Objectives To evaluate the function of peripheral blood T cell subsets in uremia patients and the influence of hemodialysis on them.Methods Expression of CD3,CD4 and CD8 antigen on peripheral blood T cells from 30 cases of hemodialysis and non-hemodialysis patients was evaluated by flow cytometry.Fifteen volunteers were also examined as normal controls.Results The expression of CD3,CD4,CD8 and CD4 +/CD8 + ratio in non-hemodialysis group(NHD) was significantly lower than that of control group(P

Objective To investigate the relationship between noninvasive brachial artery blood pressure (B) and radial artery blood pressure (R) of the right arm.Methods Two hundred and ninetyfive patients with 149 males and age of (47 ± 16) years were studied.The height of patients was 163 ± 8 cm,and weight of patients was (61.2 ± 7.8) kg.The patients with peripheral vascular disease,wounds of arm skin or subcutaneous tissue infection were all excluded.Their B (with adult cuffs) and R (with infant cuffs) of the right arm were measured and analyzed after the patients under general anesthesia and stable hemodynamics.The relationships between B and R were analyzed by linear regression,the differences between B and R of each interval were compared using one-way ANOVA and then followed by SNK procedure.Results Right brachial artery blood pressure was significantly lower than radial artery blood pressure.The differences between the two varied from 13 to 18 mmHg in systolic BP (SBP),diastolic BP (DBP) and mean blood pressure (MAP).And linear regression was most applicable to describe their correlation [r=0.841 (SBP),0.808 (DBP),0.833 (MAP),all P＜0.01].Conclusions Radial artery blood pressure measured with infant cuffs can well reflect the variation of brachial artery blood pressure.

Animals ; Habenula ; cytology ; drug effects ; Male ; Microelectrodes ; Neurons ; drug effects ; physiology ; Pain ; Pregnanolone ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective:To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI)among the medical students.Methods:A total of 603 undergraduate students were selected from a medical school in Beijing using a stratified-cluster random-sampling strategy,who were assessed by using the Chinese version of PSQI.Then 1 71 subjects were randomly selected to retest about 1 month later,using a variety of psychometric properties to evaluate reliability and validity of the scale. Results:The average of global PSQI scores was 5.38 ±2.34,the overall Cronbach’s αcoefficient of all the scale items was 0.734,the half-split reliability coefficient was 0.655;the test-retest correlation coef-ficient was 0.530 for global PSQI score,and there was no statistically significant difference before and af-ter (P >0.05).As for the construct validity,confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that the two factor model (containing sleep efficiency factor and sleep quality factor)was the optimal model (good-ness-of-fit index 0.949,root of the mean square residual 0.083,comparative fit index 0.699),and the factor loading for “hypnotic drug use”was the lowest.Using subjective sleep quality of the students as the criteria,the global PSQI score was statistically different between the criteria-based groups (P <0.001 ).And the area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC)curve which was plotted using the global score of PSQI was 0.908 (95%CI:0.880 -0.936).Conclusion:The Chinese version of PSQI has been verified,having good reliability and validity among the medical students,and is an effec-tive tool to investigate and screen the sleep quality of medical students in China.

Objective: To determine the role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) secreted by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in the maintenance of hemodialysis in patients with immune deficiency and to evaluate thot if IL-10 can bea biocompatibility index of dialyzer. Methods: Twenty patients with end-stage renal disease were divided into maintenance hemodialysis group (MHD group) and non-hemodialysis group (NHD group). Patients in MHD group were dialyzed with cellulose (CA group) and polysulfone (PS group) dialyzers respectively. Ten healthy persons were as controls (CON group). The levels of IL-10 in supernatants of PBMC cultured with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were measured by using ELISA method in all groups. Results: There was no spontanous IL-10 secretion in all groups. The level of IL-10 in all supernatants secreted by PBMC cultured with LPS increased significantly, and the increased levels of IL-10 in MHD and NHD patients were lower than that in controls. The PBMC stimulated by LPS secreted more IL-10 in patients dialyzed by PS with better biocompatibility than those of CA dialyzers with poor biocompatibility. Conclusion: Patients immune deficiency could be improved by using better biocompatible dialyzers more than poor ones, particularly in humoral immunity induced by urimia. The IL-10 could be a parameter in evaluating the biocompatibility of dialyzer.

