Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence of parasuicide and deliberate suicide attempts in the general population of Korea, as well as their associations with sociodemographic risk factors and mental disorders. Methods: This study utilized data from the 2021 National Mental Health Survey of Korea. The survey was conducted between June and August 2021, involving 5,511 respondents aged 18 to 79 years living in communities. The Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI) was used as the survey instrument. Logistic regression analysis was employed for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of parasuicide was 1.1%, and that of deliberate suicide attempts was 0.9%. The risk of parasuicide increased among younger age, while no significant associations with other sociodemographic factors were found.The risk of deliberate suicide attempts was associated with being divorced, separated or widowed and low income. Both parasuicide and deliberate suicide attempts were associated with depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, alcohol use disorders and nicotine use disorders. Conclusions The sociodemographic risk factors of parasuicide and deliberate suicide attempts are distinct. This study provides valuable insights into the mental disorder-related traits associated with parasuicide and deliberate suicide attempts, which could be useful in developing future suicide prevention programs.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of the RKP00156 vaginal tablet, a CDK9 inhibitor, in healthy women and patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2). Methods: We conducted a phase 1/2a clinical trial of RKP00156. In step 1, RKP00156 at a dose of 10, 25, or 50 mg or a placebo tablet was administered transvaginally to 24 healthy women.In step 2, RKP00156 at a dose of 10, 25, or 50 mg or a placebo tablet was administered once daily for 4 weeks in 62 patients with CIN2. The primary endpoints of this trial were the safety of RKP00156 and the change in the human papillomavirus (HPV) viral load. Results: A total of 86 patients were enrolled and randomized. RKP00156 administration did not cause serious drug-associated adverse events (AEs). Although no significant difference in the HPV viral load was found between the experimental and placebo groups, a reduction in the HPV viral load was observed in the 25 mg-dose group (−98.61%; 95% confidence interval=−99.83%, 4.52%; p=0.046) after treatment completion in patients with a high HPV viral load, despite a lack of statistical power. No differences in histologic regression and HPV clearance were observed. Conclusion The safety of RKP00156 was proved with no serious AEs. Although the study did not show any significance in histologic regression and HPV clearance, our findings indicate that RKP00156 may have a possibility of short-term inhibitory effect on HPV replication in patients with higher viral loads.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of the RKP00156 vaginal tablet, a CDK9 inhibitor, in healthy women and patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2). Methods: We conducted a phase 1/2a clinical trial of RKP00156. In step 1, RKP00156 at a dose of 10, 25, or 50 mg or a placebo tablet was administered transvaginally to 24 healthy women.In step 2, RKP00156 at a dose of 10, 25, or 50 mg or a placebo tablet was administered once daily for 4 weeks in 62 patients with CIN2. The primary endpoints of this trial were the safety of RKP00156 and the change in the human papillomavirus (HPV) viral load. Results: A total of 86 patients were enrolled and randomized. RKP00156 administration did not cause serious drug-associated adverse events (AEs). Although no significant difference in the HPV viral load was found between the experimental and placebo groups, a reduction in the HPV viral load was observed in the 25 mg-dose group (−98.61%; 95% confidence interval=−99.83%, 4.52%; p=0.046) after treatment completion in patients with a high HPV viral load, despite a lack of statistical power. No differences in histologic regression and HPV clearance were observed. Conclusion The safety of RKP00156 was proved with no serious AEs. Although the study did not show any significance in histologic regression and HPV clearance, our findings indicate that RKP00156 may have a possibility of short-term inhibitory effect on HPV replication in patients with higher viral loads.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence of parasuicide and deliberate suicide attempts in the general population of Korea, as well as their associations with sociodemographic risk factors and mental disorders. Methods: This study utilized data from the 2021 National Mental Health Survey of Korea. The survey was conducted between June and August 2021, involving 5,511 respondents aged 18 to 79 years living in communities. The Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI) was used as the survey instrument. Logistic regression analysis was employed for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of parasuicide was 1.1%, and that of deliberate suicide attempts was 0.9%. The risk of parasuicide increased among younger age, while no significant associations with other sociodemographic factors were found.The risk of deliberate suicide attempts was associated with being divorced, separated or widowed and low income. Both parasuicide and deliberate suicide attempts were associated with depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, alcohol use disorders and nicotine use disorders. Conclusions The sociodemographic risk factors of parasuicide and deliberate suicide attempts are distinct. This study provides valuable insights into the mental disorder-related traits associated with parasuicide and deliberate suicide attempts, which could be useful in developing future suicide prevention programs.