As a rising histological specimen carrier,digital slide has advantages of easy search and fast browse.By digital scanning and stitching of traditional slides and uploading traditional slides as well as pathological information to network servers,the construction of digital slides data can take its own superiority to assist forensic medicine teaching.Combined with our research and teaching experience,this article discussed the application prospects of digital slide technology and digital slides data so as to provide references for the improvement and reformation of forensic medicine education.

This study examined the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) therapy at different time windows on learning and memory ability of rats with cerebral infarction and the underlying mechanism. Two hundred SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal group, sham-operated group, model group and EA+TMS group, and each group was then divided into five sub-groups in terms of the different time to start treatment post operation: 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. Cerebral infarction models were established in the model and the EA+TMS groups by left middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). After treatment for 14 d, the Morris water maze test was applied to examine the spatial learning and memory abilities of rats. In infarcted area, the expression of caspase-3 was immunohistochemically detected, and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to measure the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA. The results showed that in EA+TMS group compared with model group at the same treatment time windows, the escape latency was substantially shortened, the expression of caspase-3 was considerably decreased and the expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA significantly increased (P<0.05). In the EA+TMS sub-groups, the escape latency was shortest, the expression level of caspase-3 lowest, and the expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA highest at the treatment time window of 24 h. It was concluded that EA combined with TMS can promote neurological function of rats with cerebral infarction by increasing the expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA and decreasing the expression of caspase-3. The best time window is 24 h after perfusion treatment to ischemia.

This study examined the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) therapy at different time windows on learning and memory ability of rats with cerebral infarction and the underlying mechanism. Two hundred SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal group, sham-operated group, model group and EA+TMS group, and each group was then divided into five sub-groups in terms of the different time to start treatment post operation: 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. Cerebral infarction models were established in the model and the EA+TMS groups by left middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). After treatment for 14 d, the Morris water maze test was applied to examine the spatial learning and memory abilities of rats. In infarcted area, the expression of caspase-3 was immunohistochemically detected, and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to measure the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA. The results showed that in EA+TMS group compared with model group at the same treatment time windows, the escape latency was substantially shortened, the expression of caspase-3 was considerably decreased and the expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA significantly increased (P<0.05). In the EA+TMS sub-groups, the escape latency was shortest, the expression level of caspase-3 lowest, and the expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA highest at the treatment time window of 24 h. It was concluded that EA combined with TMS can promote neurological function of rats with cerebral infarction by increasing the expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA and decreasing the expression of caspase-3. The best time window is 24 h after perfusion treatment to ischemia.
Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; physiology ; Cerebral Infarction ; physiopathology ; Learning ; physiology ; Memory ; physiology ; Neurons ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ; methods

Action Potentials ; Animals ; Electromyography ; Environmental Exposure ; Hypothermia ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Seawater ; Thigh ; physiology ; physiopathology

Nanotechnology has shown obvious advantages in the field of medical treatment and diagnosis. Through the encapsulation of nano carriers, drugs not only enhance the therapeutic effect and reduce toxic and side effects, but also become intelligent responsive targeted drug systems through the modification on the surface of nano carriers. However, due to the obstacles in relevant basic research, production conditions, cost, clinical trials, and the lack of pharmacokinetic research on various drug loading systems, few nano systems have been used in therapy. In order to solve the above problems, this paper reviewed and analyzed the research progress of nano carriers in drug delivery, including their auxiliary role and characteristics, types and functions, pharmacokinetics, application prospects and challenges.

