Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Pharyngeal Neoplasms ; Polyps ; Pyriform Sinus ; pathology

Objective To explore the consistency of knee articular cartilage defect area by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)and arthroscopy.Methods Thirty-six patients (36 knees)with knee cartilage lesions were collected in our study.The defect area meas-urement of knee articular cartilage by MRI and arthroscopy was compared.Results A total of 92 lesions were detected by both MRI and arthroscopy with an average of 2.6 defects per knee.Preoperative MRI resultes demonstrated the mean defect area per knee was (1.9±1.5)cm2 ,while arthroscopic measurement after debridement indicated the mean defect area per knee was (2.9±2.6)cm2 , which had significant difference(P <0.001).The area measured by MRI was less than that by arthroscopy,and the mean difference was (1.7 ± 1.1)cm2 .The mean area measured by MRI was 70.1% of that by arthroscopy.Conclusion Arthroscopy and MR have good consistency in the number of articular cartilage defect lesions .MRI can reflect the knee articular cartilage defect area directly or indirectly,and be capable of accurate positioning and qualitative diagnosis.

Protective effect and mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) on acute reperfusion ventricular arrhthmia was investigated. Ventricular arrhythmia was induced by occlusion of the proximal left anterior descend (LAD) branch of coronary artery for 5 min and followed with 15 min reperfusion. EA on acupoint "Neiguan", "Jianshi" was performed at 30 min before ligation and continued another 5 min during ischemia. Isoprenaline (20, 30 and 50 microg/kg) or atropine (1 mg/ kg) was intravenously injected at 5 min before ischemia. The results showed that EA significantly decreased the incidence of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF) and mortality as compared to I/R group. Atropine partially suppressed the EA's effect of antiarrhythmia; Isoprenaline increased the incidence and severity of reperfusion arrhythmia, which was inhibited by EA, but this inhibition of EA was blocked with increasing dose of isoprenaline. The results indicated that EA treatment could prevent the occurrence of reperfusion ventricular arrhythmia in rats with myocardial ischemia, and its mechanism might be related to the regulation of EA on the beta-adrenoceptors and M-cholinergic receptor activation in myocardium.

ObjectiveTo explore the possibility of repairing sciatic nerve gap of rats with artifical nerve graft.MethodsA novel artifical nerve guide was developed and used to suture the 15 milimeter long right sciatic nerve gap of 10 rats, other 7 rats were the control with the right sciatic nerve gap alone.2 and 4 monthes after operation, immunohistochemistry, Osmium staining, Bodian staining,motor end plate staining,WGA-HRP stain tracing have been done to observe the effect of repairing.Results2 months after operations, the sciatic nerve gap were repaired by the regeneration nerve.There was not evident inflammation in the defects.ConclusionsThe artifical nerve graft can induce the nerve to regenerate.

Adult ; China ; Genes, Viral ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C ; virology ; Humans ; Methadone ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Opioid-Related Disorders ; virology

OBJECTIVETo study the roles of IL-4, IL-5 and IgE in childhood cough variant asthma (CVA).

METHODSThe IL-4 and IL-5 levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and the serum IgE levels were determined using ELISA in children with CVA in the acute stage (n=21) and in the convalesce stage (n=9). The samples from 30 children with acute bronchial asthma and from 30 healthy children were used as controls.

RESULTSThe levels of PBMC IL-4 (91.57 +/- 12.19 ng/L) and IL-5 (13.28 +/- 0.31 ng/mL) in children with CVA in the acute stage were significantly higher than those in the convalesce stage (74.68 +/- 11.54 ng/L, 6.53 +/- 0.28 ng/mL) and also higher than those in the healthy controls (70.32 +/- 18.16 ng/L, 5.29 +/- 0.36 ng/mL) (P < 0.01). The levels of serum IgE in children with CVA in the acute stage (279.6 +/- 41.3 KU /L) were strikingly higher than those in the convalesce stage (153.8 +/- 37.5 KU/L) (P < 0.01). The levels of serum IgE in children with CVA either in the acute stage or in the convalesce stage were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (90.6 +/- 44.8 KU /L) (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in the levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IgE between children with acute CVA and acute asthma.

