Objective To investigate the effect of minocycline on the cognition and expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), apoptosis related factor Bcl-2 and Bax in hippocampus of rats with Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Methods The rat model was established by microinjection of Aβ25-35 into lateral ventricle. Thirty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:control group, model group and minocycline treatment group. Normal saline 1 mL/(kg·d) was intraperitoneally injected in control group and model group. The minocycline treatment group was intraperitoneally injected with minocycline 50 mg/(kg · d) for 14 days. Morris water maze was used to detect the behaviors of animals. The expressions of BDNF, Bcl-2 and Bax in hippocampus were measured by Western blotting and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The apoptosis of neurons was detected by TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL). Results Minocycline greatly improved the behaviors of AD rats, up-regulated the expressions of BDNF and Bcl-2, and down-regulated the expression of Bax in hippocampus, and reduced cell apoptosis. Conclusion Minocycline plays a protective role in neural function by promoting the growth of neurons and inhibiting the neuronal apoptosis.

Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Virus(CCHFV)is a tick-born virus of the Nairovirus genus within the Bunyaviridae family,which is widespread and causes,high fatality. The nucleocapsid of CCHFV is comprised of N proteins that are encoded by the S segment. In this research,the N protein of CCHFV was expressed in insect cells using a recombinant baculovirus. Under an electron microscope,Virus-Like Particles (VLPs)with various size and morphology were observed in cytoplasmic vesicles in the infected cells.Sucrose-gradient purification of the cell lysate indicated that the VLPs were mainly located in the upper fraction after ultracentrifugation,which was confirmed by Western blot analysis and immuno-electron microscopy(IEM).

Objective To explore nurses′real work experience of post anaesthesia care unit (PACU) in a level three class A hospital so as to provide reference for nursing managers to meet nurses′demands. Methods The phenomenology method of qualitative research was used to in-depth interview 6 nurses of PACU in a level three class A hospital of Beijing.The data was analyzed and concluded by Colaizzi phenomenology method and Nvivo 1 0.0 encoding software.Results Inner experience of nurses in PACU during working could be divided into 4 themes including occupational values,multiple roles,facing pressure currently,occupational planning and demands by analysing and concluding 6 interview data.Conclusions The special role of nurses in PACU enhanced their occupational identity and the sense of mission.Managers and leadership should pay attention to nurses′pressure and demands in this kind of work and should go into overdrive in support and guarantee for nurses so as to further improve the quality of care in PACU.

Objective To compare the effects of different intervention methods on relieving the xerostomia and to explore the best method to relieve xerostomia in patients during anesthesia recovery period.Methods A total of 108 patients in post anesthesia care unit after general anesthesia were recruited from March 2015 to June 2016 in Chinese PLA General Hospital.They were randomly divided into the experimental group 1 (27 cases),experimental group 2 (26 cases),condition conditional group (28 cases),blank control group (27 cases) with different methods of moistening oral cavity after extubation with 2 ml at a time for every 10 minutes including lemon water sprayer,vitamin C sprayer,warm water sprayer and non-intervention.And then,the visual analogue scale (VAS) for the intensity of xerostomia and the prevalence of adverse reactions including nausea,vomiting,abdominal pain,abdominal distension and so on were compared before intervention,20 minutes and 50 minutes after intervention.Results The results showed that the scores of VAS in the experimental group 1 were lower than those in the experimental group 2,the conditional control group and the blank control group 20 minutes and 50 minutes after intervention with significant differences [(Dunnett-t =-1.200,-1.733,-1.733;P＜ 0.01;20 minutes after intervention),(Dunnett-t =-2.150,-2.500,-5.567;P＜0.01;50minutes after intervention)].Conclusions The application of the lemon water sprayer for moistening oral cavity can effectively relieve the xerostomia in patients during anesthesia recovery period.Besides,the effects of the lemon water sprayer are better than those of vitamin C sprayer and warm water sprayer.

Objective To explore the application of Quality Control Circle ( QCC) to prevent children’ s infusion line slip on the way from anesthesia recovery to ward which could effectively improve the quality of child care.Methods After the subject selected, we investigated the children with infusion line after anesthesia recovery, and then analyzed the reasons of infusion line slip.According to the investigation, we formulated and implemented corresponding nursing procedures.Results After the usage of QCC, there was apparently decreasing in the incidence rate of children transfusion line slip between March and October in 2013 compared with 2012.The rate of children transfusion line slip incidence reduced 100%.The QCC also promoted team cooperation, the organized ability of QCC director and the ability of QCC member’ s problem solving and nurses work enthusiasm.Conclusions The application of QCC can not only reduce the incidence of transfusion line slip and improve the nursing quality, but also develop nurses the team cooperation and the ability of problem solving.