Objective To compare antitussive and expectorant effects between endophytes from Glycyrrhiza uralensis and decoction,and filtrate effective strains.Methods A total of 84 Kunming mice were randomly divided into blank group,positive control group,Glycyrrhiza decoction group,3 groups of endophytes (JTYB006 group,JTYB029 group,JTYF023 group).There are two batches of mice altogether.Blank group was given the injection of 0.9％ NaCl.Positive control group was given 30 mg · kg-1 codeine phosphate tablets.Glycyrrhiza decoction group was given 1.3 g · kg-1 wild Glycyrrhiza decoction.Three groups of endophytes were respectively given 1.3 g · kg-1 powder of endophytes.Six groups were given the corresponding dose by intragastric administration once a day,for 7 days.1 hour after the last medication,the mice cough models were respectively induced by ammonia and SO2.The antitussive effects were evaluated by median effective dose time (EDT50),R-value,the incubation period of cough,the times of cough within 2 minutes,inhibition ratio of cough and extension ratio of cough.70 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups,these were blank group,model group,positive control group,Glycyrrhiza decoction group,3 groups of endophytes(JTYB006,JTYB029,JTYF023).The rat model of phlegm blocking in lung was established by inhaleing SO2 and clod wind for 10 days.10 days later,the blank group was given the injection of 0.9％ NaCl,positive control group was given 0.08 mg · kg-1 compound bulbus fritilillariae cirr hosate and ammonium chloride tablets,Glycyrrhiza decoction group was given 0.95 g · kg-1 wild Glycyrrhiza decoction,3 groups of endophytes were respectively given 0.95 g · kg-1 powder of endophytes.Seven groups were given the corresponding dose by intragastric administration once a day for 7 days.The general activities,the amount of phlegm and pathological of lung tissues were measured.In addition,the levels of nitric oxide (NO),tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α),interleukin-17 (IL-17) and IL-23 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) method.Results The EDT50 in blank group was 13.00 s,which in positive control,Glycyrrhiza decoction,JTYB006,JTYB029,JTYF023 groups were 30.09,20.32,18.45,25.03,16.52 s,the EDT50 of all drug intervention groups extended.Positive control,Glycyrrhiza decoction and JTYB029 groups had the obvious effect (R ＞ 150),JTYB006 had the effect of relieving cough (130 ＜ R ＜ 150),JTYF023 was invalidity(R ＜ 130).For cough caused by SO2,the incubation period of cough in blank group was (14.67 ± 7.20) s and positive control,Glycyrrhiza decoction,JTYB006,JTYB029 groups (28.00 ± 8.15),(25.83 ±9.35),(20.58 ±6.52),(26.50 ±5.32)s with statistically significant difference (P ＜0.01 or P ＜0.05).The times of cough within 2 minutes in blank group was(78.92 ± 19.06) and positive control,Glycyrrhiza decoction,JTYB006,JTYB029 groups were (47.42 ± 19.96),(57.67 ± 19.04),(63.15 ± 15.30),(44.25 ± 16.87) with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05).Compared with Glycyrrhiza decoction,JTYB006 and JTYF023 had remarkable short on the incubation period of cough,JTYB029 had remarkable reduction on the times of cough within 2 minutes(P ＜0.01 or P ＜0.05).In model,positive control,Glycyrrhiza decoction and JTYB029 groups,the amount of phlegm were (14.47 ± 3.30),(7.26 ± 4.55),(8.45 ± 3.78),(8.23 ± 1.19) mm,the levels of NO were (51.57±8.33),(30.02 ±2.65),(39.10 ±9.63),(39.25 ± 10.20)μmol · L-1,the levels of TNF-α were (654.80±56.40),(282.56 ±70.81),(400.24 ±78.03),(410.86 ±68.74) ng· mL-1,the levels of IL-17 were (66.28 ±9.34),(39.10 ±6.27),(50.20 ±9.05),(48.70 ± 10.28)pg · mL-1,the levels of IL-23 were (29.04 ±3.55),(16.02 ±3.60),(20.11 ±2.96),(21.25 ±3.40)pg · mL-1 Compared with the model group,Glycyrrhiza decoction and JTYB029 had remarkable decreasions in the terms of the amount of phlegm and the levels of NO,TNF-o,IL-17 and IL-23 (P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion By filtrating,2 endophytes from Glycyrrhiza uralensis (JTYB006,JTYB029) have antitussive effects,and 1 endophytes from Glycyrrhiza uralensis (JTYB029) has expectorant effects.The antitussive and expectorant effects have no significant difference between wild Glycyrrhiza'decoction and JTYB029.

