Objective To investigate the expression and significance of signal pathway Wnt/β-catenin in prostate cancer stem cells.Methods Prostate cancer tissues,hyperplasia prostate tissues and normal prostate tissues were collected,then prostate cancer stem cells were selected from cell suspension in the culture system of serum-free medium by magnetic activated cell sorting system.Immunohistochemical SP test,RT-PCR and Western blot were applied to test the expression of Wnt and β-Catenin mRNA or protein in prostate cancer stem cells,hyperplasia prostate tissues and normal prostate tissues.Results The protein expression of Wnt and β-Catenin was higher in prostate cancer tissues compared with that in hyperplasia prostate tissues and normal prostate tissues;mRNA expression of Wnt and β-Catenin was higher in prostate cancer stem cells (4.57±0.83,3.93±0.78) than in hyperplasia prostate tissues (1.32±0.35,1.48±0.44) and normal prostate tissues (1.00±0.12,1.00±0.11),and the difference was statistically significant (F＝13.287,12.648,P＝0.000).Protein expression of Wnt and β-Catenin was higher in prostate cancer stem cells(0.87±0.10,1.12±0.23) than in hyperplasia prostate tissues(0.39±0.08,0.64±±0.11) and normal prostate tissues (0.33±0.09,0.45±0.10),and the difference was statistically significant (F＝16.625,14.417,P＝0.000).Conclusion Signal pathway Wnt/β-catenin is stimulated abnormally in prostate cancer stem cells,causing the occurrence of prostate cancer,providing a new research direction for treatment of prostate cancer.

Objective To discuss the semilateral supine position for retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy. Methods From Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2008, 36 patients (20 males and 16 females with mean age of 43 years) underwent retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy in 60° -70° semilateral supine position. There were adrenal cortex adenomas in 18 cases, pheochromocytoma in 6 cases, adrenal cysts in 3 cases, myelolipoma in 2 cases, gangliocytoma in 1 case, lymphangioma in 1 case, metastatic tumor in 1 case and corticohyporplasia in 4 cases. The mean diameter of the tumors was 2.6 cm( 0.5 - 7.7 cm ). The tumors were superior to the renal pole in 5 cases, anteromedial in 10 cases and superomedial in 17 cases. The three ports that were usually used in lateral position and were placed anteriorly to create retroperitoneal place: the first port was placed 2 -4 cm superior to the iliac crest along the anterior axillary line, the other two were placed just below the costal margin along the midaxillary line and at the same level along the midclavicular line, and dissected along the anterior surface of kidney to its superomedial aspect, so as to avoid the hampering of the kidney in the exposing of the diseased adrenal gland. Results The procedure was completed successfully in all of the cases with the operating time of 37 - 145 min ( mean 69 min) and intraoperative blood loss of 30 - 100 ml (mean 48 ml). Six cases had rupture of peritoneum, which were sutured and the procedure was continued to completion. The postoperative hospital stay was 3 -8 d (mean 5 d ). Thirty-five patients were available for follow-up of 3 - 28 months ( mean 14 months). The case of metastatic tumor died of the primary diseases in the 12th month postoperatively. No other complication was found. Conclusion With this alternative position and ports' location, the procedure of retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy could be easier and safer than the conventional position.

Purpose:To further improve the therapeutic results of ESWL and to reduce the complications of ESWL. Methods: Clinical materials of 5 140 cases of patients with urinary calculi underwent ESWL from 1989 to 1999 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Ignorance of the routine examination in urine, blood, hepatic func tion and specialization etc, the serious complications may be produced by ESWL. Low energy and emergency ESWL have obtained satisfactory results. Conclusions:Every routine examination is essential to secure the patient to get satisfactory therapeutic result from ESWL and prevent the complication from occurring. Complete dis charge rate of stones was affected by the tissue structure and type of the renal pelvis and calyces, beside the site of stones.

OBJECTIVETo explore HEPACAM mutations in a Chinese family with megalencephalic leukoencephaloptathy with subcortical cysts (MLC).

METHODGenomic DNA samples were extracted from peripheral blood of the proband and her parents. All exons and exon-intron boundaries of HEPACAM and MLC1 were amplified in the MLC family by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by direct DNA sequencing.

RESULTTwo heterozygous mutations of HEPACAM located in exon 2, c.203A > T(p.K68M) and c.395C > A(p.T132N), were identified in the proband. The proband's mother had the heterozygous mutations c.203A > T(p.K68M), and her father had the heterozygous mutation-c.395C > A(p.T132N). There was no variation found in MLC1 gene.

