Choristoma ; Ear Diseases ; Female ; Glioma ; Humans ; Mastoid ; Middle Aged

AIM: To report the clinical manifestations of localized peripapillary detachment in pathologic myopia and to evaluate its underlying associations and causes.METHODS: From December 2002 to January 2004, 10eyes from 7 patients with high myopia were identified to have localized peripapillary detachment by optical coherent tomography (OCT). The features were described together with the fundus fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography and multifocal electroretinogram.RESULTS: Localised peripapillary detachments did not cause any symptoms by themselves and all the lesions were recognized because of other ocular problems. The areas of peripapillary detachment were all located within the posterior staphyloma. In the 5 eyes with type 1 staphyloma, the locations of detachment were all in the nasal half of the peripapillary area. In the other 5 eyes with type 2 and 3 staphyloma, the locations of detachment were all in the non-nasal peripapillary area. The difference between these two groups was statistically significant (Fisher's exact test, ,P= 0.01).CONCLUSION: Peripapillary detachment is probably a benign complication of posterior staphyloma in pathologic myopia. The site of peripapillary detachment is affected by the location of staphyloma and OCT is important in making the diagnosis.

AIM: To compare the effect of treating cataract by sodium hyaluronate injection and lens - loop nucleus extraction of small incision cataract excision and explore more suitable method to promote the use of surgery in primary hospital.
METHODS: All 146 cataract patients ( 166 eyes ) were allocated to two groups in random: the control group 78 patients ( 84 eyes ) received conventional lens loop for extracapsular cataract extraction;the experiment group 68 patients (82 eyes) underwent nucleus extraction in small incision with sodium hyaluronate injection for extracapsular cataract extraction. Postoperative visual acuity and intraoperative and postoperative complications were compared between two groups.
RESULTS: Incidence of posterior capsule rupture difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05) in small incision nucleus extraction with sodium hyaluronate injection compared with conventional lens loop for extracapsular cataract extraction. And there was no significant difference ( P> 0. 05 ) in postoperative visual acuity, astigmatism degree and postoperative complications compared with those of pre-operation.
CONCLUSION: Compared with the lens loop nucleus extraction, sodium hyaluronate injection for extracapsular cataract extraction can effectively protect the posterior lens capsule and can be promoted in small incision cataract surgery.

This study was designed to investigate inhibitory effects and possible mechanisms of snake venom tripeptide (pENW) on platelet adhesion in order to promote the development of a novel anti-platelet therapy. To study the inhibitory effects of pENW on platelet adhesion, washed platelets pre-incubated with pENW (116.5-466.2 μmol x L(-1)) were used to test the ability of platelet adhesion to fibrinogen. Effect of pENW on fibrin clot retraction was also tested. Effect of pENW on platelets viability was tested by MTT assay. Effect of pENW on reactive-oxygen species (ROS) levels of platelet was studied by flow cytometry assay. Calcium mobilization in Fura-2/AM-loaded platelets was monitored with a spectrofluorimeter. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), thromboxane A2 (determined as its metabolite thromboxane B2) were measured using enzyme immunoassay kits. Akt, ERK and p38 phosphorylation were tested by Western blot. The results showed that pENW inhibited platelet adhesion and fibrin clot retraction in a concentration-dependent manner without cytotoxicity. Intracellular cGMP and cAMP in both resting and thrombin-activated platelets were increased by pENW. In addition, pENW attenuated intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and TXA2 production in platelets stimulated by thrombin. As shown by Western blot assay, Akt, ERK and p38 phosphorylation in thrombin-induced platelet were attenuated by pENW. However, inhibitory effects of pENW had nothing to do with ROS. Thus, pENW exhibited a significant inhibition on platelet adhesion to fibrinogen, which means pENW could block the first step of thrombosis as while as retard the more stable clot formation. The mechanisms of pENW on inhibition platelet adhesion might be related to instant regulations, such as protein kinases.
Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; Blotting, Western ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cyclic AMP ; metabolism ; Cyclic GMP ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Phosphorylation ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Snake Venoms ; chemistry ; Thromboxane A2 ; metabolism ; Thromboxane B2 ; metabolism

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of early enteral nutrition after hepatectomy of hepatic carcinoma in China.Methods:The database such as CNKI,VIP,WANFANG DATA and CBM were searched electronically to collect the randomized controlled trials about enteral nutrition (EN) versus parenteral nutrition (PN) after hepatectomy.Meta-analyses were performed using the RvmanS.3 software.Results:Seven randomized controlled trials involving 460 patients were included.The analysis showed that the EN had significantly higher levels of albumin (WMD =1.17,95％ CI:0.45 ～ 1.89,P =0.001) and lower levels of aminotransferase (WMD =-3.95,95 ％ CI:-7.08 ～-0.81,P =0.O1) than those in the control group.The time of gastrointestinal function recovery in EN group was shorter than that in PN group.There was no significant difference in body weight and adverse reactions of gastrointestinal tract.Conclusion:Early enteral nutrition support for patients after hepatectomy of hepatic carcinoma shows certain advantages,which can improve the nutrition status and be in favor of the recovery of liver and gastrointestinal function.