Objective To identify endophytes from Glycyrrhiza uralensis and study their anti-inflammatory effects in vivo and in vitro.Methods RAW264.7 cells in the logarithm growth period were made 1 × 106 cell · mL-1 to be single cell suspension.The blank group was added with 1640 culture medium,the model group was added with 1 mg mL-1 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)for culture,the control group was added with Glycyrrhiza water extracts(10,20,40 mg · L-1),and experimental group was added with 10,20,40 mg · L-1 endophyte fermentation products (JTYB006,JTYB012,JTYB029,JTYF023) for 2 h of treatment,then 1 nag · L-1 LPS was added for stimulation.The content of nitric oxide (NO) were measured by Griess,and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were measured by ELISA.Kunming mice were randomly divided into 7 groups:model,control Ⅰ,control Ⅱ,experimental Ⅰ,experimental Ⅱ,experimental Ⅲ,experimental Ⅳ.Then xylene-induced mouse ear edema test and Glacial acetic acid-induced mouse abdominal capillary permeability increase test were conducted.Results Three strains of endophytic bacterium are Bacillus,belonging to 3 species,and 1 strain of endophytic fungi is Aspergillus ochraceus.The contents of NO,PGE2 and IL-1β were (89.53 ± 8.02) μmol · L-1,(420.85 ± 57.85) pg · mL-1,(35.24 ± 5.77) pg · mL-1 in model group.When the mass concentration was maintained at 40mg· L-1,the contents of NO were (65.60 ±4.31),(63.48 ±6.89),(62.30 ±5.92),(56.47 ±7.26) μmol · L-1,the contents of PGE2 were(254.07 ±43.62),(295.40 ±49.13),(280.65 ±52.91),(296.42 ±54.90) pg·mL-1,the contents of IL-1β were(21.34 ±5.36),(20.65 ±4.78),(16.67 ±3.98),(22.54 ±5.30)pg · mL-1 in 4 experimental groups.Comparison between model group and experimental groups showed that the differences were significant (P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01).The ear swelling degree and the absorbance of abdominal Flushing fluid in model group were 17.99 ± 1.60,0.28 ±0.02.The ear swelling degree were 15.05 ± 2.38,13.68 ± 2.69,15.36 ±2.03,the absorbance of abdominal Flushing fluid were 0.24 ±0.04,0.18 ±0.05,0.21 ±0.05 in experimental Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ groups.By comparison between model group and experimental groups,the differences were significant (P ＜0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The fermentations of endophytes in 3 strains (JTYB006,JTYB029 and JTYF023) have anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo.

Objective:To observe and explore the clinical therapeutic effects of a self-developed novel low-temperature boric acid wet dressing on the face and neck wounds of patients with superficial burns.Methods:A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. One hundred cases of superficial burn (sunburn) patients who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to Department of Dermatology of Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2016 to June 2018, the course of sunburn was less than 15 days. According to the of random number table, the patients were divided into new dressing (ND) group (30 males and 20 females, aged (55±14) years) and conventional dressing (CD) group (28 males and 22 females, aged (59±12) years). Patients in ND group were treated with a self-developed new low-temperature boric acid wet dressing, and patients in CD group were treated with normal temperature boric acid solution wet dressing, 3 times a day. The Eczema area and severity index (EASI) score and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score of patients before and 14 days after treatment (patients discharged from hospital within 14 days were recorded on the day of discharge), the number of cured patients at 6, 8, 10, and 11 to 14 days after treatment, and the efficacy were compared between the patients in 2 groups. The nurse operators were investigated by self-made convenience questionnaire, and the time and convenience required of 2 dressings were compared. Data were statistically analyzed with independent sample t test or Mann-Whitey U test. Results:Before the treatment, the EASI and VAS score in those two groups showed no significantly difference ( t=1.576, 1.492, P>0.05). At 14 days after treatment, the EASI score (2.4±0.4) points in ND Group was significantly lower than (4.6±0.7) points in CD Group ( t=3.552, P<0.01); the VAS score (0.51±0.12) points in ND Group was significantly lower than (0.98±0.19) points in CD Group ( t=3.496, P<0.01). At 14 days after treatment, the cured time of sunburns in ND Group was significantly shorter than that in CD Group ( Z=-6.690, P<0.01); the treatment effects of ND Group showed better than that in CD Group ( Z=3.387, P<0.01). The time for nurses operating ND was significantly shorter than that in CD ( Z=-5.575, P<0.01); the nurses also believed the operation of ND was more convenient than CD ( Z=-4.304, P<0.01). Conclusions:Compared with that of CD, the application of ND can shorten the recovery time and improve the treatment efficiency. At the same time, the application of ND can significantly reduce the time of nursing operations, and the material is easy to use. This new material is worthy of clinical promotion for the treatment of superficial burns.

