OBJECTIVETo identify the expression characteristics of the 1700001022RIK (RIKEN cDNA 1700001022) gene in mice and explore its function by bioinformatic analysis.

METHODSUsing the expression profile of gene microarray, we detected the expression of a new testis-specific gene, 1700001022RIK, in mice. We analyzed its expression characteristics in the testis tissue and their changes in different developmental stages of the testis by RT-PCR, real-time RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. We performed bioinformatic analysis using a bioinformatic software.

RESULTSThe 1700001022RIK gene was specifically expressed in the mouse testis in an age-dependent manner, most highly in the adult mice. The 1700001022RIK protein was mainly expressed in the spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and round spermatids of the adult mice. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the 1700001022RIK protein amino acid sequence had a high similarity in human and mice, which indicated that this gene was highly conserved in mammals.

CONCLUSION1700001022RIK is a testis-specific gene mainly expressed in the spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and round spermatids of seminiferous tubules, which might be involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis.

Age Factors ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Computational Biology ; DNA, Complementary ; Gene Expression ; Genomics ; Male ; Mice ; Molecular Chaperones ; genetics ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Spermatids ; Spermatocytes ; Spermatogenesis ; genetics ; Spermatogonia ; Testis

OBJECTIVETo observe clinical therapeutic effect of moxibustion on abnormal blood lipids.

METHODSThe patients who did not take the medicine for regulating blood lipids and had still abnormal blood lipids after diet therapy for 3 months, were divided into 4 groups according to different types of abnormal blood lipids. Forty cases selected in each group were again divided randomly into a treatment group and a control group. The treatment group were treated with moxibustion at Shousanli (LI 10), Zusanli (ST 36) and Shenque (CV 3) on the basis of diet therapy, and the control group only with the diet therapy. Their therapeutic effects were observed and compared after treatment of 90 days.

RESULTSThere were significant differences between the treatment group and the control group in various groups of different types of abnormal blood lipids (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMoxibustion at Shousanli (LI 10), Zusanli (ST 36) and Shenque (CV 3) has a better therapeutic effect on abnormal blood lipids.

Acupuncture Points ; Biomedical Research ; Humans ; Lipids ; blood ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Moxibustion

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of AT₁ receptor on the changes of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactivity (TH-IR) in rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) induced by brain cholinergic stimuli in rats.

METHODSMale SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: NS + CBC group, Los + CBC group, Los + NS group and NS + NS group. AT₁ was blocked by pretreatment of 20 μg losartan in Los + CBC and Los + NS groups; intracerebroventricular injection of 0.5 μg carbachol was used for cholinergic stimuli in NS + CBC and Los + CBC groups; normal saline (NS) was used for control. The output amount of natrium in kidney, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (PRF) were observed. The changes of TH-IR in the RVLM were observed by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTIn NS + CBC group carbachol induced potent natriuresis, after pretreatment of losartan the natriuretic effect was partially inhibited in Los + CBC group. Both the number and optical density of TH-IR positive neurons in NS + CBC group were markedly increased than those in NS + NS group (P < 0.05); while those in Los + CBC group were significantly lower than those in NS+CBC group (P < 0.05). Intracerebroventricular injection of carbachol and losartan had no effect on GFR and RPF(P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe results suggest that cholinergic stimuli can induce potent natriuresis and increase the activity of adrenergic neurons in the RVLM; the above effects can be down regulated by blockade of brain AT₁ receptor.

Animals ; Carbachol ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Drug Antagonism ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; drug effects ; Losartan ; pharmacology ; Male ; Medulla Oblongata ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Natriuresis ; drug effects ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 ; physiology ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase ; metabolism

Adult ; Female ; Fetus ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the application effect of comfortable care on C-section maternal during breast-feeding.Methods The lying-in mother from Dongfang Hospital affiliated to Tongji University between August 2011 and April 2012 were divided into observation group and control group,according to their admission date (single or double),with each group 50 people.The control group was given routine nursing care,while the observation group received Xiao' s Double-C comfortable nursing model.After intervention,mother' s milk secretion amount and pure breast-feeding situation on 2nd,3rd day after childbirth were observed and compared.And the American comfortable nursing expert Kolcaba' s simplified pleasant status scale was used to evaluate their degree of comfort,the sadness assessment scale (SAS) for evaluating the mother' s anxiety status.Results Observation group were significantly higher than that of control group in milk secretion amount (x2 =6.034,11.256,P =0.049,0.018) and pure breast-feeding on 2nd,3rd day after childbirth (x2 =3.071,5.586,P =0.038,0.009).And significant difference was found between observation group and control group in SAS score [(44.56 ± 4.86) vs (59.12 ± 6.54),t =-2.969,P =0.004],and pleasant status score (90.26 ±2.85 vs 72.56 ± 5.62,t =-3.465,P =0.001).Conclusions The application of comfortable care in C-section maternal breast-feeding can significantly improve the mother' s milk secretion amount and the success rate of pure breast-feeding situation on 2nd,3rd day after childbirth,improve their degree of comfort and reduce the mother's anxiety status.

Objective To introduce the new concept of " happy factor" in positive psychology to lead primipara through positive psychological experience,and help them to reduce the depression during the early stage of role change.Methods 100 cases of primipara from October 2011 to May 2012 were chosen and randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group,each with 50 cases.The experimental group collected and recorded happy factor by interviews and was intervened by feedback during psychological nursing,so as to build good psychological experience,while the control group used conventional psychological nursing methods.Beck depression inventory (BDI) was used to measure and compare between the two groups.Results According BDI,there were 43 cases of non-depression (≤4),5 cases of mild depression (5-13),2 cases of moderate depression (14-20) and no case of major depression (≥21) in the experimental group,while there were 16,32,2,0 in the control group.And the differences were statistically significant (x2 =32.059,P ＜0.01).After intervention,BDI in experimental group was (3.32 ± 1.63),which was lower than (5.91 ± 1.61),and the differences were statistically significant (t =3.984,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions "Happy factor" feedback intervention is helpful for primipara to change or adapt to role of mother during positive psychological experience and improving the condition of depression in the early postpartum period.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; epidemiology ; virology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Female ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in Dehong prefecture,Ymnan province,in 2011.Methods 300 HIV-1 positive plasma samples were collected from Jan.2011 to May 2011 in Dehong prefecture.HIV-1 gag genes and env genes were amplified by nestedpolymerase chain reaction (PCR) from viral RNA,After sequencing,the HIV-1 subtypes were determined by phylogenetic analysis.Results Based on the phylogenetic trees of gag gene and env gene fragments,a total of 222 samples were genotyped.Subtype C was the predominant strain in Dehong (43.2％,96/222),followed by unique recombinant forms (URFs,27.0％,60/222),CRF01 _AE ( 21.2％,47/222 ),C R F08_BC ( 5.0％,11/222 ),B,( 2.3％,5/222 ) and CRF07 BC ( 1.4％,3/222).Subtype C strains were predominant in both heterosexually transmitted population and intravenous drug users (IDUs),but different subtype distribution patterns were found in these two populations.All 6 genotypes including subtype C (40.7％,70/172),CRF01_AE (25.0％,43/172),and URFs (25.0％,43/172 ) found in this area among hcterosexually transmitted population,which showed the diversity of genotypes in this population.Except subtype B' and CRF07_BC,the other 3 subtypes and URFs were detected among IDUs,mainly including subtype C (54.8％,23/42) and U R Fs (38.1％,16/42),vhich shoved the concentration trend of genotypes distribution among IDUs.The proportion of URFs increased significantly in this area,including the new BC recombinants (41.7％,25/60) and CRF01_AE relative URFs (58.3％,35/60).However,the distributions of these two URFs among heterosexually transmitted population and IDUs showed no statistical significance.Conclusion The distribution of HIV-1 strains prevailing in Dehong prefecture was diversity,including 5 subtypes and a variety of URFs,of which subtype C was the predominant strain.The distribution patterns of subtype were different among different populations.

OBJECTIVEThis study is aimed at evaluating the utility of the portable CD4 analyzers (PIMA).

METHODSThe paired finger prick blood (25 µl) and 5 ml venous blood samples were collected from 196 HIV infected patients, who came to Yunnan CDC voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) clinic for CD4 test services, from May to August, 2012. The absolute CD4 cell counts were measured by PIMA (using venous and finger-prick blood) and by Calibur (using venous blood) as the reference. The PIMA and Calibur CD4 results were compared using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs test, and the Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were estimated. The Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the consistency of the two methods.

RESULTSThe median absolute CD4 counts of 196 venous blood samples obtained by PIMA and by Calibur were 268 (range:169-403) cells/µl and 302 (range:181-474) cells/µl respectively, which showed significant difference (Z = -7.31, P < 0.01). The median absolute CD4 counts measured by PIMA and by Calibur (using 188 finger-prick and venous blood samples respectively) were 271 (range: 165-450) cells/µl and 304 (range:188-476) cells/µl, which also showed significant difference (Z = -7.60, P < 0.01). The CD4 counts obtained by PIMA CD4 analyzer (using venous and finger-prick blood) showed strong positive correlation with the CD4 counts obtained by the reference method (using venous blood), and the r values were 0.94 and 0.92 respectively (P < 0.01) . The mean biases (limit of agreement) were -38.7 (-210.9-133.5)cells/µl and -45.4 (-221.8-131.0) cells/µl, respectively.Using 350 CD4 counts as the threshold for ART treatment initiation, the sensitivity and specificity of PIMA were 99.1% and 79.3% for venous blood samples, and 97.2%and 78.5% for finger-prick blood samples, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe CD4 counts obtained by PIMA are lower than that obtained by Calibur, while the sensitivity is high.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; instrumentation ; methods ; Child ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; instrumentation ; methods ; HIV Infections ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Young Adult

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of ibrutinib combined with venetoclax in the treatment of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(R/R DLBCL),and to analyze the factors affecting efficacy and prognosis.Methods:Clinical data of 62 R/R DLBCL patients admitted to our hospital from August 2017 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were treated with ibrutinib combined with venetoclax.The clinical efficacy and drug safety were evaluated.The effects of clinical features on short-term efficacy and overall survival(OS)were analyzed.Results:The objective response rate(ORR)of 62 patients was 48.39％.The extranodal lesions,intermediate-high/high risk of NCCN-IPI,intermediate-high/high risk of IPI,progression or recurrence time＜12 months were the risk factors affecting the short-term efficacy of chemotherapy in R/R DLBCL patients(all P＜0.05).The most common adverse effect was neutropenia(75.19％),and the incidence of grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ neutropenia was 52.71％.The l-year and 2-year OS rates of 62 patients were 48.51％and 31.56％,respectively,and the median OS time was 12 months.Multivariate analysis showed that objective remission after chemotherapy[HR=0.080(95％CI:0.028-0.235)]was a protective factor for OS in R/R DLBCL patients,and intermediate-high/high risk of NCCN-IPI[HR=4.828(95％CI:1.546-15.080)]was an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of R/R DLBCL patients.Conclusion:Ibrutinib combined with venetoclax can be used as an effective treatment regimen for R/R DLBCL,and NCCN-IPI can be used as a prognostic indicator.Objective remission after chemotherapy is beneficial for R/R DLBCL patients to achieve better OS.