group F being greater〔(10.54±1.24)% vs.(13.12±0.13)%,P<0.05〕. Conclusion The pre-treatment of propoful or Xingnaojing injection has protective effect on Glu or H2O2 injury of in vitro rat cerebrocortical slices,and upon the same injury,the brain protective effect of propoful is more powerful than that of Xingnaojing injection.

Objective To observe the climical significance of controlling plasma glycemia in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus( GDM ) for improving the pregnant result and reducing the complications of maternal and fetus.Methods 120 pregnant women with GDM were dioided into two groups according to the information of plasma glycemia control,including 86 cases with well-controlled plasma glycemia ( A group) and 34 cases with poorcontrolled plasma glycemia( B group).50 cases normal pregnancy were selected as control group.The differences in complications of maternal and fetus were observed.Results Only the morbidity of PIH of A group was higher than that in normal pregnant women( x2 =5.920,P ＜ 0.05 ),while the morbidity of PIH,polyhydramnios,fetal macrosomia,premature labor,and newborn asphyxia in B group were higher than those in A group( all P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Paying more attention on screening GDM in pregnant women,early diagnosis and control of blood glucose was essential for reducing the incidence of maternal and fetal complications.

The correlation between lipids and stroke is complex. The levels of serum total cholesterol can increase the risk of stroke no matter it is too high or too low. Low-density lipoprotein is the risk factor of atherosclerotic stroke, while high-density lipoprotein is its protective factor. Triglyceride is closely associated with ischemic stroke. This article reviews the relationship between lipids and stroke, as well as the role of lipid-modulating therapy in the prevention and treatment of stroke.

Objective To investigate the effect of curcumine on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC). Methods HUVEC were cultured and identified in vitro .After cultured with curcumine at different concentration for 24 hours, the expression of MMP-9 in HUVEC was detected by cytoimmunochemical staining method and ELISA . Results All concentrations of curcumine can restrain the expression of HUVEC after co- culturing with the cells for 24 hours. The inhibitory effect got stronger with the increase of the concentration of curcumine. Conclusion The curcumine can depress the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in HUVEC obviously.

Objective To assess the relative value of individual positions in the functional departments of a general hospital in Beijing,for reference of improving the salary allocation system and fine management of human resources.Methods The expert consultation method and International Position Evaluation system were used to quantitatively assess the tasks,work difficulty,size of responsibility and the qualifications required for every.Results A total of 38 experts contributed to this research which studied 140 positions including all functional departments of this hospital.The department having the most positions is the finance department(17)and the least is the Youth League committee(1).The position scoring the highest(805)was the director of medical affairs department;that scoring the lowest(263)was the food and beverage service positions of the diet and nutrition department.There was an evident turning point at score 547.Conclusions Functional departments′ position setting of this hospital proves reasonable,and the assessment scoring can reflect the value of the position in related dimensions.The result can be used as reference indexes for the hospital to perfect its human resource management system and improve the remuneration precision.

Objective To study cellular immune responses induced by DNA vaccine against Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) serotype E. Methods BALB/c mice were divided into three groups to be intramuscularly immunized by blank plasmid (negative control group), DNA vaccine against Ct serotype E (vaccine group), and inactivated Ct elementary body (positive control group), respectively. Two weeks after the last immunization,delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response was evaluated; MTT assay was performed to detect the proliferation of spleen lymphocytes, ELISA to measure the serum level of interferon-γin mice. Some immunized mice underwent a genital challenge with Ct elementary body followed by isolation of Ct from exfoliated epithelial cells in genital tract and pathological examination of cervical tissue from the challenged mice. Results Compared to negative control group, vaccine group and positive control group experienced a stronger DTH response.The lymphocyte stimulating index and serum level of IFN-γwere highest in the positive control group (3.81 ±0.30, 2891.7 ± 1048.8 μg/L), followed by vaccine group (2.35 ± 0.25, 593.3 ± 342.6 μg/L) and negative control group (1.48 ± 0.15, 309.2 ± 157.9 μg/L), and significant difference was observed between the three groups (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ). After Ct challenge, Ct was isolated from exfoliated epithelial cells and cervical tissue was damaged in the negative control group, while in the other two groups, Ct was undetected and genital tract tissue was intact. Conclusions The DNA vaccine against Ct serotype E could induce Ct-specific cellular immune responses to some extent, and offer a protection against vaginal challenge with Ct.

Ocean is a unique and excellent resource that provides a diverse array of intriguing natural products. Marine natural products have demonstrated significant and extremely potent biological activities and have captured the attention of natural products chemists in the past few decades. It is increasingly recognized that a wealth of fascinating natural products and novel chemical entities will play a dominant role in the discovery of useful leads for the development of pharmaceutical agents and provide useful probes to lead to breakthroughs in a variety of life-science fields. This article focused on the research progress of chemistry of marine natural products in recent five years.