OBJECTIVETo introduce the advantages of the circumcision with a scalpel by inserting a piece of gauze between the inner prepuce and superficial fascia.

METHODSFrom November 2000 to March 2006, 2 100 patients with redundant prepuce, aged 6-78 years, averaging 23, were circumcised with a scalpel by inserting a piece of gauze between the inner prepuce and superficial fascia. Of all the cases, 1 799 (85.7%) were classified as Type I, 237 (11.3%) as Type II and 64 (3.0%) as Type III redundant prepuce. The mean operation time was 20 minutes (15-35 min).

RESULTSThe incisions were all healed in one stage, with good appearance, no infection and no disruption. Bleeding occurred in 12 cases 648 hours after the operation and delayed bleeding in 3 cases.

CONCLUSIONThe circumcision with a scalpel by inserting a piece of gauze between the inner prepuce and superficial fascia, with easier performance, fewer complications and less bleeding, and capable of preserving more and continuous superficial fascia and giving a better appearance, well deserves to be popularized in clinical practice.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Circumcision, Male ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phimosis ; surgery ; Surgical Sponges

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of percutaneous transhepatic radiofrequency ablation (PRFA) combined with tumor edge of percutaneous absolute ethanol injection (PEI) on liver cancer adjacent to major blood vessels.

METHODSSeventy five patients with liver cancer adjacent to major blood vessels were randomly divided into two groups: PRFA+PEI therapy group (38 cases) and PRFA control group (37 cases). Tumor necrosis rate, AFP levels, local recurrence rate, median for survival time and cum survival were used as the evaluation index to evaluate the efficacies of the two methods.

RESULTSTumor necrosis rates of the therapy group and the control group were 84.2% and 54.1% (P < 0.01), respectively; AFP levels of therapy group and control group at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment were (105.0 ± 35.5) μg/L, (28.4 ± 4.3) μg/L, (58.6 ± 6.7) μg/L, (89.5 ± 12.5) μg/L and (137.2 ± 34.6) μg/L, (84.2 ± 18.4) μg/L, (106.6 ± 20.3) μg/L, (173.7 ± 32.0) μg/L, respectively. The rates of therapy group was significantly lower than of control group. Local recurrence rates of the therapy group and control group were 2.6%, 7.9%, 13.2% and 31.6% vs 10.8%, 21.6% , 40.5% and 62.1% (P < 0.05) at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after treatment, respectively. Median for survival time of the therapy group and control group were 28.0 ± 2.8 months and 19.0 ± 3.6 months, respectively. Cum survival of the therapy group and control group were 84.2%, 78.9%, 60.5% and 31.6% vs 78.4%, 67.6%, 37.8% and 8.1% (P < 0.05) at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months after treatment, respectively.

CONCLUSIONPEI as a supplementary treatment of PRFA can effectively improve the treatment of liver cancer adjacent to major blood vessels and significantly reduce the local recurrence rate and improve long-term survival rates.

Adult ; Aged ; Bile Duct Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; therapy ; Catheter Ablation ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Ethanol ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome