Retinocytoma is a benign tumor arising from the retina.Since it was first described by Gallie in 1982,retinocytoma has been progressively recognized.More and more clinical and pathological studies indicate that retinocytoma may be a early stage or a type of retinoblastoma.Retinocytoma is difficult to be found because of lack clinical signs.Therefore,it is very important for us to follow-up and screen the families of RB patient in order to intervene with the course of disease as early as possible for preventing and arresting the malignization of retinocytoma toward RB.The name alteration,clinical manifestations,histopathological features,molecular mechanism and heredity characteristics were reviewed.

Humans ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; Pulmonary Fibrosis

Objective:To explore risk factors for no‐reflow after emergency coronary intervention in aged patients with a‐cute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) . Methods:According to presence of no -reflow (≤TIMI grade Ⅲwas considered as no-reflow) after operation or not ,a total of 700 aged STEMI patients hospitalized in our hospital during 2010-2013 were divided into no-reflow group (n=190 ,27. 14% ) and reflow group (n=510 ,72. 86% ) . Clinical data , PCI and coronary angiography data were collected ,compared and analyzed between two groups . Results:Compared with reflow group ,there were significant rise in percentages of patients with TIMI grade 0-1 (61.17% vs. 82.11% ) ,coro‐nary collateral blood flow grade 0 (64.12% vs. 74.21% ) ,5 thrombus scores before PCI (58.83% vs. 80.00% );signifi‐cant reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) at hospitalization [ (111.2 ± 24.6) mmHg vs. (101.7 ± 25.9) mmHg] in no-reflow group , P<0. 01 all. Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis indicated that SBP<101 mmHg at hospitaliza‐tion ,collateral blood flow grade 0 before PCI and 5 thrombus scores before PCI were risk factors for no‐reflow after emer‐gency PCI (OR=1.006~4.398 , P<0.05 or <0.01) .Conclusion:In aged acute STEMI patients ,those with risk factors for no-reflow after emergency PCI should take corresponding preventive and therapeutic measures in order to improve their prognosis .

Objective:To explore the significance of elevating cervical flap before vital-dye injection in identifying blue-stained nodes receiving lymphatic drainage in rabbit's tongue, so as to provide raw data for normalizing vital-dye injection in sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) during tongue-carcinoma treatment. Methods: 64 adult rabbits were randomly divided into four groups according to the injecting sites: tongue-tip, tongue-lateral, tongue-center and tongue-root. Four doses of methylene blue-0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 ml were chosen and injected into 4 tongues in every group, 2 of them were injected before and after the elevation of cervical flap respectively. Time was recorded according to the time points of colored and discolored lymphatic duct and nodes. Results:①The overall success rate in localizing blue-stained node was 93.75%(60/64). ②In the success cases in group elevating cervical flap just before injecting methylene blue, all experiments had the time records of lymphatics and nodes' turning blue; while the counterpart group did not show any blue staining. ③All the blue stained nodes were found in lymph nodeⅠto Ⅲ local area. Conclusion:t may be dependable to utilize methylene blue as tracer in the tongue carcinoma SLNB. Elevation of cervical flap before injecting methylene blue is necessary and practicable in tongue carcinoma SLNB.

To build the Dendrobium nobile -T2DM network, and elucidate the molecular mechanism of D. nobile to type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Collect the chemical composition of D. nobile and the targets on T2DM by retrieving database and documents, build the network of D. nobile to T2DM using the entity grammar systems inference rules. The molecular mechanism of D. nobile to T2DM includes: (1) regulating lipid metabolism by lowering triglyceride; (2) reducing insulin resistance; (3) protecting islet cells; (4) promoting the glucose-dependent insulin tropic peptide (GIP) secretion; (5) inhibiting calcium channel. Under the guidance of network pharmacology, through entity grammar systems inference rules we elucidate the molecular mechanism of D. nobile to T2DM, and provide the basis for the further development of health care products based on D. nobile.
Animals ; Calcium Channels ; genetics ; metabolism ; Databases, Factual ; Dendrobium ; chemistry ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; drug effects ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Insulin Resistance ; Islets of Langerhans ; metabolism ; Triglycerides ; metabolism

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy, Combination* ; Necrosis* ; Radiotherapy* ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma*

Ataxia is one of the most serious neurological symptoms in elderly The clarification of the related anatomical structures are necessary for the understanding of pathophysiologic mechanisms of ataxia. We have recently experienced a case of thalamic infarct in the territory of thalamogeniculate artery. The localization of lesion was based on CT and MR imaging. At first time, right hemiparesis and ataxia were prominent. Hemiparesis was transient but ataxia had been persistent for several months. It has been suspected that thalamus could be the part of neural circuits in balancing. Our case support this suggestion clinically. Based on clinical observations, a plausible extrapolation can be made to thalamic ataxia. It maybe related with dysfunction of dentatorubrothalamic and corticopontine pathway. Thus our case led us to conclude that thalamus could be engaged in balance control of human body.
Aged* ; Arteries ; Ataxia* ; Human Body ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Paresis ; Thalamus