CONCLUSIONSA combined determination of PBMC IL-4 and IL-5 and serum IgE may be valuable for the diagnosis and the outcome evaluation of CVA. IL-4 and IL-5 may play a role in the pathogenesis of CVA. It is speculated that CVA may have similar pathogenesis to bronchial asthma since acute CVA patients have similar IL-4, IL-5 and IgE levels to children with acute bronchial asthma.

Asthma ; immunology ; Child, Preschool ; Cough ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Infant ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; physiology ; Interleukin-5 ; blood ; physiology ; Male

In the current study, a total of nineteen triterpenoids (1-19) from 60% EtOH extracts of Stauntonia obovatifoliola Hayata subsp. intermedia stems were separated and purified by solvent extraction and chromatographic methods including silica gel, ODS as well as preparative HPLC. According to the results of chemical reactions and spectral data, compounds were identified as: lupeol (1), betulinonic acid (2), betulinic acid (3), 3-epi-betulinic acid (4), quinatic acid (5), 24-O-acetyl quinatic acid (6), 3-O-α- L-arabinopyranosyl-30-nor-hederagenin-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 4) -β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (7), Stauntoside A (8), kalopanax saponin A (9), kalopanax saponin J (10), Kizuta saponin K10 (11), 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1--> 2) -α-L-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin-28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (12), kalopanax saponin B (13), 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2) -α-L-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (14), sieboldianoside A (15), septemoside A (16), kalopanax saponin K (17), septemloside I (18), and 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl (1 --> 2)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl- hederagenin (19). Among them, compounds 4, 6, 10, 12, 14, and 16-19 were isolated from the Stauntonia genus for the first time, and compound 6 was a new natural product.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Magnoliopsida ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Triterpenes ; chemistry

Background Proliferation of the human Tenon capsule fibroblasts(HTFs) is a main cause of failure of filtering surgery.To search the drug of inhibiting the growth of the HTFs is essential for the improvement of successful rate of filtering surgery.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of apigenin on HTFs and its mechanism.Methods Human Tenon capsular tissue was obtained during the strabismus correction surgery.HTFs was primarily cultured using explant method and identified using vimentin by immunochemistry.The 3-5 generation of cells were incubated to 96-well plate.Apigenin of 0,20,40,80,160 μmol/L was added into the medium,respectively,for 24,48,72 hours,and the proliferation of HTFs was detected by sulfonyl chloride (SRB) at the wavelength of 560 nm (A560).Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) of 10 μg/L was added to culture the cells for 48 hours to calculate the labeling rate of BrdU.The morphology of the cells was observed using Hoechst 33258 staining,and apoptosis and cells cycle were evaluated by flow cytometry.Results Cultured cells grew well with the positive response for vimentin,showing the green fluorescence in cytoplasm.SRB assay showed that the A560 value was gradually declined with the increase of the dosage of apigenin and prolong of time (Fgroup =480.306,P =0.000 ; Ftime =555.144,P =0.000).The labeling rate after 0,40,80 μmol/L apigenin acted for 48 hours was (87.860 ±0.632)％,(61.520±4.306)％ and (23.480±4.472)％,showing a significant difference among the three groups (F =299.347,P =0.000).The labeling rate of HTFs for BrdU was significantly decreased in the 40 and 80 μmol/L apigenin groups compared with the 0 μmol/L apigenin group (P＜0.05).Hoechse 33258 staining found that the number of the HTFs was gradually decreased and the cell number of karyopyknosis and nuclear deformation was increased with the increase of apigenin dosage.Percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase were raised and that in S and G2/M phase were declined in the higher dosage apigenin group,with a significant difference among the different groups (FG0/G1 =58.621,P=0.000;Fs =32.357,P=0.001 ;FG2/M =83.998,P=0.000).In the 72nd hour after acted by 0,40,80,160 μmol/L apigenin,the apoptosis rate of HTFs was (4.77±0.21) ％,(13.24±1.35)％,(18.33±1.86) ％,(31.58 ± 2.77) ％,respectively,with a statistically significant difference among the four groups (F =204.791,P＜0.05).Conclusions Apigenin restrains the growth of HTFs by evoking G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and inducing apoptosis in a dosage-and time-dependent manner.