CONCLUSIONThe proband was heterozygous compound MLC patient carrying on one allele with the c.203A > T(p.K68M) mutation inherited from her mother, and the other allele with the c.395C > A(p.T132N) mutation inherited from her father. The parents both are heterozygous carriers with normal phenotype. The disease-causing gene for this family was resulted in HEPACAM mutation other than MLC1 mutation.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Child ; Cysts ; genetics ; pathology ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exons ; Female ; Genotype ; Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases ; genetics ; pathology ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Phenotype ; Proteins ; genetics

ObjectiveTo find out the quality of life of inhabitants living in endemic arsenism areas after drinking-water improvement and related influencing factors.MethodsCase group ( 118 people) of arsenicosis,and control group (237 people ) of nearby residents without arsenicosis in endemic arsenic areas after drinking-water improvement in Shanxi and Inner Mongolia and outside control group(116 people) not exposed to arsenic in nearby non-arsenic areas were selected to be interviewed using homogeneous validity and reliability of the World Health Organization quality of life(WHOQOL-BREF,Chinese Version) in 2010,and physical health,psychological,social relationships,environment scores and total score were calculated,respectively.Covariance analysis was used to find out the real difference in the three groups and multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors on quality of life.Results The scores of physical health,psychological,social relationships,environment and total score of case group were ( 12.14 ± 2.68),( 12.18 ± 2.22),( 14.81 ± 2.24),(11.33 ± 1.92),(69.27 ± 16.23) points,respectively,and those of internal control group were ( 13.39 ± 2.67),( 12.80 ± 1.88 ),( 15.16 ± 1.80),( 11.72 ± 1.62),(75.49 ± 14.50) points,respectively,those of control group were (13.91 ± 254),(13.67 ± 2.14),(15.07 ± 1.36),(12.64 ± 1.68),(78.41 ± 12.03) points,respectively.Them was significant difference in physical health,psychological,environment scores and total score among the three groups(F =7.57,10.74,13.44,10.77,all P ＜ 0.05),of which case group was significantly lower than those of the inside and outside control group(all P ＜0.01 ),while in the control group the psychological and environment scores were lower than those of the external control group(all P ＜ 0.01 ).Health,whether-or-not arsenicosis patient,annual per capita income,age and sex were influential factors of quality of life among inhabitants living in endemic arsenism areas after drinking-water improvement (all P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Quality of life among inhabitants living in endemic arsenism areas after drinking-water improvement is lower than residents of non-arsenic areas.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the synergic effects of rapamycin and donor bone marrow-derived immature dendritic cells (DCs) in inducing skin allograft tolerance in mice.

METHODSThe recipient BALB/c mice receiving transplantation of skin allograft from C57BL/6 mice were divided into control group (without perioperative treatments), rapamycin group (receiving rapamycin at 1 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) by gavage for 7 consecutive 7 days after skin transplantation), immature DC group (receiving an injection of donor bone marrow-derived immature DCs of 2 x 10(6) via tail vein before skin transplantation), combined group (receiving an injection of the DCs of 2 x 10(6) before transplantation and rapamycin at 1 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) for 7 consecutive days after transplantation). The survival time of the skin allograft was observed in each group.

RESULTSThe survival time of the skin allograft in the control, rapamycin, immature DC and immature DC +rapamycin groups were 6.9-/+1.9, 12.3-/+3.0, 17.0-/+3.4 and 20.8-/+3.6 days, respectively, showing significant differences among the groups (P<0.05), and SNK test also indicated significant differences between every two groups.

CONCLUSIONSRapamycin and donor bone marrow-derived immature DCs have synergic effects in inducing skin allograft tolerance in mice.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; Dendritic Cells ; immunology ; Graft Survival ; drug effects ; immunology ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Sirolimus ; pharmacology ; Skin Transplantation ; immunology ; methods ; Transplantation, Homologous

OBJECTIVETo investigate the methods of culturing and identifying mouse myeloid semimature dendritic cell (smDC) in vitro.

METHODSMyeloid monocytes derived from 6-week-old C57 BL/6 mice were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 ng/ml recombinant murine granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and 20 ng/ml recombinant murine interleukin (IL)-4 for 9 days. Then cells were incubated with 40 ng/ml tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) for 24 hours to obtain smDC. Meanwhile, smDC was differentiated into mature dendritic cell (mDC) or immature dendritic cell (iDC) by treatment with 1 micro/m1 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or without LPS. The morphological features of smDC were assayed by inverted microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Surface markers such as CD11c, CD4O, CD8O, CD86, and MHC-II were tested by flow cytometry. IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-12, and IL-10 in the supernatant were tested by ELISA. The activation of allogene lymphocyte (BALB/c mice) stimulated by C57BL/6 myeloid smDC in mixed lymphocyte reaction was examined by Cell Counting Kit-8 in vitro.