This study was designed to investigate inhibitory effects and possible mechanisms of snake venom tripeptide (pENW) on platelet adhesion in order to promote the development of a novel anti-platelet therapy. To study the inhibitory effects of pENW on platelet adhesion, washed platelets pre-incubated with pENW (116.5-466.2 μmol x L(-1)) were used to test the ability of platelet adhesion to fibrinogen. Effect of pENW on fibrin clot retraction was also tested. Effect of pENW on platelets viability was tested by MTT assay. Effect of pENW on reactive-oxygen species (ROS) levels of platelet was studied by flow cytometry assay. Calcium mobilization in Fura-2/AM-loaded platelets was monitored with a spectrofluorimeter. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), thromboxane A2 (determined as its metabolite thromboxane B2) were measured using enzyme immunoassay kits. Akt, ERK and p38 phosphorylation were tested by Western blot. The results showed that pENW inhibited platelet adhesion and fibrin clot retraction in a concentration-dependent manner without cytotoxicity. Intracellular cGMP and cAMP in both resting and thrombin-activated platelets were increased by pENW. In addition, pENW attenuated intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and TXA2 production in platelets stimulated by thrombin. As shown by Western blot assay, Akt, ERK and p38 phosphorylation in thrombin-induced platelet were attenuated by pENW. However, inhibitory effects of pENW had nothing to do with ROS. Thus, pENW exhibited a significant inhibition on platelet adhesion to fibrinogen, which means pENW could block the first step of thrombosis as while as retard the more stable clot formation. The mechanisms of pENW on inhibition platelet adhesion might be related to instant regulations, such as protein kinases.
Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; Blotting, Western ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cyclic AMP ; metabolism ; Cyclic GMP ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Phosphorylation ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Snake Venoms ; chemistry ; Thromboxane A2 ; metabolism ; Thromboxane B2 ; metabolism

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-10,and expressions of Notch-1,NF-κB mRNA and their protein levels in the brain tissue of septic mice and intervention effects of intrathecal injection of lentiviral vector of miR-34a gene for regulating Notch-1/NF-κB signaling pathway.Methods A total of 54 mice of clean grade were divided randomly (random number) into four groups,namely sham group (n =9),in which sham-operated laparotomy was performed;CLP group (n=15),in which the cecum ligation operation (CLP) was performed;NC group (n =15),in which intrathecal injection of lentivirus 5 μL (concentration 5 × 108 TU/mL),one time per day,for 3 days,then CLP was performed on the seventh day;intervention group (n =15),in wihch intrathecal injection of miR-34a lentivirus 5 μL (concentration 5 × 108 TU/mL),one time per day,for 3 days,then CLP was performed on the seventh day.The mice of four groups were sacrificed 24 h after modeling or operation.The changes of behavior of mice was observed and the neurological scores were assessed 24 h after CLP.The levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and IL-10 in the brain were measured by ELISA method.The mRNA expression and protein levels of Notch-1 and NF-κB in the brain tissue were measured by real-time PCR and Western blot method,respectively.Pathological changes of brain tissue were observed under light microscope.Results The neurological scores,the cerebral TNF-α,IL-6 levels,the mRNA expression and protein level of NF-κB (P＜0.01),and IL-1β levels (P ＜0.05) in CLP group 24 h after modeling were higher than those in sham group.The cerebral IL-10 level and the mRNA expression and protein level of Notch-1 (P ＜ 0.01) in CLP group 24 h after modeling were lower than those in sham group.The neurological scores,the cerebral TNF-α and IL-1β levels,and the protein level of NF-κB (P ＜0.01),and IL-6 (P ＜ 0.05) in NC group 24 h after modeling were higher than those in sham group.The cerebral IL-10 level,the mRNA expression and protein level of Notch1 in NC group 24 h after modeling were lower than those in sham group.There were no significant difference in neurological socres,IL-1β and IL-6 levels between intervention group and CLP group (P ＞ 0.05).The IL-10 level (P ＜ 0.05) and the mRNA expression (P ＜ 0.05) and protein level (P ＜ 0.01) of Notch-1 in intervention group 24 h after modeling were lower than those in CLP group.There were no significant difference in biomarkers between NC group and CLP group (P ＞ 0.05).The degree of cerebral damage found under light microscope was also ameliorated in intervention group compared with CLP group 24 h after modeling.Conclusions The effects of miR-34a via regulating Notch-1/NF-κB signaling pathway on brain function exerts cerebral protective effects in septic mice.

Objective To construct eukaryotic expression plasmid of hCD137 Fc gene and express hCD137 Fc fusion protein with high biological activity. Methods PCR technique was employed to clone the human CD137 cDNA from a normal human activated T cells cDNA library, and then clone its extramembrane encoding region. The extramembrane sequence together with human IgG1 Fc cDNA were inserted into the eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3. CD137 Fc gene was expressed transiently in 293T cells, and then CD137 Fc protein was purified by recombinated protein A affinity chromatography column. At last, the MW, purity and antigenicity of CD137 Fc were identified by sandwich ELISA, SDS PAGE and Western blotting, respectively. Results The ORF of CD137 Fc gene was coincident with what we expected. ELISA and SDS PAGE confirmed protein expression in 293T cells. Western blotting proved the antigenicity of the purified CD137 Fc protein. Conclusion We obtained a purified recombinated CD137 Fc protein with biological activity and the expected MW. This lays the foundation for further studies of CD137 such as its role in immune homeostasis and other biological functions.