Objective To survey knowledge of the local people's understanding of Brucellosis,and to explore the risk factors for brucellosis infection,and to determine the key issue of next comprehensive health promotion intervention.Methods Two counties,Yanggao and Guangling,which are old endemic areas with Brucellosis in history,and with epidemic rebounding in recent years,were selected.The survey was carried out by two stage stratified cluster sampling method.The questionnaires included respondents' demographic data(gender,age,education level,etc.),Brucellosis (hereinafter referred to as Brucellosis) knowledge of the investigation and behavior and attitude of people toward the measure for control of Brucellosis.Results A total of 5372 people were investigated in two counties of which 62.7％(3362/5372) of farmers.The investigated crowd had low culture level.The awareness of Brucellosis infection route of Yanggao and Guangling counties were 84.03％ (2379/2831) and 333％(847/2541 ).The average awareness of Brucellosis infection route was 18.60％(6001/32 260).In the investigation of knowledge on Brucellosis prevention of the two counties,29％ believed that it was necessary to wear gloves to process flow product,and 70％ of people answered do not know.For farmers on how to deal with dead animals,results showed that 79.1％(664/839) in Yanggao choose to sell dead animals to the market; 61.2％ (267/361) in Guangling choose to kill and bury,there were inappropriate treatment on handling of ill and dead animals in the two counties.Conclusions Spread of Brucellosis is caused mainly due to emphasis on the disease is not enough,and inappropriate handling of dead livestock.Measures like strengthening health education and behavioral intervention,increasing public awareness of the disease prevention and ability to change the incorrect way of life and cognitive concepts,can effectively reduce human infection and the spread of Brucellosis.

Objective To know the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD) and the implementation of control measures against the disorders in high-risk areas of Hainan province. Methods Typical sampling principle was used. Eight townships with lower coverage rate of iodized salt were chosen in IDD high-risk counties of Hainan. New cretinism cases were screened among children aged 10 years and under. Intelligence quotient (IQ)value, urinary iodine (UI) concentration and thyroid gland size (by palpation and B ultrasonic) were investigated in children aged 8 to 10 years and questionnaire was also carried out among students from grade 5 in elementary school. Edible salt and urine of women of childbearing age were collected to detect iodine levels, respectively,questionnaire was also carried out among the women of childbearing age. The UI was determined by As3-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometer, the salt iodine level was determined using self-quantitative kit. IQ values were measured by the Combined Raven Test in China (CRT-C2). Results Seventy-two townships were investigated in three consecutive years, 7937 children aged 8 to 10 years, 1797 women of childbearing age and 4128 students of grade 5 were included in the survey. One child was diagnosed as suspected new cretinism case. The coverage rate of iodized salt was increased from 44.6%(629/1411) in 2007 to 92.1%(1688/1832) in 2009. The goiter rate was dropped from 5.9% (269/4548), 6.0% (274/4548) in 2007 to 1.6% (24/1461), 0.1% (2/1461) in 2009 bypalpation, and by B-ultrasound, respectively, in children aged 8 to 10 years. The median urinary iodine(MUI) was found to be increased from 97.4 μg/L in 2007 to 165.0 μg/L in 2009, and the percentage of UI less than 50.0 μg/L, and 100.0 μg/L were dropped from 21.4%(973/4548), 51.2%(2329/4548) in 2007 to 7.5 %(110/1461), 23.4%(342/1461) in 2009, respectively. The MUI of women of childbearing age was found to be elevated from 73.7 μg/L in 2007 to 126.1 μg/L in 2009, and the value was also increased from 55.7 μg/L to 121.5 μg/L in pregnant women, but these values were still lower than 150.0 μg/L The pass rate of the questionnaire of IDD controlling among the students of grade 5 and the women of childbearing age was raised from 29.8% (446/1495) ,24.1% (179/742) in 2007 to 65.8%(732/1112), 72.1%(264/366) in 2009, respectively. The mean IQ of children was 90.4±16.0, and the percentage of IQ value less than 69 was 12.6% (1000/7937). Conclusions The diseased state of IDD has improved in the high-risk counties of disorders in Hainan province, but the pregnant women are still iodine deficient. Iodine supplimentation should be promoted among pregnant women.