Authors retrospectively analyzed the CT findings of cystic tumors of the mediastinum in surgically confirmed13 cases at Seoul National University Hospital during the recent 3 years from August 1980 to August 1983. Theresults are as follows: 1. Among 13 cases, bronchogenic cyst and cystic teratoma were 4 cases respectively,pericardial cyst were 2 cases, and thymic cyst and cystic hygroma was 1 case respectively. 2. CT No. of 4bronchogenic cysts was in the range of 12-112 HU, 3 cases among them had thick-walled capsules. CT No. of 4 cysticteratomas was in the range of
Bronchogenic Cyst ; Capsules ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Lymphangioma, Cystic ; Mediastinal Cyst ; Mediastinum ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Teratoma

The multistage maximal exercise test was performed to 135 cases with various heart disease and 207 control group between jan. 1980 and Dec. 1980 in KoreaGeneral Hospital. The change of heart rate, blood pressure and ST segment in various heart disease were compared with those in control group. The results were followings; 1. There were 130 male and 77 female of cases with control group, whose mean age were 50 years old. 2. General check up was the most common underlying disease of control group(67 patients) and the others were gastritis (28), neurosis (24), diabets mellitus (17), hepatitis (4) and peptic ulcer (4) frequency. 3. Change of heart rate, blood pressure and ST segment in control group during GXT were 89~154, 119/80~157/88 mmHg and 0.6~2 mm. 4. There were 81 male and 51 female of cases with various heart disease group, whose mean age were 50 years old. 5. Atherosclerotic heart disease was the most common underlying disease of various heart disease group (49 patients) and the others were hypertension (34), hypertensive cardiovascular disease (22), labile hypertension (14), angina (7), arrythmia (6) and others (3) in frequency. 6. Change of heart rate, blood pressure and ST segment in various heart disease group during GXT were 85~148, 140/93~178/102 mmHg and -0.7~1.3mm. ST segment in atherosclerotic heart disease, hypertension, hypertensive cardiovascular disease, valvular heart disease and myocardial infarction were significantly depressed(p<0.05) compared with ST segment in control group.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Exercise Test* ; Female ; Gastritis ; Heart Diseases* ; Heart Rate ; Heart Valve Diseases ; Heart* ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; Peptic Ulcer

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma*

PURPOSE: To describe the radiological differences between tuberculous(TBB) and non-tuberculous bronchiectasis(NTBB). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chest radiographs(n=62), bronchograms(n=18), and CT scans(n=52) of 37 patients with TBB and 25 patients with NTBB were reviewed retrospectively. Diagnostic basis for TBB were positive sputum AFB with or without history of anti-tuberculous chemotherapy(n=35), and radiological findings of pulmonary tuberculosis (n=2). Four of NTBB had a history of severe respiratory tract infection in childhood. RESULTS: Air-fluid levels on chest radiographs were seen in 2% of TBB, and 20% of NTBB. On bronchograms, all patients with TBB had combined focal bronchostenosis, whereas patients with NTBB had tubular(50%), cystic(17%), or mixed(33%) pattern of dilatation without stenosis. On CT scans, focal emphysema was seen in 86% of the patients with TBB, and 38% of the patients with NTBB. Peribronchiolar infiltration were seen in 78% and 44% of patients with TBB and NTBB, retrospectively. CONCLUSION: Basic radiological difference between TBB and NTBB was that the former had coexistent sten.
Bronchiectasis* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Retrospective Studies ; Sputum ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Generally the clinical results of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease were evaluated until the time of disease healing. However, it is well known that the deformities of the proximal femur progress to the period of skeletal maturity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the progression of the deformities in the proximal femur. In a retrospective study of 60 patients with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, who visited Chonnam National University Hosipital 1974 and 1995 and who were followed until the skeletal maturity, the bony changes of the proximal femur were compared between disease healing stage and skeletal maturity. The results were as follow; 1. More bony deformities were identified in skeletal maturity than in disease healing. 2. The quotient of inferior border of medial femoral neck decreased from 60% in disease healing to 45% in skeletal maturity (P < 0.001). 3. The femoral shortening increased from 4.9mm in disease healing to 10mm in skeletal maturity (P < 0.001). 4. The femoral neck-shaft angle decreased from 128 degrees in disease healing to 125 degrees in skeletal maturity (P < 0.001). 5. The proximal migration of greater trochanter increased from 13.8mm in disease healing to 21.3mm in skeletal maturity (P < 0.001). 6. There were no significant statistical differences in clinical results between operative and conservative treatment groups. 7. The spherical quotient of femoral head and Stulberg rate revealed no differences between disease healing and skeletal maturity. These results revealed that there were considerable differences of the deformities in the proximal femur at the time of disease healing and skeletal maturity.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Femur Neck ; Femur ; Head ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease ; Retrospective Studies

There have been a few repots that serum immunoglobulins are increased in Perthes' disease suggesting possible immunological involvement in the pathophysiology of the disease. Joseph(1991) suggested that the raised IgM concentrations might be related to complications of Perthes' disease such as striking reduction of movement, fixed deformities and striking reduction of movement, fixed deformities and chondrolysis and that immunological mechanisms might be implicated in the mediation of some of the changes in Perthes' disease. More studies are necessary to prove the results. The purpose of this study is to detect if there is a true increase of serum immunoglobulins in Perthes' disease.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulins ; Negotiating ; Strikes, Employee

The authors have analysed 39 rheumatoid wrists in 25 rheumatoid patients, who underwent vsrious surgeries including arthroscopic and open synovectomy, partial and total arthrodesis and total wrist arthroplasty at the department of orthopaedic surgery, St. Mary's Hospital from November 1985 to April 1988, and the effect of eaeh surgery on the wrist function and proper time of operation are discussed. The results were as follows; 1. The patients who were classified as a classical rheumatoid arthritis according to the ARA criteria were four males and twenty-one females, with a mean age of 43 yesrs, and the functional capacity of the patients before operation was graded in III for twenty-threeand in IV for two patients. 2. Out of 25 patients (39 wrists), 14 patients are in bilateral and II patients in unilateral involvement. The synovectomy in 13 wrists, arthrodesis in 24 wrists and total joint replacement in 2 wrists were performed and followed them for average 17 months after operation. 3. The synovectomy were done for 13 wrists in grade II and III according to the classification of rheumstoid arthritis by radiology(3). There were two cases of recurrence in the cases of synovectomy, but not in replacement and arthrodesis. 4. The arthrodesis of wrist was performed for 24 wrists-bilateral arthrodesis in 3 patient (6 wrists) and unilateral fusion in 18 patients. For 4 cases out of 24 cases of wrist arthrodesis, the second and third carpo-metacsrpal joints were fused simultaneously. 5. Protek total wrist arthroplasty was done in 2 cases snd followed them for more than9 months with relatively good clinical results. Finally, it is our beliefs for rheumatoid wrists that surgery is often indicated to control the various wrist problems, early synovectomy is strongly indicated, and partial wrist fusion has proven to be effective in patients with moderate destruction, deformity and pain, but the total wrist arthrodesis and arthroplasty is still in controversy. The proper surgery for rheumatoid wrist should be determined by the clinical severity of disease and radiological changes of wrist.
Arthritis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Arthrodesis ; Arthroplasty ; Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Humans ; Joints ; Male ; Recurrence ; Wrist

To investigate the effectiveness of the interventions in working environment and personal hygiene for the occupational exposure to the lead, the blood zinc protoporphyrin(ZPP) concentrations of 131 workers ( 100 exposed subjects and 31 controls ) of a newly established battery factory were analyzed. They were measured in every 3 months up to 18 months. Air lead concentration (Pb-A) of the workplaces was also checked for 3 times in 6 months interval from August 1987. Environmental intervention included the local exhaust ventilation and vacuum cleaning of the floor. Intervention of the personal hygiene included the daily change of clothes, compulsory shower after work and hand washing before meal, prohibition of cigarette smoking and food consumption at the work site and wearing mask. Mean blood ZPP concentration of the controls was 16.45+/-4.83 microgram/dashliter at the preemployment examination and slightly increased to 17.77+/-5.59 microgram/dashliter after 6 months. Mean blood ZPP concentration of the exposed subjects who were employed before the factory was in operation (Group A) was 17.36+/-5.20 microgram/dashliter on employment and it was increased to 23.00+/-13.06 microgram/dashliter after 3 months. The blood ZPP concentration was increased to 27.25+/-6.40 microgram/dashliter on 6 months (p<0.01) after the employment which was 1 month after the initiation of intervention program. It did not increase thereafter and ranged between 25.48 microgram/dashliter and 26.61 microgram/dashliter in the subsequent 4 results. Mean blood ZPP concentration of the exposed subjects who were employed after the factory had been in operation but before the intervention program was initiated (Group B) was 14.34+/-6.10 microgram/dashliter on employment and it was increased to 28.97+/-7.14 microgram/dashliter (p<0.01) in 3 months later(1 month after the intervention). The values of subsequent 4 tests were maintained between 26.96 microgram/dashliter and 27.96 microgram/dashliter. Mean blood ZPP concentration of the exposed subjects who were employed after intervention program had been started (Group C) was 21.34+/-5.25 microgram/dashliter on employment and it was gradually increased to 23.37+/-3.86 microgram/dashliter (p<0.01) after 3 months, 23.93+/-3.64 microgram/dashliter after 6 months, 25.50+/-3.01 microgram/dashliter (p<0.01) after 9 months, and 25.50+/-3.10 microgram/dashliter after 12 months. Workplaces were classified into 4 parts according to Pb-A. The Pb-A of part I, the highest areas, were 0.365 microgram/m4, and after the intervention the levels were decreased to 0.216 microgram/m4 and 0.208 microgram/m4 in follow-up test. The Pb-A of part II which was resulted in lower value than part I was decreased from 0.232 microgram/m4 to 0.148 microgram/m4, and 0.120 microgram/m4 after the intervention. The Pb-A of part III was tested after the intervention and resulted in 0.124 microgram/m4 in January 1988 and 0.081 microgram/m4 in August 1988. The Pb-A of part IV was also tested after the intervention and resulted in 0.110 microgram/m4 in August 1988. There was no consistent relationship between Pb-A and blood ZPP concentration. The blood ZPP concentration of the group A and B workers in the part of the highest Pb-A were lower than those of the workers in the parts of lower Pb-A. The blood ZPP concentration of the workers in the part of the lowest Pb-A increased more rapidly. The blood ZPP concentration of the group C workers was the highest in part III. These findings suggest that the intervention in personal hygiene is more effective than environmental intervention, and it should be carried out from the first day of employment and to both the exposed subjects, blue color workers and the controls, white color workers.
Cohort Studies* ; Employment ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand Disinfection ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Masks ; Meals ; Occupational Exposure ; Smoking ; Vacuum ; Ventilation ; Workplace ; Zinc*

