STUDY DESIGN: Thirty-eight patients with thoracolumbar and lumbar burst fractures were evaluated according to the treatment methods of the retropulsed fragments. OBJECTIVE: To confirm the pure effect of ligamentotaxis according to the approaching methods to tile involved area. SUMMARY OF BACK GROUND DATA: Retropulsed fragments were effectively treated by indirect posterior reduction. Regardless of size of the retropulsed fragments, remodelling process of the retropulsed fragments was progressed during follow-up period. METHODS: 38 patients with burst fractures of thoracolumbar and lumbar spine were divided into two groups according to tile reduction method of the retropulsed fragments ; the one group consisted of 18 cases which were treated by posterior instrumentation and indirect reduction(Group I: ligamentotaxis) and the other groups consisted of 20 cases which were treated by posterior instrumentation and posterior direct reduction(Group II). Change of neural canal compromise rate, neurologic status, remodelling process of the retropulsed fragments were measured using pre-, post-operative and follow-up radiographs and CT. RESULTS: Comparing the two groups, neural canal compromise rates were decreased at postoperative period but, there were no significant differences in both groups. There were no correlation of neurologic status and neural canal compromise rate. We could confirm the remodelling process of the retropulsed fragments, but there were no significant changes according to the size of the retropulsed fragments between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Indirect reduction by posterior instrumentation( ligamentotaxis ) could effectively treat the retropulsed fragments in burst fractures of thoracolumbar and lumbar spine without directs posterior reduction.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neural Tube ; Postoperative Period ; Spine

With the progress of farming and foresting, the demand of agricultural pesticide has been remarkably increased and accordingly, its intoxication has been widely publicized. Among the pesticides, organophosphorus chemicals has been believed to be almost nontoxic because they are not accumulative in the tissue. This study is attempted to examine the effects of DDVP which has been used most frequently on the kidney. And they were divided into normal and experimental groups. The results obtained from this experiment are as follows. 1) BUN, serum creatinine are increased in the group of DDVP administered while serum cholinesterase is suppresed significantly. 2) Microscopically, swelling and degeneration of tubular cells and hyaline casts in tubules. Ultrastructually swelling of mitochondria, partial fragmentation of cristae and electron dense bodies in the kidney are observed in the group of DDVP administered.

BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that diabetic patients are under high oxidative stress and plasma MDA concentration is a reliable marker for oxidative stress. However, some studies showed that plasma MDA is not a good marker for oxidative stress. Reeently, the total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAPc) has been proposed as a marker for the overall antioxidant property of plasma samples. Therefore, in this study, we tried to evaluate whether MDA and TRAPc are reliable markers of the oxidative stress-antioxidant system or not. METHODS: The plasma samples from 67 type 2 diabetic patients and 31 normal subjects were collected. The plasma MDA, protein-bound SH groups, uric acid and vitamin C were determined by fluorophotometry or spectrophotometry. Plasma vitamin E concentration was analyzed by HPLC. Calculated TRAP (TRAPc) were determined by the proposed calculation methods. RESULTS: 1. Diabetic patients had significantly lower TRAPc, compared with normal subjects. 2. SH groups, uric acid, vitamin C and vitamin E were not different between the two groups. 3. MDA and MDA/TG were significantly higher in diabetic subjects. CONCLUSION: From the results of this study, TRAPc seems to be a reliable parameter of overall plasma antioxidant system and the plasma MDA may be used as a marker of oxidative stress, but further long-term logitudinal studies are needed.
Ascorbic Acid ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Fluorophotometry ; Humans ; Oxidative Stress ; Plasma ; Spectrophotometry ; Uric Acid ; Vitamin E ; Vitamins

Ocular rosacea is the eye manifestations of rosacea, which involves the lids, conjunctiva, and cornea. A recent study revealed that all patients with cutaneous rosacea had some degree of ocular involvement which is often undiagnosed. It is difficult to make a diagnosis of ocular rosacea because it lacks clinical or pathological hallmarks. However, early diagnosis and treatment are emphasized to decrease morbidity and prevent potential blindness. We report a case of ocular rosacea in a 49 year-old man who showed blepharoconjunctivitis, keratitis, and cutaneous manifestations of persistent erythema, telangiectasia, and papules. The ocular symptoms and signs had improved significantly with tetracycline therapy.
Blindness ; Conjunctiva ; Cornea ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Erythema ; Eye Manifestations ; Humans ; Keratitis ; Middle Aged ; Rosacea* ; Telangiectasis ; Tetracycline

Generally, the hemolytic disease of newborn caused by anti-c is characterized by the abnormal titer of anti-c in mother's serum and neonatal progressive jaundice caused by IgG induced hemolytic anemia. A female neonate delivered by cesarean section was admitted to Hangang Sacred Hospital due to severe jaundice and apnea on Jul. 7 1998. On admission, laboratory work up was revealed immune hemolytic anemia, but no incompatibility of ABO and Rh(D) system between mother and baby. Minor blood groups of mother and this second baby was ce and Cce. The serologic examination showed positive direct and indirect Coombs' test and the cause of jaundice was proved as the result of hemolytic disease due to anti-c via antibody screening and identification. After 2 times of exchange transfusion, the jaundice was subsided. So we reported a case of hemolytic disease due to anti-c with review of previous literatures.
Anemia, Hemolytic ; Apnea ; Blood Group Antigens ; Cesarean Section ; Coombs Test ; Erythroblastosis, Fetal* ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice ; Mass Screening ; Mothers ; Pregnancy