Pneumonia is one of the most common medical complications after stroke.Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) can not only increase the length of hospital stay and medical cost of patients,but also an important risk factor for mortality and morbidity in patients with stroke.All these indicate that the importance of prediction and prevention of SAP.This article reviews the advances in research on the prediction and prevention of SAP.

A strain no.H5 isolated from Rhizophora stylosa Griff in Zhanjiang had a good antagonistic activity against Aspergillus niger,pathogen of Dracaena Sanderiana black-rot disease.It was identified as Bacillus licheniformis.Dual culture,mycelium growth rate and inhibitory zones were used to test the effect. Strong inhibition was shown against A.niger.Inhibitory ratios of H5 germ-free fermented filtrate on mycelium growth and conidial germination were 91.9%and 100%respectively.In addition,mycelia on the edge of antagonistic band became abnormal and over-branching.Meanwhile,a lot of vesicles appeared on the surface.When treated with heat,acid and alkali,the filtration of H5 was always with stable activity.Precipitate in 55%saturated ammonium sulfate dissolved in phosphate buffer solution maintained most of the activity after high pressure steam sterilization for 25 minutes.It was preliminarily considered as a kind of heat resistant protein.

Protective effect and mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) on acute reperfusion ventricular arrhthmia was investigated. Ventricular arrhythmia was induced by occlusion of the proximal left anterior descend (LAD) branch of coronary artery for 5 min and followed with 15 min reperfusion. EA on acupoint "Neiguan", "Jianshi" was performed at 30 min before ligation and continued another 5 min during ischemia. Isoprenaline (20, 30 and 50 microg/kg) or atropine (1 mg/ kg) was intravenously injected at 5 min before ischemia. The results showed that EA significantly decreased the incidence of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF) and mortality as compared to I/R group. Atropine partially suppressed the EA's effect of antiarrhythmia; Isoprenaline increased the incidence and severity of reperfusion arrhythmia, which was inhibited by EA, but this inhibition of EA was blocked with increasing dose of isoprenaline. The results indicated that EA treatment could prevent the occurrence of reperfusion ventricular arrhythmia in rats with myocardial ischemia, and its mechanism might be related to the regulation of EA on the beta-adrenoceptors and M-cholinergic receptor activation in myocardium.

Objective To study the changes of insulin- like growth factor- 1(IGF-1)in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in children with viral encephalitis (VE).Methods The IGF-1 levels in blood and CSF were determined before treatment by ELISA in 25 children who admitted with VE, including 15 cases with severe VE and another 10 cases with mild VE, 10 children served as con-trols. Results Before treatment, the blood IGF-1 levels in VE group were significantly lower than those of controls, but the CSF IGF-1 levels were significantly higher than those of controls(P0.05), but the blood IGF-1 levels in serve VE group were significanfly lower than those of mild VE group and controls(P

Objective: To determine total phenylethanoid glycoside and acteoside in Plantago Herba to provide reference for evaluating the quality of medicinal materials.Methods: With acteoside as the control sample, a UV visible spectrophotometric method was used to determine total phenylethanoid glycosides in Plantago Herba.An HPLC method was applied to determine acteoside in Plantago Herba , and the conditions were as follows: an ODS2 C 18 (150 mm× 4.6 mm ,5 μm) chromatographic column was used with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid (13∶87) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 ml·min-1 , the detection wavelength was 332nm, the column temperature was 30℃, and the sample volume was 10 μl.Results: The reference solution and the sample solution had the maximum absorption at 332 nm, and the linear relationship was good within the range of 0.003 1-0.155 0 mg·ml-1 (r=0.999 5).The content of total benzene alcohol glycosides in 3 batches of samples was 2.73% , 2.61% and 2.84% , respectively;acteoside over the range of 0.000 6-0.155 0 mg·ml-1 (r=0.999 1) showed a good linear relationship with peak area,the sample recovery was 98.5% and the RSD was 1.6% (n =6), and the acteoside content in 3 batches of samples respectively was 0.54% , 0.51% and 0.56%.Conclusion: The method is simple, accurate and reproducible, and can be used for the determination of total phenylethanoid glycosides and acteoside in Plantago Herba.