AIM:To observe the effect of folic acid(FA)on C2C12 myoblast proliferation and differentia-tion,and to explore its mechanism.METHODS:During the proliferation stage,C2C12 myoblasts were treated with vari-ous concentrations of FA(0,2.5,5,10 and 20 μmol/L).The cell status was observed under a microscope,cell viability was detected using the MTT method,and cell proliferation was assessed using the EdU method.In the differentiation stage,C2C12 cells were divided into control(Ctrl)group(0 μmol/L FA)and FA group(10 μmol/L FA).On day 2 or 4 of differentiation,immunofluorescence staining and Western blot were employed to detect the expression of myoblast differen-tiation-related proteins,myoblast determination protein 1(MyoD),myogenin(MyoG)and myosin heavy chain(MyHC).The myotubule formation in each group was analyzed.On day 4 of differentiation,C2C12 cells were treated with FA for 0,1,3 and 6 h,and the protein levels of p-JNK,JNK,p-p38 MAPK and p38 MAPK at each time point were detected by Western blot.Additionally,C2C12 cells after 4-day differentiation were divided into Ctrl group,FA group,FA+ SP600125(specific inhibitor of JNK)group,and FA+SB203580(specific inhibitor of p38)group.The cells in FA+ SP600125 and FA+SB203580 groups were treated with 10 μmol/L SP600125 or SB203580 for 1 h,followed by treatment with 10 μmol/L FA for 24 h.The cells in FA group were treated with 10 μmol/L FA for 24 h,while the cells in Ctrl group were left untreated.The protein levels of p-JNK,JNK,p-p38 MAPK,p38 MAPK and MyHC were detected by Western blot.RESULTS:(1)Compared with 0 μmol/L FA group,the number of the cells in other concentration groups in-creased,cell viability was raised(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and the rate of EdU positive cells increased(P＜0.05).(2)Com-pared with Ctrl group,the expression levels of MyoD,MyoG and MyHC in FA group were increased(P＜0.05),and the myotube fusion index was raised(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(3)Compared with 0 h group,the ratios of p-JNK/JNK and p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK were elevated after FA treatment for 1,3 and 6 h(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and showed a trend of gradual increase with the extension of treatment time.(4)After FA treatment,the ratios of p-JNK/JNK and p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK,and the expression of MyHC were elevated(P＜0.01).Treatment with SP600125 decreased the ratio of p-JNK/JNK and the expression of MyHC(P＜0.05),while SB203580 intervention cut down the ratio of p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK and the expression of MyHC(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:Folic acid can promote the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts by activating the JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

Objective To explore methods and effects of implementing comfort nursing care in post-anesthesia care unit by using relative theories of comfort nursing.Methods In anesthesia recovery period, a series of comfort-care measures were conducted to the patients, including nursing care with improved position, relieving postoperative dry mouth by spraying lemonade, protecting body temperature and health education on early post-operation pain, and many others.Results Satisfaction of patients, anesthesiologists and surgeons were significantly improved after developing comfort nursing care in post-anesthesia care unit.Conclusions Development of comfort nursing care in post-anesthesia care unit can improve comfort degree of patients in anesthesia recovery period, reduce their psychological issues like fear and anxiety, improve their satisfaction and promote postoperative recovery.

Objective To apply “5S procedure” in the improvement of post-anesthesia care unit infection control system.Methods To apply “5S procedure”, including “Seiri”,“Seiton”, “Seiso”,“Seiktsu” and “Shitsuke” which originated from Japan , to control and enhance the post-anesthesia care unit infection.Results Aerial detection result was decreased from 4 211.3 granule/L in 2009 to 2 600.4 granule/L in 2013 .Nonpathogenic bacteria fall was decreased from 2/20 cm2 in 2009 to 0/20 cm2 in 2013 .After applying the 5S procedure, there was no cross infection patient .And the normative infection control system was built up and the aerial detection result was significantly improved .Conclusions 5S procedure can effectively improve the level of post-anesthesia care unit infection control .

Objective To evaluate the effect of standardized training with objective-based teaching method in post-anesthesia care unit nurses. Methods All the participators were new nurses qualified in post-anesthesia care unit. A 3-year standardized training project including goals of theoretical knowledge and operative skills was made for them. Results The theoretical knowledge and operative skills of the nurses were improved year by year. All the nurses were promoted to nurse practitioners. Conclusions The effect of standardized training with objective-based teaching method in post-anesthesia care unit nurses is remarkable. It can improve the clinical teaching quality by helping nurse master more theoretical knowledge and operative skills.

Objective To explore the best body position for recovery period patients of general anesthesia by using and observing of different nursing position in patients after general anesthesia in Anesthesia Operation Center. Methods A total of 800 patients, who awoke after general anesthesia with stable vital signs, were divided into 4 groups by random number table including control group (supine position without pillow), experimental group 1 (supine position with pillow), experimental group 2 (bed elevation 15° with pillow) and experimental group 3 ( bed elevation 30° with pillow). After 30 min observation, the status was recorded maintaining patients′vital signs, headache, nausea, fidge, shoulder and back pain, and then the comfort was inquired after 30 mins. Results The vital signs were stable in 4 groups, and the difference in incidence of nausea had no statistical significance (P>0. 05), but the differences were statistically significant in headache, fidge, shoulder and back pain (P<0. 05); the comparison of comfort displayed the experimental groups were better than control group (P<0. 05). Conclusions Under premise of awaking and stable vital signs, to elevate 15° to 30° bed not only can promote patient′s comfort, but also can reduce adverse effects of anesthesia recovery period and promote recovery early during recovery period.