The efficacy and safety of uric-acid-lowering therapy (UALT) on slowing the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) accompanied by hyperuricemia were assessed. We searched Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, Wanfang and Vip databases up to November 15, 2012 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which compared the effect of UALT to control therapy in hyperuricemic patients secondary to CKD, and then performed quality evaluation and meta-analysis on the included studies. Seven RCTs involving 451 cases were included. UALT delayed the increase of serum creatinine (MD=-62.55 μmol/L, 95% CI: -98.10 to -26.99) and blood urea nitrogen (MD= -6.15 mmol/L, 95% CI: -8.17 to -4.13) as well as the decrease of glomerular filtration rate [MD=5.65 mL/(min·1.73 m2), 95% CI: 1.88 to 9.41], decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP) (MD= -6.08 mmHg, 95% CI: -11.67 to -0.49), and reduced the risk of the renal disease progression (RR=0.30, 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.46). However, there was no statistically significant difference in 24-h urinary protein quantity and diastolic blood pressure (P>0.05). We identified that UALT could delay the progression of CKD with secondary hyperuricemia. And this also indirectly proved that hyperuricemia was a risk factor for the CKD progression.

Objective To discuss the methods of pre-hospital emergency care and transportation for patients with sudden chest pain. Methods Retrospective analysis was used in this study. The mortality was compared between 36 patients with sudden and deadly chest pain aided by pre-hospital emergency department and 21 patients with similar symptom aided by themselves. Results In indicators containing vital signs, severity of chest pain, mortality, the pre-hospital emergency care group was better than self-rescue group. Conclusions The clinical symptoms of patients with sudden and deadly chest pain are complex. However, professional pre-hospital emergency care can effectively reduce the mortality by closely monitoring, safely and effectively referred.

Objective To investigate the effect of microRNA(miR)-21 on proliferation and differentiation of murine pulmonary fibroblasts. Methods C57BL/6 mice of SPF grade (n=24) were randomly divided into Sham group and Pulmo?nary fibrosis model group with 12 mice in each group. Pulmonary fibrosis model was established by trans-tracheal jet ventila?tion of bleomycin into mice. The transcription levels of miR-21 were examined by quantitative real-time PCR in various pul?monary fibrosis tissues. Primary fibroblast were isolated and digested by Trypsin then inoculated into 6 well plate to reach confluence of 30%-50%. PBS (2.5μL), negative control stock solution and miR-21 mimic stock solution (20μmol/L) were added into Opti-MEM (50μL) as control group, blank group and miR-21 mimic group respectively.The cell viability was as?sessed by CCK-8. Expressions of ADAMTS-1 and TGF-β1 in the pulmonary fibroblasts were tested using Western blot. Re?sults The expression of miR-21 was significantly increased in lungs of mice in pulmonary fibrosis model group than that in sham group. Expression of miR-21 was higher in miR-21 mimic group than that in control group and blank group. Expres?sion of miR-21 was significantly higher with better cell viability in miR-21 mimic group than that in control group and blank group. The expression of ADAMTS-1 was significantly decreased in miR-21mimic group, while the expression of TGF-β1, a target gene of miR-21, was significantly increased in miR-21 mimic group compared with the other two groups. There is no significant different in expressions of ADAMTS-1 and TGF-β1 between control group and blank group. Conclusion Over?expression of miR-21 in pulmonary fibroblasts disrupts TGF-β1 signaling pathway by reducing expression of ADAMTS-1, which promotes the proliferation and differentiation of pulmonary fibroblast.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect and safety of leu-prorelin acetate in the treatment of children with sexual precocity . Methods Forty-two children with central precocious puberty were ran-domly divided into control group and treatment group , 21 cases in each group.The control group was orally given megestrol acetate 2 mg, 3 times a day. Treatment group was treated with leuprorelin acetate 90μg? kg-1 by subcutaneous injection ,1 time a month on the basis of control group.Two groups were treated for 1 year.Compared the serum estradiol ( E2 ) , luteotropic hormone ( LH ) and follicle stimulating hormone ( FSH) , volume of uterus and ovary , and adverse drug reactions in two groups before and after treatment .Results After treatment , the serum levels of E2, LH and FSH were(9.87 ±1.41)ng? L-1, (1.29 ±0.16) U? L-1 , ( 2.65 ±0.37 ) U? L-1 in treatment group , significantly lower than (15.22 ±2.11 ) ng? L-1 ,(2.74 ±0.37 ) U? L-1 ,(3.24 ±0.43 ) U? L-1 in control group ( P<0.05 ) .The volume of uterus , ovary and right ovary of children in treatment group were ( 2.69 ±0.35 ), (1.47 ±0.21), ( 1.41 ± 0.18 ) cm2, significantly lower than (3.48±0.43),(1.98 ±0.26),(2.03 ±0.25)cm2 in control group (P<0.05).The adverse symptoms were mainly dizziness and sweating . There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse drug reactions between the two groups (P>0.05).Con-clusion The leuprorelin acetate for injection of microspheres can significantly reduce the serum levels of E2 , LH and FSH in children with central precocious puberty , control the abnormal development of secondary sexual characteristics , improve the clinical efficacy , and also safety.

