In this study, a 15-mer phage display peptide library was employed to pan against human rotavirus immobilized on solid phase. 4 different peptides were selected and could bind with rotavirus particles specifically. Plaque reduction neutralization test and MTT analysis results indicated that 3 of the peptides can inhibit rotavirus infecting in vitro. A peptide which sequence is QSNPIHIITNTRNHP showed the best efficiency--93% neutralization infectivity. Two other peptides, A and B, showed 40% and 50% neutralization infectivity respectively. Amino sequence analysis results indicate the 3 peptides containing 2 conserved motifs: SNPIHII and NIP. No putative trypsin hydrolysis site was found in C peptide, however, 4 and 3 potential sites were found in A and B peptides respectively. Using trypsin inhibitor, both A and B peptides showed the similar antiviral effect as that of C peptide. It suggests that the intactness of the 2 conserved motifs play an important role in counteracting virus infection. According to the results of this study, peptide C is hopeful to be exploited as an antiviral peptide drug.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antiviral Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neutralization Tests ; Peptide Library ; Peptides ; chemistry ; immunology ; pharmacology ; Protein Binding ; Rotavirus ; drug effects ; growth & development ; immunology ; Sequence Analysis, Protein ; Viral Plaque Assay

Objective To study the relationship between the pain of the patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LIDH) and the changes of serum cytokine,and to discuss the clinical significance.Methods From January 2014 to December 2016,74 cases of LIDH diagnosed in the 323rd Hospital of the PLA were selected,including 45 males and 29 females,whose age was 46.2± 16.1 years,and the duration 22.6± 7.8 months.According to the VAS pain score,37 cases were mild,23 cases were moderate and 14 cases were severe.The control was 30 cases of healthy physical examination in the same period,18 males and 12 females,age 45.3 ± 15.8 years.All subjects were collected for venous blood on fasting.MDA,superoxide dismutase (SOD),interleukin-6 (IL-6),tumor necrosis factor (TNF),thromboxane (TX),endothelin (ET),prostaglandin E (PGE) and calcitonin (CA) were all measured by radioimmunoassay.The results were analyzed statistically.Results The compared with normal control group,serum cytokines MDA,SOD,IL-6,TNF,TX,ET,PGE and CA increased in different degrees (P＜0.05～0.01).The VAS assessment of severe pain in LIDH was significantly higher than that of mod erate or mild pain (P＜0.05～0.01).Logistic analysis showed that these serum cytokines were closely related to the pain of LIDH (OR=2.415～4.127,95％CI=1.146～11.735,P＜0.05).Conclusion The serum cytokines in patients with LIDH are closely related to the degree of pain,suggesting that these cytokines in serum may affect biochemical metabolism in the process of pain.

Based on thermodynamic principle, the critical relative humidity of electrolytes is closely related to their solubility. The authors explored the relationship theoretically and calculated critical relative humidity of 21 electrolytes from their solubility in the light of Raoult's law and extended Wilson model. The results indicate that the critical relative humidity values calculated by Raoult's law can not accord with the reported ones and there is a systematic error in the high concentration range; while these calculated by extended Wilson model are comparable to the reported ones.
Electrolytes ; chemistry ; Humidity ; Models, Chemical ; Solubility