To build the Dendrobium nobile -T2DM network, and elucidate the molecular mechanism of D. nobile to type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Collect the chemical composition of D. nobile and the targets on T2DM by retrieving database and documents, build the network of D. nobile to T2DM using the entity grammar systems inference rules. The molecular mechanism of D. nobile to T2DM includes: (1) regulating lipid metabolism by lowering triglyceride; (2) reducing insulin resistance; (3) protecting islet cells; (4) promoting the glucose-dependent insulin tropic peptide (GIP) secretion; (5) inhibiting calcium channel. Under the guidance of network pharmacology, through entity grammar systems inference rules we elucidate the molecular mechanism of D. nobile to T2DM, and provide the basis for the further development of health care products based on D. nobile.
Animals ; Calcium Channels ; genetics ; metabolism ; Databases, Factual ; Dendrobium ; chemistry ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; drug effects ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Insulin Resistance ; Islets of Langerhans ; metabolism ; Triglycerides ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the correlation between EEG characteristics of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and drug-seeking behavior of rats with morphine dependent place preference under shuttling condition.

METHODSForty rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10): morphine PL group, NS PL group, morphine IL group and NS IL group. After embeding the electrode in prelimbic (PL) or infralimbic (IL) cortex of each group by brain stereotaxic operation, the model of morphine dependent conditioned place preference (CPP) in rats was established. The differences of EEG wave percentage in mPFC were telemetered and analyzed when rats shuttled before and after the model.

RESULTSAfter the model, the withdrawal symptoms were evident in morphine PL and IL group, and the activity time and distance in white box were increased obviously. Compared with control group, after the model, the EEG in morphine PL group showed that: when the rats shuttled to white box, 8 wave decreased obviously, P wave increased obviously. When the rats shuttled to black box, brain waves showed opposite changes. The EEG in morphine IL group showed that: when the rats shuttled to white box, a wave increased obviously, P and a wave decreased obviously. When the rats shuttled to black box, the brain wave had no significant differences compared with control group.

CONCLUSIONThe EEG changes are different in PL and IL cortex of morphine CPP rats under shuttling condition, and the EEG changes are also different when rats shuttling to white or black box. There is possibly different mechanism, when different drug-seeking environmental cues caused EEG changes in different regions of mPFC.

Animals ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Cues ; Drug-Seeking Behavior ; Electroencephalography ; Morphine Dependence ; physiopathology ; Prefrontal Cortex ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Telemetry

