After extensive studies of the regenerated meniscus, most of authors believe that newly replaced meniscus completely consisted of fibrous connective tissue Instead of forming fibrocartilaginous tissue. This experiment was planned to investigate the chronological effect on the normal menisci and replaced one which formed after meniscectomy In rabbits knees. Total meniscectomy was performed on the medial menlsci of both knee joints of the 40 young rabbits (5 weeks old), weighting from 300 to 400 gm and 40 adult rabbits weighting from 1800 to 2200gm. In both groups, meniscal specimens were obtained from medial area of both knee joints 3,5, 12,24 and 48 weeks following meniscectomy respectively. Medlcal meniscl of normal 5,12,24 and 48 weeks old rabbits were used as control. Each specimen was examined grossly and histologically. Serial histological sections were cut at 6um and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for the histological examination and Safranln-0 fast green Iron hematoxylin for the histochemical examination. The result obtained were as follows: 1. Macroscopically all regenerated meniscl were less shlny and smaller than normal. Its margin was blunt shaped and completely connected with synovial membrane. 2. The meniscus, at 5 weeks after birth was composed with flbroblast and flbrocyte without cartilage cells. At 12 weeks after birth, In 2 out of 4 menisci flbrocytes were transformed with round oval shaped cells with lacunae and they looked Immature cartilage cells and Iightly stained with Safranin-O. 3. In young experimental rabbits, cartilage cells were found in one out of 14 regenerated meniscl at 12 weeks after meniscectomy while in mature rabbits cartilage cells were found in 2 out of 13 regenerated meniscl at 24 weeks after meniscectomy and newly formed 3 menlsci were strongly stained with Safranin-0. Mean rate of cartilage transformation of regenerated meniscl was 10.6% in young rabbits and 8.1% In adult rabbits without much difference in Incidence of transformation rate. Cartilagenous transformation in the small area of regenerated menlscus was found In 10% of cases. It ls summarized from the result that regenerated meniscl firstiy composed with fibrous tissue, but later on regenerated meniscus partiy transforms Into cartllage cells but not entirely. It is speculated that this cartllaginous transformation is due to adaptive metaplasia.
Adult ; Cartilage ; Connective Tissue ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Hematoxylin ; Humans ; Incidence ; Iron ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Metaplasia ; Parturition ; Rabbits ; Synovial Membrane

No abstract available.
Rhabdomyosarcoma* ; Urinary Bladder*

Synovial sarcoma is one of the most common malignant soft tissue tumors in paraarticular regions. However, it is very rare to occur without any apparent relationship to synovial or articular structures. We report a case of synovial sarcoma manifested as a subcutaneous nodule in the upper lip. A 12-year-old boy complained of a palpable tender mass in the upper lip for several months. Under the impression of a benign soft tissue neoplasm, surgical excision was done. The mass, 1.5 cm in maximum diameter, was easily separated from surrounding tissues. Microscopically, this tumor showed a characteristic biphasic pattern of synovial sarcoma. On immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies, the tumor cells showed evidence of epithelial differentiation. There was no evidence of joint-related, primary lesions or metastatic foci. This report describes a case of synovial sarcoma arising in very unusual location and size for histologically typical synovial sarcoma.
Neoplasm Metastasis

Intrathoracic meningocele is a protrusion of the spinal meninges through an intervertebral foramen into thethoracic cavity. The majority occur in association with neurofibromatosis. The authors experienced a case ofintrathoracic meningocele in 26 years old male patient associated with neurofibromatosis, and present conventional CT and CT metrizamide myelographic findings.
Humans ; Male ; Meninges ; Meningocele ; Metrizamide ; Myelography ; Neurofibromatoses

No abstract available.
Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Radiosurgery*

Pulmonary embolism of lipiodol or ethanol may occur inadvertently during the procedure of diagnostic or therapeutic embolization. We studied the nature of pulmonary damage, and its relation to the amount of lipiodol and ethanol embolized into the lung. Various doses of embolic agents(lipiodol 0.4cc/kg, 0.08cc/kg, absolute ethanol 0.4cc/kg, 0.03cc/kg and normal saline 0.4cc/kg)were injected intravenously through femoral vein in 50 rats(10 rats in each group). Pulmonary pathologic changes were analyzed on the 3rd and 28th days subsequent to injection. On the 3rd day, three of 10 lipiodol cases and all(10) ethanol cases showed multifocal pulmonary hemorrhages. Accompanying inflammatory cell infiltration was found only in lipiodol cases. On the 28th day, one of 10 lipiodol cases and four of 10 ethanol cases showed non-specific pneumopathy suggesting mild focal pulmonary fibrosis. The degree of pulmonary damage appeared to depend on the amount of injected embolic agents although their safety doses could not be clarified exactly. Therefore, we suggest careful injection of embolic agents, especially ethanol, during the embolization procedure to prevent possible pulmonary damage by inadvertent pulmonary embolism.
Animals ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Ethanol* ; Ethiodized Oil* ; Femoral Vein ; Hemorrhage ; Lung ; Pulmonary Embolism* ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; Rats

Phospholipase C (PLC) plays a pivotal role in transmembrane signal transduction pathway for cellular proliferation differentiation and growth. Thus far, there have been few reports in which PLC activity was investigated in human malignant neoplastic tissues. In the present study, we evaluated PLC activity in 23 human gastric cancer tissues and normal mucosal tissues to investigate whether alteration of PLC activity is associated with gastric cancer. The amount of [14C] diacylglycerol, one of the earliest products of inositol phospholipid hydrolysis by PLC, was measured by thin layer chromatography. Also, expression of PLC-gamma1, which is one of the most important PLC isozymes,was examined by immunohistochemistry using specific monoclonal antibody directed against PLC-gamma1. The results are summarized as follows. PLC activity in all 23 gastric cancer tissues (1.35+/-1.04 units/mg of protein) was significantly higher than normal mucosal tissues (0.28+/-0.21 units/mg of protein) (P<0.001). PLC activity in gastric cancer tissues was not correlated with histologic grade (P>0.05). PLC-gamma1 immunoreactivity was detected in all of 23 cases studied. The intensity and extent of PLC-gamma1 immunoreactivity was not correlated with PLC enzyme activity, although stronger intensity was demonstrated in malignant cells in comparison to normal gland epithelial cells. The present study provides the first evidence of significant elevation of PLC activity in human stomach cancer tissues. Our results strongly suggest that PLC might be involved in tumorigenesis and/or progression(uncontrolled continuous cycling of cells) of human gastric cancer. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of elevated PLC activity in cancer tissues.
Humans ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Stomach Neoplasms

Intrahepatic stones are frequently associated with recurrent pyogenic cholangiohepatitis and complete surgical removal of the stones is almost always difficult because of the large number of stones and associated bile duct strictures. One hundred and seventy-nine patients with retained intrahepatic stones underwent percuttaneous stone removal utilizing a preshaped angulated catheter and a Dormia basket under fluoroscopy with a combination of techniques including irrigation-suction. crushing of large stones. balloon dilatation of strictures and extracorporenal shock wave lithotripsy. The procedure was performed through a mature T-tube tract (177 patients) and a mature transhepatic tube tract (two patients). Stones were exclusively intrahepatic in 130 patients. whereas 49 patients also had stones in the common bile duct. In 91 (50.8%) of 179 patients. the stones were completely removed and in 36 (20.1%) patients most of the stones were removed. The overall success rate was 70.9% ngulation deformity. stricture of bile ducts and impacted stones were the factor most often responsible for failure, No significant complications were observed. Fluoroscopicalyy-guided percutaneous interventional procedures with a preshaped angulated catheter is an useful complementary procedure to surgery for patients with intrahepatic stones. the major benefits of an individually fitted angulated catheter are its safety and easy access to small peripheral bile ducts.
Bile Ducts ; Catheters* ; Common Bile Duct ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dilatation ; Fluoroscopy ; Humans ; Lithotripsy ; Shock

No abstract available.

This study demonstrated that xenogenic human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) could elicit the regeneration of the sensory nerve after axotomy in the adult rats'infraorbital nerves without immunosuppression. For this, we evaluated the behavioral testing for functional recovery of the nerve and histological findings at weeks 3 and 5 compared to controls. Xenogenic hMSCs did not evoke any significant inflammatory or immunologic reaction after systemic and local administrations. HMSCs-treated rats exhibited significant improvement on sensory recovery tested with von Frey monofilaments. At 5 postoperative weeks, in the hMSCs treated nerve, expression of myelin basic protein (MBP), neurofilament (NF) at the site of axotomy was higher than control. And mRNA expression of neurotropin receptor Trk precursor (TrkPre), nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) and neuropeptide (NPY) in trigeminal ganglion were also higher. The number of myelinated nerve at distal stump and cells in trigeminal ganglion were higher in hMSC treated rats. So it was supposed that transplanted MSCs contributed to reducing post-traumatic degeneration and production of neurotrophic factors. Immunofluorescence labeling showed small portion of hMSCs(<10%) expressed a phenotypic marker of Schwann cell (S-100). Xenogenic or allogenic mesenchymal stem cells might have immune privileged characteristics and useful tool for cell based nerve repair.
Adult ; Animals ; Axotomy ; Bone Marrow* ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans* ; Immunosuppression ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells* ; Myelin Basic Protein ; Myelin Sheath ; Nerve Growth Factor ; Nerve Growth Factors ; Nerve Regeneration ; Neuropeptides ; Rats* ; Regeneration* ; RNA, Messenger ; Trigeminal Ganglion