Dermoid cysts of the posterior fossa are benign, mostly midline, congenital brain neopasm, usually located above or behind the vermis or adjacent meninges2)18)20), Dermoid lesions are slow growing and may become quite large before producing signs and symptoms12). We have recently experienced a case of dermoid which arised in cerebellar hemisphere. A 32-year old woman who had a history of chronic headache at morining was visited in our department and she was also complained of a egg-sized plapable mass which was growing nature, non-tender, soft, and movable on the right occipital area. On admission, there were no specific localizing and lateralizing neurological abnormalities. Unenhanced CT scan shows hypodense mass in the left cerebellar hemisphere and cystic mass at the right occipital scalp(Fig. 1. A). T1-weighted MR image shows hypointense mass in the left cerebellar hemisphere(Fig. 2. A). The Carotid angiography shows non-specific findings. Paramedian suboccipital approach was performed and mass was removed from the lleft cerebellar hemisphere. The cystic scalp mass was removed totally from the left cerebellar hemisphere. The cystic scalp mass was removed totally from the right occipital area. Diagnosis of dermoid cyst was confirmed pathologically by the specimens obtained from two different sites, left cerebellar hemisphere and right occipital ccalp.
Adult ; Angiography ; Brain ; Dermoid Cyst* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Headache Disorders ; Humans ; Scalp ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Fertilization in Vitro* ; Fertilization*

No abstract available.
Capsaicin* ; Eosinophils* ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: The clinical value of preoperative serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCC) in relation to clinical stage, tumor volume, disease extent and prognosis has already reported in many papers. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between preoperative SCC level and pelvic lymph node metastasis. Matrials and METHODS: From March 1995 to December 1998, 157 patients who examined pretreatment SCC levels before undergoing radical hysterectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix were included. The effect of pelvic lymph node status on the SCC level was examined by comparing 125 cases with cancer limited uterus or upper vagina and 32 cases with cancer confined to the uterus (including upper vagina) and pelvic lymph node using multivariate analysis. RESULTS: 90% of patients without pelvic lymph node metastasis showed SCC levels of 2.9ng/ml or below. 60.7% of patients with serum SCC level more than 2.9ng/ml exhibited pelvic lymph node metastasis. The marker values exceeding 2.9ng/ml increased risk of nodal metastasis 5 times compared with serum level 2.9ng/ml or below. Multivariate analysis confirmed that the pelvic lymph node metastasis had a large impact on the marker level than did tumor size or depth of stromal infilteration. CONCLUSION: SCC levels greater than 2.9ng/ml can be considered a high risk zone for nodal metastasis
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cervix Uteri ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Lymph Nodes ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Prognosis ; Tumor Burden ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms* ; Uterus ; Vagina

Menopause and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) are important issues today for women. Estrogens improve climacteric complaints and substantially reduce osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. Rational clinical practice during the years of climacteric transition requires counselling on the risks and benefits of hormone replacement therapy and proper management of HRT users. Recently, significant findings from two clinical trials have been published in The Journal of the American Medical Association regarding postmenopausal women's use of oral conjugated equine estrogens and oral medroxyprogesterone acetate. This article reports principal results for the trial of combined estrogen and progestin in women with a uterus. The trial was stopped early based on health risks that exceeded health benefits over an average follow-up of 5.2 years. But, we advised Women who for a number of years have been on the combined estrogen/progestin therapy studied here should not panic, but discuss their individual situation with their physician. As for individual women, a decision about hormone use should take into account a woman's individual risk for specific conditions that may be harmed or benefited by hormone use. With respect to women on short-term use of combination hormone therapy for relief of menopausal symptoms, We note that although such use was not the focus of this study, it may be reasonable for women to continue use for this purpose, since the benefits are likely to outweigh the risks.
American Medical Association ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Climacteric ; Estrogens ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; Humans ; Insurance Benefits ; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ; Menopause ; Osteoporosis ; Panic ; Risk Assessment ; Uterus

Teratomas are neoplasm composed of a wide variety of tissues foreign to the organs or anatomic sites in which they arise. They generally arise in gonads but a few cases are described in extragonadal sites, such as sacro-coccygeal region, mediastinum, neck, and retroperitoneum. Most sacrococcygeal teratomas are encountered in infants, particularly in neonates, and a primary sacrococcygeal teratoma is a extremely rare neoplasm in adults. Recently, we experienced two cases of presacral teratomas arising in adult, therefore we present these cases with a brief review of the literatures
Adult* ; Gonads ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Mediastinum ; Neck ; Teratoma*