Aim Toinvestigatetheantagonisticeffect of intrathecal injection of carbenoxolone (CBX ) on neuropathic pain and its underlying mechanism.Meth-ods SixtymaleSprague-Dawleyratswererandomly divided into five groups (n =12 ):group I received sham surgery then treated with saline;group Ⅱ re-ceived SNT then treated with saline;groupⅢreceived SNT then treated with 0. 05 μg CBX;group Ⅳ re-ceived SNT then treated with 0. 5 μg CBX;group Ⅴreceived SNT then treated with 5 μg CBX.Treatment was undertaken with 10 μl volume as a single intrathe-cal injection on postoperative day 10.Mechanical with-drawl thresholds were measured 1 d before operation, 1,3,5,7 and 10 d after surgery,1 h before intrathe-cal administration,and 1 ,2,4,6 h after intrathecal administration.Lumbar spinal cord was obtained 2 h after intrathecal administration to determine the expres-sions of GFAP by immunohistology and TNF-α,IL-1βby ELISA in bilateral spinal dorsal horns.Results Comparedwiththeshamgroup,thebilateralMWTin group Ⅱ ~Ⅴ was significantly decreased.Compared with the MWT 1 h before intrathecal administration on day 10,the values at 1 ,2,4,6 h after administration of group Ⅱ and Ⅲ had no marked difference.The ip-silateral MWT in groupⅣhad no significant difference at 1,2,4 h after administration,the contralateral MWT was significantly increased,whereas GFAP and TNF-α,IL-1βwas significantly decreased in the spinal cord .In group Ⅴthe bilateral MWT was significantly improved at 1 ,2,4 h after administration,whereas GFAP and TNF-α,IL-1βwere significantly decreased inthespinalcord.Conclusions IntrathecalCBXcan inhibit the development of bilateral MWT.The analge-sic effect of CBX is implemented partly via suppressing the actation of GFAP and the realease of TNF-α,IL-1βin the spinal doral horn.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of MUC1,MUC2,MUC4 and MUC5AC in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDA).Methods To analyze the expression profiles of MUC1,MUC2,MUC4 and MUC5AC in PDA(n=26),chronic pancreatitis(CP,n=4),normal pancreas(n=16)and intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm(IPMN)(n=2),solid-pseudo-papillary tumor of pancreas(SPT)(n=4),serous cystic neoplasm(SCN)(n=1)using immunohistochemistry.Results Positive staining with MUC1 Was exclusively found in normal pancreas and CP tissues(100%);the expression of MUC1,MUC4 and MUCSAC in PDA was 100%,88.5%(23/26)and 76.9%(20/26)in PDA tissue;MUC2 and MUC5AC were expressed in 2 samples of IPMN;none of the four mucins were expressed in Sfrr and SCN.There was no association between the expression of MUC4,MUC5AC and the clinicopathologic parameters in PDA(P＞0.05).Conclusions Multiple mucins were expressed in PDA.Measurement of the mucin profile including all 4 mueins(MUC1,MUC2,MUC4,and MUC5AC)may be helpful in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of PDA.

ObjectiveTo observe the expressions of PPAR-γ protein during the course of pancreatic fibrosis of chronic pancreatitis (CP) in Wistar rats and its significance.Methods Bibutyltin dichloride ( DBTC,8 mg/kg body weight) in a volume of 200 ml solvent was injected into the tail vein to establish the CP rat's model.Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and 1,3,5,7,14,42 d group according to weights.Pancreatic tissue underwent routine pathological examination,and collagen accumulation in pancreatic sections was determined by staining for Sirius Red.Pancreatic myeloperoxidase (MPO)activity was determined.Expressions of α-SMA and PPAR-γ proteins were assessed by immunohistochemical method.Results Light microscopy showed signs of acute pancreatitis with interstitial edema and infiltration of neutrophilic granulocytes 7 d after DBTC injection.Acinar cells necrosis,atrophy,lymphocytes and monocytes infiltration,fibrosis within lobule and peri-lobule as well as pancreatic duct changes were found,which was in accord with the course from AP to CP.One days after induction,the activity of MPO,expressions of α-SMA was significantly increased[ (0.78 ±0.71) vs (0.15 ±0.05)U/g,6.67 ±3.14 vs 0,P＜0.05],then it did not increase with time of induction.Seven days after induction,collagen level reached the peak [ (45.42 ±15.99)％ ],which was significantly higher than that in control group [ (10.87 ± 2.28 )％,P ＜ 0.05 ].Collagen fibers accumulated from periductal to intra-acinar and/or inter-acinar areas.In control rats,the expression of PPAR-γ protein was positive only in vessel walls,and the expression level was 0.17±0.41 and increased with time of induction,then reached the peak of 4.83 ± 2.71 at 42 d.ConclusionsDuring the course of pancreatic fibrosis in rats,the expression of PPAR-γ protein is gradually increased,and plays a limited anti-inflammation and anti-fibrosis role.