OBJECTIVE To systematically assess the efficacy and safety of Ventilating Lung Qi for the treatment of postinfectious cough.METHODS All randomized controlled trails (RCT) regarding Ventilating Lung valuation the treatment of Postinfectious cough date up to September 2016 were collected from the Cochrane library,PubMed,china biology medicine (CBM),CNKI,VIP and Wanfang.Jadad scale was taken for quality evaluation of the included studies by two researches.The patients in the control group were given conventional treatment,the experimental group was given ventilating lung qi treatment or combined with other treatments.The total effective rate,the integral of cough symptoms,cough response time,and the adverse reactions of patients treated with Ventilating Lung Qi method were systematically evaluated by RevMan 5.3 software.RESULTS A total of 33 RCT literatures were enrolled.Meta-analysis results showed that Vantilating Lung Qi method could significantly increase the total effect rate [OR =4.10,95 ％CI(3.25,5.18),P＜0.01],in cough treatment,improve integral of cough symptom [MD =-1.93,95 ％ CI(-2.59,-1.27),P ＜0.01],and effectively decrease cough response time [MD =-1.09,95％CI(-1.31,-0.87),P＜0.01] compared with those of the conventional treatment.And the adverse reactions in Ventilating Lung Qi group was also significantly lower [COR=0.36,95％CI(0.18,0.72),P＜0.01] than that in the control group.CONCLUSION The Ventilating Lung Qi method has obvious advantages for treating postinfectious cough.But,for the low-quality of the enrolled literatures,large-scale,high-quality RC are needed to provide stronger evidence.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the geographical distribution and risk factors of HIV-1 subtypes in Yunnan province.

METHODSBlood samples from 1319 HIV positives were collected in Yunnan Province from 2001 to 2006. The nested polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify the gag (p24)-protease fragments from RNA extracted from plasma or sera. The sequences were used for subtype determination by phylogenetic tree analysis.

RESULTSAmong 1319 samples studied, the subtypes has been successfully obtained from 644 samples that were constituted of seven subtypes: CRF08_BC, CRF07_BC, CRF07/08_BC, CRF01_AE, C, B' and URFB/C. C/CRF07_BC/CRF08_BC were distributed in the whole province, but CRF01_AE were mainly distributed in the boarding areas with Myanmar such as Dehong, Baoshan, Xishuangbanna and Puer. Moreover, injecting drugs users accounted for 61.6% (270/438) among C/CRF07_BC/CRF08_BC infections, while only 8.5% (15/177) among CRF01_AE infections.

CONCLUSIONOur data indicated that at least seven subtypes were identified in Yunnan province, the relationship between subtypes and transmission routes were analyzed, and the geographic difference of subtypes was also observed.

China ; DNA, Viral ; Genotype ; HIV Infections ; transmission ; virology ; HIV-1 ; classification ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Objective To investigate the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in Dehong prefecture,Ymnan province,in 2011.Methods 300 HIV-1 positive plasma samples were collected from Jan.2011 to May 2011 in Dehong prefecture.HIV-1 gag genes and env genes were amplified by nestedpolymerase chain reaction (PCR) from viral RNA,After sequencing,the HIV-1 subtypes were determined by phylogenetic analysis.Results Based on the phylogenetic trees of gag gene and env gene fragments,a total of 222 samples were genotyped.Subtype C was the predominant strain in Dehong (43.2％,96/222),followed by unique recombinant forms (URFs,27.0％,60/222),CRF01 _AE ( 21.2％,47/222 ),C R F08_BC ( 5.0％,11/222 ),B,( 2.3％,5/222 ) and CRF07 BC ( 1.4％,3/222).Subtype C strains were predominant in both heterosexually transmitted population and intravenous drug users (IDUs),but different subtype distribution patterns were found in these two populations.All 6 genotypes including subtype C (40.7％,70/172),CRF01_AE (25.0％,43/172),and URFs (25.0％,43/172 ) found in this area among hcterosexually transmitted population,which showed the diversity of genotypes in this population.Except subtype B' and CRF07_BC,the other 3 subtypes and URFs were detected among IDUs,mainly including subtype C (54.8％,23/42) and U R Fs (38.1％,16/42),vhich shoved the concentration trend of genotypes distribution among IDUs.The proportion of URFs increased significantly in this area,including the new BC recombinants (41.7％,25/60) and CRF01_AE relative URFs (58.3％,35/60).However,the distributions of these two URFs among heterosexually transmitted population and IDUs showed no statistical significance.Conclusion The distribution of HIV-1 strains prevailing in Dehong prefecture was diversity,including 5 subtypes and a variety of URFs,of which subtype C was the predominant strain.The distribution patterns of subtype were different among different populations.