In order to find an easy and rapid quantitative analytical method to detect rhamnolipid produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, three methods, H_ 2 SO_ 4 -anthrone analysis method, L-cysteine-H_ 2 SO_ 4 method and phenol-H_ 2 SO_ 4 method, were compared in the present paper, and the influence factors were also considered.The results showed that H_ 2 SO_ 4 -Anthrone analysis method was better than the others and its optimal reaction condition was obtained.The influence to the quantitative analysis of rhamnolipid from the residual glucose and the top clean liquid layer in the ferment solution could be ignored.But the influence from the bacterial body and the middle layer of the ferment solution reached a certain degree.Thus, the bacterial body should be removed before measuring.However, the influence from the middle layer of the ferment solution could be avoided by making a standard curve which was made by using a rhamnose mixed with the middle layer ferment solution.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) on the isolated Langendorff perfused rat hearts and the isolated papillary muscles.

METHODSThe left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), maximal rise/fall rate of left ventricular pressure (+/-dP/dt(max)), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), heart rate (HR) and coronary flow (CF) were recorded in isolated Langendorff perfused rat hearts. The average contractile force was measured in the isolated papillary muscles of rat right ventricle.

RESULTIFN-alpha (10 - 10,000 U/ml) induced a concentration-dependent decrease of LVDP and +/-dP/dt(max), and increase of LVEDP and CF in the isolated perfused rat heart (P < 0.05), and decrease of the average contractile force of the papillary muscle (P <0.05). Pretreatment with L-NAME (10(-4) mol/L), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, attenuated the effect of IFN-alpha in the isolated rat hearts and the isolated papillary muscles (P <0.05). Isoproterenol (ISO, 10(-9) - 10(-6)mol/L) increased the contractile force of the rat papillary muscles in a concentration-dependent manner. Perfusion for 10 min with IFN-alpha at 1,000 U/ml attenuated the enhancing effect of ISO. Pretreatment with L-NAME reduced the effects of IFN-alpha on the isolated papillary muscles.

CONCLUSIONIFN-alpha may induce a negative inotropic effect in normal and beta-adrenergic activated cardiac muscles and this effect at least partly be mediated by nitric oxide.

Animals ; Heart ; drug effects ; physiology ; Heart Rate ; drug effects ; In Vitro Techniques ; Interferon-alpha ; pharmacology ; Male ; Myocardial Contraction ; drug effects ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; pharmacology ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Papillary Muscles ; drug effects ; metabolism ; physiology ; Perfusion ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo study the roles of IL-4, IL-5 and IgE in childhood cough variant asthma (CVA).

METHODSThe IL-4 and IL-5 levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and the serum IgE levels were determined using ELISA in children with CVA in the acute stage (n=21) and in the convalesce stage (n=9). The samples from 30 children with acute bronchial asthma and from 30 healthy children were used as controls.

RESULTSThe levels of PBMC IL-4 (91.57 +/- 12.19 ng/L) and IL-5 (13.28 +/- 0.31 ng/mL) in children with CVA in the acute stage were significantly higher than those in the convalesce stage (74.68 +/- 11.54 ng/L, 6.53 +/- 0.28 ng/mL) and also higher than those in the healthy controls (70.32 +/- 18.16 ng/L, 5.29 +/- 0.36 ng/mL) (P < 0.01). The levels of serum IgE in children with CVA in the acute stage (279.6 +/- 41.3 KU /L) were strikingly higher than those in the convalesce stage (153.8 +/- 37.5 KU/L) (P < 0.01). The levels of serum IgE in children with CVA either in the acute stage or in the convalesce stage were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (90.6 +/- 44.8 KU /L) (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in the levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IgE between children with acute CVA and acute asthma.

CONCLUSIONSA combined determination of PBMC IL-4 and IL-5 and serum IgE may be valuable for the diagnosis and the outcome evaluation of CVA. IL-4 and IL-5 may play a role in the pathogenesis of CVA. It is speculated that CVA may have similar pathogenesis to bronchial asthma since acute CVA patients have similar IL-4, IL-5 and IgE levels to children with acute bronchial asthma.

Asthma ; immunology ; Child, Preschool ; Cough ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Infant ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; physiology ; Interleukin-5 ; blood ; physiology ; Male

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Glomerulus ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lipoproteins ; metabolism ; Male ; Nephrosis, Lipoid ; metabolism ; pathology

G heterozygote carriers.The carrying rate of deafness gene was 26‰(32/1234).In the 32 carriers,there are 5 babies showed 'refer' at the first step of hearing screening.In the 1234 babies,112 babies showed 'refer' at the first step of hearing screening.CONCLUSION Deafness gene screening can make up for the deficiencies of the universal newborn hearing screening,and should be used in this kind screening more widely.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of rhizoma paridis total saponins(RPTS)on the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in blood serum of two-hit rat model induced by multiple fractures and lipopolysaccharide.

METHODSSixty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. The models were made in four groups (expect the blank control group) in accordance with the standard of two-hit animal model induced by multiple fractures and lipopolysaccharide. At 1 hour after models made,the rats in RPTS groups were given rhizoma paridis total saponins with different concentrations by intragastric administration. Six hours later, the concentrations of TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-6 in the blood serum of all rats were detected by ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay).

RESULTSThe concentrations of TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-6 in blood serum of rats in the model group were remarkably higher than those in the blank control group (P<0.001), and these in the RPTS groups were remarkably lower than those in the model group (P<0001).

CONCLUSIONRPTS can decrease the levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 and IL-1 beta in the blood serum of rats subjected to two-hit induced by multiple fractures and lipopolysaccharide.

Animals ; Cytokines ; blood ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; blood ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; metabolism ; Male ; Multiple Trauma ; blood ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use