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of the RKP00156 vaginal tablet, a CDK9 inhibitor, in healthy women and patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2). Methods: We conducted a phase 1/2a clinical trial of RKP00156. In step 1, RKP00156 at a dose of 10, 25, or 50 mg or a placebo tablet was administered transvaginally to 24 healthy women.In step 2, RKP00156 at a dose of 10, 25, or 50 mg or a placebo tablet was administered once daily for 4 weeks in 62 patients with CIN2. The primary endpoints of this trial were the safety of RKP00156 and the change in the human papillomavirus (HPV) viral load. Results: A total of 86 patients were enrolled and randomized. RKP00156 administration did not cause serious drug-associated adverse events (AEs). Although no significant difference in the HPV viral load was found between the experimental and placebo groups, a reduction in the HPV viral load was observed in the 25 mg-dose group (−98.61%; 95% confidence interval=−99.83%, 4.52%; p=0.046) after treatment completion in patients with a high HPV viral load, despite a lack of statistical power. No differences in histologic regression and HPV clearance were observed. Conclusion The safety of RKP00156 was proved with no serious AEs. Although the study did not show any significance in histologic regression and HPV clearance, our findings indicate that RKP00156 may have a possibility of short-term inhibitory effect on HPV replication in patients with higher viral loads.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence of parasuicide and deliberate suicide attempts in the general population of Korea, as well as their associations with sociodemographic risk factors and mental disorders. Methods: This study utilized data from the 2021 National Mental Health Survey of Korea. The survey was conducted between June and August 2021, involving 5,511 respondents aged 18 to 79 years living in communities. The Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI) was used as the survey instrument. Logistic regression analysis was employed for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of parasuicide was 1.1%, and that of deliberate suicide attempts was 0.9%. The risk of parasuicide increased among younger age, while no significant associations with other sociodemographic factors were found.The risk of deliberate suicide attempts was associated with being divorced, separated or widowed and low income. Both parasuicide and deliberate suicide attempts were associated with depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, alcohol use disorders and nicotine use disorders. Conclusions The sociodemographic risk factors of parasuicide and deliberate suicide attempts are distinct. This study provides valuable insights into the mental disorder-related traits associated with parasuicide and deliberate suicide attempts, which could be useful in developing future suicide prevention programs.

Background: It is well known that a large number of patients with diabetes also have dyslipidemia, which significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination drugs consisting of metformin and atorvastatin, widely used as therapeutic agents for diabetes and dyslipidemia. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group and phase III multicenter study included adults with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels >7.0% and <10.0%, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) >100 and <250 mg/dL. One hundred eighty-five eligible subjects were randomized to the combination group (metformin+atorvastatin), metformin group (metformin+atorvastatin placebo), and atorvastatin group (atorvastatin+metformin placebo). The primary efficacy endpoints were the percent changes in HbA1c and LDL-C levels from baseline at the end of the treatment. Results: After 16 weeks of treatment compared to baseline, HbA1c showed a significant difference of 0.94% compared to the atorvastatin group in the combination group (0.35% vs. −0.58%, respectively; P<0.0001), whereas the proportion of patients with increased HbA1c was also 62% and 15%, respectively, showing a significant difference (P<0.001). The combination group also showed a significant decrease in LDL-C levels compared to the metformin group (−55.20% vs. −7.69%, P<0.001) without previously unknown adverse drug events. Conclusion The addition of atorvastatin to metformin improved HbA1c and LDL-C levels to a significant extent compared to metformin or atorvastatin alone in diabetes and dyslipidemia patients. This study also suggested metformin’s preventive effect on the glucose-elevating potential of atorvastatin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, insufficiently controlled with exercise and diet. Metformin and atorvastatin combination might be an effective treatment in reducing the CVD risk in patients with both diabetes and dyslipidemia because of its lowering effect on LDL-C and glucose.