RESULTSThe shape of smDC was round or oval-shaped, and the diameter of smDC was about 15 microm. The length of smDC dendrite was between 5 to 10 microm. smDC, iDC, and mDC all expressed high level of CD11 c. The expressions of MHC-II, CD40, CD80, and CD86 on smDC were higher than those of iDC and lower than those of mDC. IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-12 secretion of smDC was significantly lower than that of mDC (P < 0.01), and IL-12 was significantly lower than that of iDC (P < 0.05), while no significant difference of IL-1beta and IL-6 secretion was found between smDC and iDC (P > 0.05). Furthermore, IL-10 secretion was not significantly different among these three kinds of DCs (P > 0.05). The effect of allogene lymphocytes activation on smDC was significantly lower than that of mDC and positive control (P < 0.01), but had no significant difference when compared with that of iDC and negative control (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSsmDC may be a relatively independent dendritic cell sub-population in terms of function and morphology. It is a feasible way to induce myeloid monocytes to differentiate into smDC using GM-CSF, IL-4, and TNF-alpha in vitro.

Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines ; immunology ; Dendritic Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Monocytes ; cytology ; immunology

The paper dilates upon purpose and meaning of the building of multipath remote consultation platform based on medical alliance,introduces its building scheme,which includes implementation method,technology roadmap and technology feasibility analysis,compares the domestic and overseas situations in the area and discusses its future.

BACKGROUND: Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) are a leading cause of perioperative anaphylaxis. However, the performance of systematic screening skin tests to detect reactions for NMBAs prior to general anesthesia is not recommended. We retrospectively examined intradermal tests (IDTs) for rocuronium and cisatracurium in patients with a history of allergy. METHODS: We reviewed the records of patients who underwent IDTs for NMBAs between January 1 and December 31, 2016. We analyzed the patients’ allergy histories and skin test results for NMBAs. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of positive IDTs was 5.8% (26/451), and there was no significant difference in prevalence among allergy types (P = 0.655). In logistic regression analysis, there was no allergy history that had a significant effect on positive IDT for NMBAs. CONCLUSIONS: We found no association between allergy history and positive skin test for NMBAs. Therefore, a systematic screening test for NMBAs or other anesthetic agents before anesthesia is not considered necessary even in patients with an allergy history.
Anaphylaxis ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity* ; Intradermal Tests ; Logistic Models ; Mass Screening ; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies* ; Skin Tests* ; Skin*

Objective To investigate the mental health status and sleep quality in elderly inpatients, and probe into the relationship between them. Methods A total of 300 elderly inpatients were selected from the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from October 2005 to October 2007. Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was used to assess the sleep quality, and Pittsburgh sleep quality index more than 8 was used as the judging standard of sleep disorder. The 300 patients were divided into the group of PSQI less than 5 (n = 70), the group of PSQI from 5 to 8 (n = 80), and the group of PSQI more than 8 (n = 146) according to their PSQI index. The symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) was used to assess the influence of mental status. The objective and significance were explained to the patients before the test. The patients were asked to finish the questionnaires within 1 to 2 hours independently. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was made to compare the means of scores for SCL-90, and correlation analysis based on Spearman was used to make the correlation test between the mental health status and sleep quality. Results According to the intention, all the 300 patients were analyzed in the result.① The scores of somatization, compulsion, depression, anxiety and psychoticism and the total score in the group of PSQI more than 8 were significantly higher than those in the groups of PSQI from 5 to 8 and less than 4. The higher the score of PSQI was, the higher the score of factors and the total score of SCL-90 were. ② The scores of somatization, compulsion, depression, anxiety and psychoticism and the total score were in a highly positive correlation with the sleep quality, wherein the scores of others, somatization and compulsion were in a significantly positive correlation with the scores of sleep, time for falling asleep, time of sleep and efficiency of sleep. The scores of depression and anxiety and the total score of SCL-90 were in a highly positive correlation with the score of efficiency of sleep. Conclusions The poorer the sleep quality in eider inpatients is, the higher the scores of depression and anxiety are, so they axe in a remarkable positive correlation. The poor sleep quality causes the emotional disorder such as depression and anxiety. Our results indicate that sleeplessness is not only a kind of physical order, but also a kind of mental order.