Objective To evaluate the role of activator protein-1 (AP-1) in the up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rats.Methods Forty-eight healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 200-220 g,aged 2.5-3.0 months,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=12 each): normal control group (group C),ALI group,curcumin + ALI group (group Cur+ ALI),and curcumin group (group Cur).In groups C and ALI,normal saline 0.5 ml and LPS 10 mg/kg (0.5 ml) were injected intravenously,respectively,30 min after 0.1％ dimethyl sulfoxide (the vehicle for curcumin) 0.5 ml was injected intraperitoneally.In groups Cur+ ALl and Cur,curcumin 20 mg/kg (0.5 ml) was injected intraperitoneally,and 30 min later LPS 10 mg/kg and normal saline 0.5 ml were injected,respectively.The rats were then sacrificed at 6 h after injection of LPS.The lungs were removed for microscopic examination.The pathological changes of the lung were scored.The malondialdehyde (MDA) content,superoxide dismutase (SOD)activity and expression of HO-1,AP-1 and HO-1 mRNA in lung tissues were determined.Results Compared with group C,the pathological score and MDA content were significantly increased,the SOD activity was significantly decreased,and the expression of HO-1,AP-1 and HO-1 mRNA was up-regulated in groups ALl and Cur +AL(l) (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group Cur (P ＞ 0.05).The pathological score and MDA content were significantly higher,and the SOD activity and expression of HO-1,AP-1 and HO-1 mRNA were significantly lower in group Cur + ALl than in group ALI(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Transcription factor AP-1 activation is involved in the up-regulation of HO-1 expression during LPS-induced ALI in rats.

Objective To observe the efficacy of a medical disinfectant ultrasonic coupling agent on the killing of five clinically isolated multidrug-resistant organisms(MDROs).Methods From March 2016 to May 2017,a disin-fection ultrasonic coupling agent containing active ingredient,including triclosan and propylene glycol,was used to conduct carrier quantitative germicidal test on five clinically isolated MDROs,the killing efficacy to MDROs was ob-served.Results After 1.5,3.0,and 4.5 minute disinfection time,the killing logarithms values of disinfection ultra-sonic coupling agent to five MDROs(multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter bau m annii[MDR-AB],methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus[MRSA],multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa[MDR-PA],carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae[CRKP],and extended-spectrum β-lactamase Escherichia coli[ESBLs-EC])were all>3.0. Conclusion Medical disinfection ultrasonic coupling agent can effectively kill five common MDROs,and can take the place of disinfectant during ultrasonic examination.

Objective To evaluate the treatment outcomes and toxicities of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) combined with chemotherapy for children and adolescents with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Forty-three nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients less than 19 years old were recruited between April 2010 and April 2016.All patients were treated with IMRT (total dose 61.2-76 Gy) combined with cisplatin based chemotherapy.The Kaplan-Meier test was used to calculate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).The patient's clinical characteristics,side effects and longterm effects of treatment were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among 43 patients,there were 29 (67.4％) male and 14 (32.6％) female,and the median age was 14 years old (range,6-18 years).According to AJCC 7thstaging system,2 patients were in stage Ⅱ,26 in stage Ⅲ,7 in stage ⅣA and 8 in stage Ⅳ B.All patients were confirmed as non-keratinizing carcinoma.The positive rates of EB virus VCAIgA was 53.8％ (7/13),and Rta-IgG was 60.0％ (6/10) before treatment.The median radiation dose was 70 Gy (range,61.2-76 Gy) to the primary tumor.Thirty-three (76.7％) patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy,with 20 (46.5％) and 36 (83.7％) patients treated by concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy,respectively.With a median follow-up of 24 months (range,3-76 months),the 5-year OS and PFS ratios were 75.3％ and 64.7％,respectively.There were 5 patients (11.6％) occurred to bone metastasis within 2 years after treatment.Hypothyroidism was reported in 47.4％ (9/19) patients after IMRT.Conclusions Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in childhood and adolescence is mostly locally advanced diseases with poor differentiation.IMRT combined with chemotherapy produce a well treatment outcome with good tolerance in children and adolescents patients.The most common treatment failure bone metastasis.Radiation-induced hypothyroidism is common.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)is a high incidence of potentially dangerous disease,characterized by intermittent hypoxia or hypercapnia.It is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke.Currently a number of studies have confirmed OSA closely associated with oxidative stress.In this paper,the complex mechanisms of oxidative stress in the OSA and the occurrence of stroke will be reviewed,such as promoting atherosclerosis,damaging the mitochondria,ischemia -reperfusion injury,ischemic preconditioning.To investigate the relationship between OSA,oxidative stress and stroke from molecular mechanisms.

No abstract available.
Intervertebral Disc*

Objective To evaluate the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) at Zusanli and Feishu on endotoxin shock-induced acute lung injury in rabbits.Methods Sixty healthy male New Zealand white rabbits aged 2 months weighing 1.5-2.0 kg were randomly divided into 6 groups (n =10 each):group sham operation (group S); group zinc protoporphyrin-Ⅸ (ZnPP-Ⅸ) (group Z); group lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (group L); group LPS + EA (group EL) ; group LPS + sham EA (group SEL) and group LPS + EA + ZnPP-Ⅸ (group ELZ).The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 10％ chloral hydrate 400 mg/kg and tracheostomized.The animals kept spontaneous breathing.Right internal carotid artery was cannulated for BP monitoring.Ear vein was cannulated for drug administration.LPS 5 mg/kg was injected iv in groups L,EL,SEL,ELZ.Endotoxin shock was confirmed by decrease in BP by 20 ％ of the baseline value and PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300.ZnPP-Ⅸ (heme oxygenase (HO-1 ) inhibitor)10μmol/kg was injected intraperitoneal at 2 h after LPS injection in groups Z and ELZ.Bilateral 15 min EA stimulation of Zusanli and Feishu ( according to atlas of animal acu-points) was performed once a day for 5 days before LPS administration in groups EL and ELZ.The animals were sacrificed by blood-letting at 6 h after LPS administration.The lungs were removed for microscopic examination (0 =no injury,4 =most severe injury),detection of alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis (by TUNEL) and determination of HO-1 protein and mRNA expression.Results LPS significantly increased lung injury scores,alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis index (the number of apoptotic cells/total cells) and HO-1 protein and mRNA expression.EA significantly attenuated lung injury and alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis induced by LPS and further increased the expression of HO-1 protein and mRNA in group EL as compared with group L.The protective effects of EA was counteracted by ZnPP- Ⅸ in group ELZ.Conclusion EA at Zusanli and Feishu can attenuate endotoxin shock-induced lung injury by up-regulation of HO-1 expression and inhibiting alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis in the lung.

AIM: To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuations measured at home and in the clinic over a 24-hour period.METHODS: A prospective investigational study.A total of 120 Chinese participants were selected from five communities in the Chengdu area.Patients underwent a clinical interview and IOP was measured both at home and in the clinic.IOP were measured at 8 a.m., 10 a.m., 12 a.m., 2 p.m., 4 p.m., 6 p.m., 8 p.m., 10 p.m., 2 a.m., 6 a.m.using the same pneumatonometer.Measurements were taken in the sitting position.RESULTS: The average 24-hour IOP measured in the clinic was slightly lower than that at home.The mean difference in 24-hour IOP measurements between home and clinic was 0.27 mmHg.The IOP fluctuation in the clinic was higher than at home (the mean difference was 0.01 mmHg).There was no statistically significant difference in the average 24-hour IOP measured at home vs in the clinic.The average IOP measured at 2 p.m.at home (16.04±5.95 mmHg) was significantly higher compared with the measurement in the clinic (15.43±5.16 mmHg) (P<0.05).The overall agreement between 24-hour IOP measurements made in the clinic and at home in diagnosis of primary open angle glaucoma was 85.0% (K coefficient: 0.68).CONCLUSION: The 24-hour IOP measured in the clinic was similar to that measured at home, and the method of measuring IOP in the clinic is acceptable in diagnosing primary open angle glaucoma.

Objective To investigate the awaken effect of naloxon on dexmedetomidine anesthetized mice and its mechanism. Methods Thirty Kunming mice of clean grade were randomly divided into 3 groups which included NAL group (Naloxon group), ATI group(Atipamezole group)and NS group (Normal Saline group). All groups were given dexme?detomidine 1 mg·kg-1 intraperitoneally. Naloxon 2 mg·kg-1, atipamezole 2 mg·kg-1 and normal saline 10 mL·kg-1 were ran?domly given intraperitoneally to the NAL, ATI and NS group respectively 90 minutes after dexmedetomidine administration. At timepoints prior to dexmedetomidine administration and 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, 95, 105, 120, 180 minutes after it, the sedative and analgesic effects besides recovery time (based on restore of righting reflex loss) were assessed. Results Sedation and analgesia effects became apparent within 5 minutes, and peaked at approximately 60 minutes then spontaneously recovered at 180 minutes after injection of dexmedetomidine. The sedative and analgesic effects were reduced in both ATI and NAL groups. Compared with ATI group, the sedation scores were higher at 95, 105 and 120 minutes after dexmedetomidine admin?istration than those in NAL group (P<0.05) but the scores were not statistically significant at 180 minutes between these two groups. Compared with NS group, the sedation scores were lower at time points of 95, 105, 120 and 180 minutes than those in NAL group (P>0.05). The analgesic scores were not statistically significant at time points of 95, 105, 120 and 180 min?utes between NAL group and ATI group, but they were lower in NAL group compared with NS group at timepoints of 95, 105 and 120 minutes (P>0.05). The recovery time in ATI and NAL group were shorter than that in NS group (F=1 793.368, P<0.05), but it showed no statistical difference between ATI group and NAL group (P>0.05). Conclusion Naloxone had a certain awaken effect on dexmedetomidine anesthetized mice.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction (XFZYD) on the angiogenesis and injury repair in the ischemic region.

METHODSThe ischemic hind limb rat model was established using Bletilla embolization. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were labeled with DAPI and injected into the model rats from the vena caudalis. Then rats were treated with different doses of XFZYD by gastrogavage. Blood was withdrawn. The granulation tissue and the muscle tissues from ischemic and necrotic portion were taken on the 3rd and 7th day of the medication. The samples were frozen and sliced to analyze the fluorescent expressions. The necrosis of each sample was observed by routine pathological section. The vessels number was counted. The serum NO levels were detected using nitrate reductase method. The macro-morphological observation of ischemic lower limbs were lasted for 30 days.

RESULTSAfter 3 and 7 days of medication, the fluorescence intensity of ischemic area and the number of granulation vessels were significantly more in the high dose XFZYD group than in the routine treatment group and the normal saline treatment groups. The aforesaid indices were significantly higher in the routine treatment group than in the normal saline treatment group after 7 days of medication. The serum NO concentrations were significantly lower in the normal saline group at other time points. On the 30th day of medication, the muscular atrophy of the ischemic hind limbs was the least significant in the high dose XFZYD group.

CONCLUSIONXFZYD could improve the ischemic necrosis by improving the NO level, inducing the EPCs' migration to the ischemic region, and promoting the angiogenesis.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Female ; Ischemia ; pathology ; Male ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; drug effects

Objective To find out whether the levels of serum creatinine and urea,creatinine clearance rate and GFR estimated by using different equations correlate with the exact measurement of GFR with ~(99m)Tc-DTPA in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease.Methods Renal function was determined by using ~(99m)Tc-DTPA technique in 83 elderly patients aged 65—96 years.Blood and urine tests were done at the same time.Estimated clearance was determined by using the equations of Cockcroft-Gauh,MDRD(modification of diet in renal disease)predigestion and MDRD seventh,and the correlation coefficients between the above parameters and ~(99m)Tc-GFR were determined.Veracity for the diagnosis of renal dysfunction was calculated by using receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves.Results Cockcroft-Gault formula(r=0.833),MDRD predigestion formula(r=0.811), MDRD seventh formula(r=0.803),creatinine(r=-0.672),Ccr(r=0.632),urea(r=-0.612), and albumin(r=0.444)were correlated significantly with ~(99m)Tc-GFR in this sequence.If GFR 30, 40,50,60ml/min were defined respectively as renal impairment thresholds and areas under the curve (AUC)were compared,the best parameter for estimation of GFR was the Cockcroft-Gault formula. Then MDRD predigestion formula and MDRD seventh formula,creatinine and Ccr were less accurate in all different renal dysfunction thresholds.Conclusions The Cockcroft-Gault equation seems to be the best formula available for GFR estimation,the two equations of MDRD are the second,creatinine is the third,Ccr and urea are the last.