To report retinal image of in a 6-year-old male castrated poodle dog with a 2-month history of nyctalopia using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Ocular reflexes were present in both eyes and slit lamp examination showed anterior subscapular cataract in the right eye. There were fundus abnormalities in both eyes similar to retinal degeneration. Scotopic electroretinograms (ERGs) revealed significantly subabnormal amplitudes and prolonged implicit time, whereas photopic ERGs were better maintained, although far from normal. OCT of affected dogs revealed generalized retinal thinning much more than a normal age-matched dog. Therefore, OCT scanning is considered to be a useful method for retinal evaluation in dogs with retinal degeneration.
Animals ; Cataract ; Dogs ; Electroretinography ; Eye ; Humans ; Male ; Night Blindness ; Reflex ; Retinal Degeneration ; Retinaldehyde ; Tomography, Optical Coherence

A 2-year-old intact female Bengal cat was presented with a 6-month history of visual impairment. The cat manifested bilateral negative menace responses and dazzle reflexes and sluggish pupillary light reflexes. Bilateral fundus changes included generalized tapetal hyperreflectivity, advanced retinal vascular attenuation, and increased pallor of the optic disc. A diagnosis of bilateral retinal degeneration was made. The clinical findings suggest that the investigated Bengal cat was most likely to have an inherited retinal degeneration. Further studies of the Bengal cat breed are needed to determine the prevalence of inherited retinal degeneration in this breed in Korea.
Animals ; Cats ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Pallor ; Prevalence ; Reflex ; Retinal Degeneration ; Retinaldehyde ; Vision Disorders

A 10-year-old intact female Jindo dog was presented with a 1-week history of conjunctival redness and ocular discharge in the left eye. There was an absence of menace response, dazzle reflex, and direct pupillary light reflex. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy revealed corneal edema, ciliary flush, and aqueous flare. Intraocular pressure was 68 mmHg. Based on the information available, a diagnosis of glaucoma and uveitis was made. Subsequent histopathologic examination showed the glaucoma was produced by the effects of goniodysgenesis, posterior synechia, and pigment dispersion in the trabecular meshwork. This is the first report of primary glaucoma caused by goniodysgenesis in Jindo dogs.
Animals ; Aqueous Humor ; Child ; Corneal Edema ; Diagnosis ; Dogs ; Female ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Reflex ; Trabecular Meshwork ; Uveitis

A 4-year-old Chihuahua dog was referred for bilateral corneal ulcers. Slightly raised white fluorescein-positive plaque-like corneal lesions in both eyes appeared as intense hyperreflective areas with posterior shadowing on optical coherence tomography (OCT). Based on corneal cytology and culture, candida albicans-induced fungal keratitis was diagnosed. Despite treatment, on OCT, endothelial plaques, increased stromal infiltration thickness, vertical shapes of the ulcer edge, and necrotic stromal space were judged to be aggravation of the disease, and surgery was performed. Conjunctival grafting surgery with topical 1% voriconazole effectively resolved fungal keratitis. OCT can provide detailed and objective information related to the disease prognosis.

A 2-year-old intact female Bengal cat was presented with a 6-month history of visual impairment. The cat manifested bilateral negative menace responses and dazzle reflexes and sluggish pupillary light reflexes. Bilateral fundus changes included generalized tapetal hyperreflectivity, advanced retinal vascular attenuation, and increased pallor of the optic disc. A diagnosis of bilateral retinal degeneration was made. The clinical findings suggest that the investigated Bengal cat was most likely to have an inherited retinal degeneration. Further studies of the Bengal cat breed are needed to determine the prevalence of inherited retinal degeneration in this breed in Korea.

A 10-year-old intact female Jindo dog was presented with a 1-week history of conjunctival redness and ocular discharge in the left eye. There was an absence of menace response, dazzle reflex, and direct pupillary light reflex. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy revealed corneal edema, ciliary flush, and aqueous flare. Intraocular pressure was 68 mmHg. Based on the information available, a diagnosis of glaucoma and uveitis was made. Subsequent histopathologic examination showed the glaucoma was produced by the effects of goniodysgenesis, posterior synechia, and pigment dispersion in the trabecular meshwork. This is the first report of primary glaucoma caused by goniodysgenesis in Jindo dogs.

A 10-year-old, spayed female, Maltese dog presented with a 2-day history of severe left eye squint. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy showed a deep corneal defect stained into a doughnut shape together with hypopyon in the anterior chamber. Based on these results, a diagnosis of descemetocele and uveitis in the left eye was made. Deep keratotomy combined with a nictitating membrane flap effectively resolved the descemetocele without complications. The surgical procedures performed on this patient were easy and effective, and could be used as an alternative to graft surgery for descemetocele treatment.

To report multiple congenital ocular defects in a Bedlington terrier dog aged 2.5 months with blindness. Routine ophthalmic examinations were performed for the clinical signs. Menace responses and cotton ball test were absent in both eyes (OU), but pupillary light reflexes were normal in OU. Slit lamp biomicroscopy reveled corneal dystrophy, posterior subcapsular cataract, microphthalmia in OU and lenticular coloboma in the right eye. In indirect ophthalmoscopy and ultrasonography, retinal detachment and posterior lenticonus were shown in OU. It is the first report of lenticular coloboma and posterior lenticonus in a Bedlington terrier dog.
Aged ; Animals ; Blindness ; Cataract ; Coloboma ; Dogs ; Eye ; Humans ; Light ; Microphthalmos ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Reflex ; Retinal Detachment

This study was conducted to establish the feasibility of corneal transplantation using the big-bubble technique (BBT) to perform deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) in three dogs. After the cornea was trephined 750 µm, 4 mL of air was injected, and the blanched stroma was removed to expose Descemet's membrane (DM). The donor corneal button, which was gently stripped off the DM, was sutured onto the bare DM of the recipient cornea. The dogs received topical antibiotics every 6 h for 7 days and 2% cyclosporine ointment every 12 h for 1 month. The eyes were examined post-operatively at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 150 days. The central portion of the transplanted cornea stayed transparent while corneal haze developed around the transplanted margin. Menace response was normal even though the transplanted cornea was edematous until 3 weeks after surgery. A marginal haze was rarely observed between the donor and recipient corneas at 150 days after the operation. A spotted haze developed in the central part of the deep stroma near the DM. Upon histopathological examination, the stroma and epithelium of the donor cornea had normal structures. Corneal transplantation using DALK with BBT can be performed in dogs preserving the healthy endothelium.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cornea ; Corneal Transplantation* ; Cyclosporine ; Descemet Membrane ; Dogs* ; Endothelium ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Tissue Donors

An 8-year-old Shih Tzu, a 5-year-old Maltese, and a 10-year-old Maltese presented with conjunctival hyperemia and peripheral corneal edema. Severe conjunctival thickening with varying degrees of corneal extension was observed. Cytological examination showed many large lymphocytes with malignant changes in the conjunctiva which was consistent with findings in fine-needle aspiration samples taken from regional lymph nodes. They were diagnosed as having Stage V multicentric lymphoma. When conjunctival thickening is observed in canine patients with multicentric lymphoma, conjunctival metastasis with infiltration of neoplastic lymphoid cells should be included in the differential diagnosis.
Animals ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Conjunctiva ; Cornea ; Corneal Edema ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dogs ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Uvea