PURPOSE: To assess the role of blood vessels in the formation of peritumoral abnormal signal intensity which exaggerates the size of malignant tumor on MR images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed MR-microangiographic-pathologic correlation using implanted VX-2 carcinoma in 16 rabbit thighs 1-28 days after tumor implantation. The shape and distribution of abnormal vessels were analyzed on microangiography and on histologic examination in correlation with peritumoral abnormal signal intensity on MR images. RESULTS: Dilated peritumoral blood vessels gave rise to irregular, tortuous tumor vessels penetrated into the tumor. With the tumor growth, hypervascular tumor vessels in peritumoral area and central avascular areas were increased. These hypervascular areas on microangiography were corresponded with abnormal signal intensity on MR images. CONCLUSION: Hypervascularity could be a cause of peritumoral abnormal signal intensity which exaggerates the size of experimentally induced malignant musculoskeletal tumors on MR images.
Blood Vessels* ; Thigh

Sarcoidosis can affect two or more members of the same family, and the reported occurrence of such familial sarcoidosis is variable from 0.5 to 14%. Recently we have experienced familial sarcoidosis affected mother and daughter, for the first time in Korea. Mother was diagnosed as Stage II sarcoidosis 4 years ago by transbronchial lung biopsy and cervical lymph node biopsy with compatible BAL finding in our hospital. This time, the daughter was admitted with bilateral hilar enlargement and anterior uveitis. Even though she had positive tuberculin skin test and atypical BAL finding(lymphocyte: 61%, CD4/CD8: 1.22). Transbronchial lung biopsy and mediastinal lymph node biopsy revealed noncaseating epithelioid granulorna without AFB. Slit lamp examination of the eyes showed severe anterior uveitis. Systemic steroid therapy was started due to progressive uveitis with antituberculous medication.
Biopsy ; Humans ; Korea* ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Mothers ; Nuclear Family ; Sarcoidosis* ; Skin Tests ; Tuberculin ; Uveitis ; Uveitis, Anterior

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is the renal histopathologic lesion observed in 10% of children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Complications include infection, thrombosis, hypocalcemia and adverse effect of steroid use. The incidence of thrombosis reported ranges from 10~40%. The pathogenesis are changes in coagulation system, decrease of Antithrombin III, increase platelet aggregability and steroid or diuretics use. These changes take place passively as a result of increased protein synthesis and urinary loss of low molecular weight protein. We experienced a case of cerebral infarction due to thrombosis associated with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome in a 11 year old male patient who had been hospitalized because of convulsion and semicoma. MRI showed an evolving infarct in the occipital lobe, decreased antithrombin III and increased factor VIII on coagulation factor assay. We hereby report a case of cerebral infarction due to thrombosis associated with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome with a brief review of related literature.
Antithrombin III ; Blood Coagulation Factors ; Blood Platelets ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Child ; Diuretics ; Factor VIII ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental* ; Humans ; Hypocalcemia ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Molecular Weight ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Occipital Lobe ; Seizures ; Thrombosis*

PURPOSE: There have been repoty on radiological features of lower respiratory track infection in infants and children caused by RSV(respiratory syncytial virus) in KOREA. The aims of this study were to summarize radiological features of lower respiratory tract infection caused by common viral agents other than RSV and to find any specific radiological features which might provide clue to the etiologic diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed radiological features in 51 children with symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection and identification of viral agents(except RSV). They included parainfluenza (n=22), adenovirus(n=16), influenza A(n--11), influenza B(n=2) virus infections. The mean age of the patients was 23 months. RESULTS: Major radiological findings of viral lower respiratory tract infection were bilateral parahilar peribronchial infiltration(62%), bilateral overaeration(60%), atelectasis(59%)(segmental or subsegmental atelectasis(43%), Iobar atelectasis(16%)) and patchy or confluent consolidation(20%). Pleural effusion was seen in only one case and hilar adenopathy was not observed in any of them. In the cares of adeno virus, consolidation was seen in 5 cases(31%) including 3 cases919%) of extensive confluent consolidations and overaerations were less frequent findings(44%) than in other viruses. In 24 patients with radiological follow up for more than 1 week, consolidation improved most rapidly, while was persistent atelectasis. CONCLUSION: The major radiologic features in vital lower respiratory tract infection(except RSV) were overinflation, bilateral peribronchial infiltration and atelectasis. In adenoviral infection, confluent consolidations which are usually seen in bacterial pneumonia were more common findings than in other viral lower respiratory tract infections.
Child ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant* ; Influenza, Human ; Korea ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; Pleural Effusion ; Pneumonia, Bacterial ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Respiratory System* ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Retrospective Studies

Cataract extraction is one of the most successful surgical operations currently being performed. In particular, extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens insertion is widely regarded as the treatment best leading to post-surgical improvement in the patient's vision. However, with the increasing use of the 'Nd-YAG laser post capsulotomy' to treat a possible after-cataract following extracapsular cataract extraction, protection of the intraocular lens in the process of that treatment becomes a point at issue. Central to this problem is the degree of separation of the 'laser space' the amount of which was found to be dependent on the inserted lens. Out of total of 122 operations, the absence of a laser ridge on the inserted lens, resulted in the formation of a laser space in only 68.75% of the cases with the average separation being only 0.068mm. Insertion of a lens with a laser ridge, on the other hand, produced a laser space in 100% of the cases with an average separation of some 0.189mm.
Cataract Extraction* ; Cataract* ; Hand ; Lenses, Intraocular