To address the increasing need for detecting and validating protein biomarkers in clinical specimens, mass spectrometry (MS)-based targeted proteomic techniques, including the selected reaction monitoring (SRM), parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), and massively parallel data-independent acquisition (DIA), have been developed. For optimal performance, they require the fragment ion spectra of targeted peptides as prior knowledge. In this report, we describe a MS pipe-line and spectral resource to support targeted proteomics studies for human tissue samples. To build the spectral resource, we integrated common open-source MS computational tools to assemble a freely accessible computational workflow based on Docker. We then applied the workflow to gen-erate DPHL, a comprehensive DIA pan-human library, from 1096 data-dependent acquisition (DDA) MS raw files for 16 types of cancer samples. This extensive spectral resource was then applied to a proteomic study of 17 prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Thereafter, PRM validation was applied to a larger study of 57 PCa patients and the differential expression of three proteins in prostate tumor was validated. As a second application, the DPHL spectral resource was applied to a study consisting of plasma samples from 19 diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients and 18 healthy control subjects. Differentially expressed proteins between DLBCL patients and healthy control subjects were detected by DIA-MS and confirmed by PRM. These data demonstrate that the DPHL supports DIA and PRM MS pipelines for robust protein biomarker discovery. DPHL is freely accessible at https://www.iprox.org/page/project.html?id=IPX0001400000.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the levels of plasma adrenaline and norepinephrine and gene polymorphism of β1 adrenergic receptor G1165C in children with enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection in hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Methods The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the expression of gene polymorphism of β1 adrenergic receptor G1165C in vitro. The levels of plasma adrenaline and norepinephrine were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The plasma norepinephrine level of severe group was significantly higher than the mild group in children with EV71 infection in HFMD (P < 0.05); however, the levels of plasma adrenaline in two groups had no statistical differences (P > 0.05); There was no significant difference in the distribution of β1 adrenergic receptor G1165C genotype and allele between EV71 infection group and healthy control group (P > 0.05). Further analysis of EV71 infection group by dividing it into mild and severe groups showed that there was no significant difference in the distribution of genotype and allele between these two groups as well (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine in different genotypes of EV71 infection group (P > 0.05), and in the levels of plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine in the mild and severe groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions As the disease gets worse, the plasma norepinephrine level has a rising trend in children with EV71 infection in HFMD, which is an important indicator to evaluate the progress of the disease. However, the gene polymorphism of β1 adrenergic receptor G1165C have no significant correlation, not only with the susceptibility and severity of EV71 infection in hand, foot and mouth disease, but also with the levels of catecholamine.

Extracting extracts of secondary metabolites from the karst cave fungus Metarhizium anisopliae NHC-M3-2 from the Yilingyan Scenic Area in Guangxi. Ten compounds were isolated and purified from fungal secondary metabolites using thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. 7-Hydroxy-3-hydroxypropyl-5,6-dimethylisochrome-1-one (1) and 7-hydroxy-3,5,6-trimethyl-isochromen-1-one (2) were new isocoumarin compounds, N-acetyl phenylalanine (3), chaetosumin J (4), 2-one-13-hydroxy-3,5,8,7(11)-eudesmatetraen-12,8-olide (5), 1H-indole-3-carboxaldehyde (6), irpexolaceus B (7), irlactin L (8), cytochalasin K (9), and helvolic acid (10), a total of 8 known compounds. The structure of the compound was determined using methods such as NMR and mass spectrometry. The tumor cytotoxicity of the compound was evaluated using the CCK-8 method. The results showed that the IC₅₀ of compound 2 on HepG2 cells was 29.83 µmol·L^-1, and compound 9 on HCT116 cells was 27.44 µmol·L^-1.