Objective To understand how about the female consumers know the skin conditions of themselves and which they concern by a comprehensive questionnaire. Methods Three hundred and twenty-eight healthy volunteers in Shanghai were involved in this study. They were divided into 5 age groups equally. The questionnaire included the skin conditions, i.e. skin moisture, sebum, whiteness, redness, xanthochromia, homogeneity, spots, fine line, wrinkle, elasticity, angiotelectasis,pore, sagging, smoothness, gloss, roughness, scales and sensitivity. Each condition was divided into 10 grades to assess the skin conditions of the face (exposed site), upper arm (non-exposed site) and the perfect skin status. SPSS11.5 software was used to analyze the correlations of the skin conditions with ages. Results The skin concerns were difference in the 5 groups. Skin aging of sagging, wrinkle, spots and fine line became prominent from group C (35 to 40 years old). The correlations between the skin concerns of facial moisture, sebum, whiteness, homogeneity, spots, wrinkle, fine line, elasticity, sagging, sensitivity, upper arm sebum, spots, elasticity, angiotelectasis, sagging and roughness with ages were very significant (P＜0.01). Conclusion The changes of the volunteers'concerns about sebum, pore, sagging, elasticity, fine line and wrinkle with age in different age group are consistent with the quantitative measurement results from the oversea studies.

Objective To detect antibodies against chlamydial plasmid-encoded protein 3 (Pgp3),outer membrane complex protein B C-terminal peptide (OmcBc),CT841 protein and heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) in the sera of patients with urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection.Methods Recombinant plasmids encoding the aforementioned four proteins and an empty plasmid were transformed into Escherichia coli separately followed by 2-hour isopropyl-1-thio-β-galactopyranoside (IPTG) induction and cell lysis.The expressed proteins were purified with glutathione magnetic beads and then used to coat 96-well enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) plates precoated by glutathione.Serum samples were collected from 20 patients with and 20 clients without urogenital C.trachomatis infection attending the sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital.ELISA with the expressed protein-coated plates was adopted to detect antibodies against these proteins in the serum samples.Results Of the 20 serum samples from C.trachomatis-infected patients,14 (70％)had anti-Pgp3 antibody,9 (45％) anti-OmcBc antibody,8 (40％) anti-CT841 antibody,and 5 (25％) anti-HSP60 antibody.Meanwhile,no antibody was detected in any of the serum samples from uninfected clients except for one with anti-HSP60 antibody.Conclusions Of the four studied C.trachomatis proteins,Pgp3 appears to have the strongest antigenicity with the highest antibody-detection rate,while HSP60 exhibits the weakest antigenicity with the lowest antibody-detection rate.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of a recombinant plasmid encoding mouse interleukin 2 (mlL-2) on the immunogenicity of DNA vaccine against Chlamydia trachomatis(Ct) serovar E.Methods BALB/c mice were divided into 4 groups to be intramuscularly inoculated with blank plasmid(negative control group),DNA vaccine against Ct serovar E(DNA vaccine group),DNA vaccine against Ct serovar E and a recombinant plasmid containing mIL-2(combination group),and inactivated Ct serovar E elementary bodies (positive control group),respectively.The immunological effects were evaluated by posterior foot pad thickness,proliferation level of spleen lymphocytes,serum level of IL-4 and interferon (IFN)-γ in mice,and the capability to clear Ct genital tract infection.ResultsThe proliferation index of spleen lymphocytes in the combination group and positive control group was similar(3.64 ± 0.41 vs.3.77 ± 0.34),but was significantly different from that in the blank control group and DNA vaccine group (1.37 ± 0.21 and 2.52 ± 0.30).The serum level of IL-4 was(38.49 ± 12.24) pg/ml in the positive control group,significantly higher than in the negative control group,DNA vaccine group and combination group ((25.37 ± 18.93),(24.75 ± 8.49),(21.74 ± 6.43) pg/ml,respectively).With respect to the serum level of IFN-γ,the combination group and positive control group were similar ((1923.3 ± 518.1) pg/ml vs.(2712.5 ± 887.2) pg/ml),but were significantly different from the negative control group and vaccine group((310.8 ± 160.7) pg/ml and(601.3 ± 357.9) pg/ml).Six days after Ct challenge,the exfoliated cells from genital tract were positive for Ct culture in the negative control group,but negative in the other 3 groups.ConclusionIL-2 genetic adjuvant can enhance the immune response,especially Th1 type response,induced by the DNA vaccine against Ct serovar E.