PURPOSE: To elucidate high-resolution CT(HRCT) findings and their pathologic basis in pulmonary oil embolism induced by LipiodoI-Adriamycin emulsion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pulmonary oil embolism was induced by infusing LipiodoI-Adriamycin emulsion through a peripheral vein in twelve Yorkshire pigs. Serial HRCT scans were performed on 2rid, 4th, 7th, 14th, and 28th day after the procedure. The pigs were sacrificed immediately after HRCT and histologic specimens were prepared in the same plane and level with HRCT. RESULTS: The basic pathology was reversible hemorrhagic edema of the lung. On HRCT, intraalveolar hemorrhage and edema in the acute stage manifested as ground-glass opacity or air-space consolidation of the whole secondary Iobule. The lesions were predominantly distributed over the dependent posterior lung fields because the specific gravity of Lipiodol is 1.28. Interlobular septal thickening due to edematous fluid collection was also associated. With the elapse of time, the extent and severity of the acute lesions resolved and, sometimes, changed into small nodular opacities. Pulmonary opacity was most severe on the post-embolization 2nd day and completely resolved within 2 weeks. CONCLUSION: Pulmonary embolization of LipiodoI-Adriamycin emulsion causes reversible hemorrhagic edema of the lung and Lipiodol toxicity seems to play a major role. HRCT findings of pulmonary oil embolism are quite different from those of pneumonia and pulmonary metastasis, which suggests the possibility of clincal application.
Edema ; Embolism* ; Ethiodized Oil ; Hemorrhage ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pathology ; Pneumonia ; Specific Gravity ; Swine ; Veins

The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of spinal anesthesia on serum glucose which is still controversial and to observe the changes of serum glucose according to the blocked level and intrathecal morphine and epinephrine mixed with local anesthetic(tetracaine). 67 patients(age; 16-83, ASA. ps. 1-3) for lower abdominal or lower extremity operation, had no disease affecting serum glucose level and were not contraindicated for spinal anesthesia, were selected randomly and divided them into each 3 group depending on the sensory block level and with or without intrathecal morphine and epinephrine mixed with local anesthetic (tetracaine) as fo11ows; Ggroup l (N =8); high spinal anesthesia(above T4) Group 2(N=23); middle spinal anesthesia(T5~T9) Group 3(N=26); low spinal anesthesia(below T10) Group A(N=18): tetracaine only Group B(N=17); tetracaine+epinephrine(0.2 mg) Group C(N = 32); tetracaine+ epinephrine(0.2 mg)+ morphine(0.2 mg) All patients except emergency cases were premedicated with nalbuphine(5 mg) and droperidol(2.5mg) or hydroxyzine(1 mg/kg) and were kept NPO 6-12hr. Hartman's solution were used for the maintenance fluid. Serum glucose were measured before operation, just immediate before and after spinal anesthesia and at 30 min. after starting operation with Glucometer-2(Miles inc, Indiana, USA). The results were as follows; 1) The values of serum glucose after spinal anesthesia were not changed significantly compared with those of the immediate before anesthesia(P> 0.05). 2) The values of serum glucose according to sensory block level were not changed significanly compared with each group(P>0.05). 3) The values of serum glucose when using mixed epinephrine and morphine with tetracaine intrathecally were not changed significantly compared with using tetracaine only(P>0.05). These results suggested that spinal anesthesia itself did not affect serum glucose level, and neither the sensory block level nor iatrathecal epinephrine and morphine affect serum glucose level. Increased serum glucose caused by surgical stress might be attenuated by spinal anesthesis when lower extremity and lower abdominal operation.
Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Blood Glucose* ; Emergencies ; Epinephrine* ; Humans ; Indiana ; Lower Extremity ; Morphine* ; Tetracaine