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of chromosomal or genetic causes of primary amenorrhea, and was made to assess the etiology of disorders in those patients whose chromosome appeared normal. Sixty eight patients with primary amenorrhea were evaluated clinically and cytogenetically, which were refered to our Cytogenetic Laboratory in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University Hospital, from Aug. 1988 to Dec. 1996. The results were as follows. l. Out of 68 cases with primary amenorrhea, 40 cases (58.9%) had the normal chromosome constitutions and 28 cases (41.1%) had the abnormal chromosome constitutions including 46, XY. 2. Turner's syndrome was found in 25 cases (36.7%), consisting of 11 cases (16.1%) of 45, X, 3 cases (4.3%) of 46, X, i (Xq), 1 case (1.5%) of 46, X, inv (X), 1 case (1.5%) of 46, X, del (Xq), 1 case (1.5%) of 46, X, del (Xp), 1 case (1.5%) of 46, X, tel (Xq), 1 case (1.5%) of 45, X/46, XX, 1 case (1.5%) of 45, X/46, XY, 1 case (1.5%) of 45, X/47, XXX, 2 cases (2.9%) of 45, X/46, X, del (Xq), I case (1.5%) of 45, X/46, X, del (Xq), 1 case (1.5%) of 45, X/46, X, r (X). 3. 3 cases (4.3%) had the 46, XY chromosome constitution consisting of 2 cases (2.9%) of testicular feminization syndrome and 1 case (1.5%) of pure gonadal dysgenesis. 4. Among 40 patients whose chromosome are normal, the etiologies of amenorrhea were assumed to be caused by 11 cases (27.5%) of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (idiopathic), 10 cases (25.0%) of congenital absence of vagina, 5 cases (12.5%) of pure gonadal dysgenesis in order of frequency.
Amenorrhea* ; Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome ; Busan ; Constitution and Bylaws ; Cytogenetics* ; Female ; Gonadal Dysgenesis ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Male ; Obstetrics ; Turner Syndrome ; Vagina

Balloon pulnounary valvuloplasty is an established method in the treatment of congenital valvular pulmonary stenosis. Balloon valvuloplasty was performed by using one or two balloons in a total of 19 mongrel dogs. Cross sectional area ratio ranging 145-406% was used to compare the relative sizes of the pulmonary annulus the balloon Hemodynamic changes and cardiac damages in single and double balloon groups were analyzed. Survival time of double balloon group was longer than that of single balloon group(P<0.05). Increment of the right ven?dular systolic pressure in single balloon group (mean 38 mmHg) was greater than that in double balloon group (mean 18 mmHg) (p<0.05). Decrement of the femoral arterial pressure in single balloon group (mean 87 mmHg) was greater than in double balloon group (mean 41 mmHg) (p<0.05). The locations of trauma were mainly the right ventricular free wall, the main pulmonary artery, the anterior leaflet of the pulmonary valve and in a less degree, anterior wall of the right atrium, the right ventricular outflow tract and the left pulmonary artery in the order of frequency. There were no significant differences in cardiac damages between single and double balloon groups (P>0.05). Major microscopic findings were sloughing of the endotheliu, fibrin deposition, hemorrhage, localized myocardial infarction and so on. In conclusion, double balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty is superior to single balloon technique in survival time and hemodynamics. Therefore, double, balloon technique is recommended for the pulmonary valvuloplasty.
Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Balloon Valvuloplasty ; Blood Pressure ; Catheters* ; Dogs ; Fibrin ; Heart Atria ; Hemodynamics ; Hemorrhage ; Methods ; Myocardial Infarction ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Valve ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis

Balloon pulnounary valvuloplasty is an established method in the treatment of congenital valvular pulmonary stenosis. Balloon valvuloplasty was performed by using one or two balloons in a total of 19 mongrel dogs. Cross sectional area ratio ranging 145-406% was used to compare the relative sizes of the pulmonary annulus the balloon Hemodynamic changes and cardiac damages in single and double balloon groups were analyzed. Survival time of double balloon group was longer than that of single balloon group(P<0.05). Increment of the right ven?dular systolic pressure in single balloon group (mean 38 mmHg) was greater than that in double balloon group (mean 18 mmHg) (p<0.05). Decrement of the femoral arterial pressure in single balloon group (mean 87 mmHg) was greater than in double balloon group (mean 41 mmHg) (p<0.05). The locations of trauma were mainly the right ventricular free wall, the main pulmonary artery, the anterior leaflet of the pulmonary valve and in a less degree, anterior wall of the right atrium, the right ventricular outflow tract and the left pulmonary artery in the order of frequency. There were no significant differences in cardiac damages between single and double balloon groups (P>0.05). Major microscopic findings were sloughing of the endotheliu, fibrin deposition, hemorrhage, localized myocardial infarction and so on. In conclusion, double balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty is superior to single balloon technique in survival time and hemodynamics. Therefore, double, balloon technique is recommended for the pulmonary valvuloplasty.
Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Balloon Valvuloplasty ; Blood Pressure ; Catheters* ; Dogs ; Fibrin ; Heart Atria ; Hemodynamics ; Hemorrhage ; Methods ; Myocardial Infarction ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Valve ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the cytologic smear of the endocervical canal immediately after cervical conization on the rate of residual cervical lesions. METHOD: A retrospective review of 229 patients who underwent cervical conization for high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or microinvasive cancer followed by hysterectomy. Endocervical Papanicolaou smear with a cytologic brush performed immediately after cervical conization in all 229 patients. RESULTS: Fifty-four of 229 patients undergoing cervical conization followed by hysterectomy had residual lesion in the hysterectomy specimen. The prevalence rate of residual lesion according to the margin status of conization specimen as well as the results of the postconization Papanicolaou smear of the endocervical canal was compared. Forty-one of 78 patients (52.6 %) with positive margins had residual lesion compared with thirteen of 151 patients (8.6 %) with negative margins. Twenty-six of 34 patients (76.5 %) with positive postcone cytology had residual lesion compared with twenty-eight of 195 patients (14.4 %) with negative postcone cytology. CONCLUSIONS: Postcone cytologic smear of the endocervical canal as well as margin status are useful in predicting residual lesion after conization.
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; Cervix Uteri ; Conization* ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Papanicolaou Test ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies