No abstract available.
Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE:To identify the main toxic gas released from salted radish in rice bran(Dan-Mu-Ji) and to introduce the radiological findings of the patient who was exposed to the gas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chest radiographs and CT scans of one survivor among three men who were exposed to the gas from Dan-Mu-Ji were reviewed. Gas obtained from the closed bottle containing Dan-Mu-Ji was analized by using the gas chromatography. RESULTS: The radiographic examinations of the survivor were suggestive of pulmonary edema with it's rapidly improving consolidations in both lung. The headspace gas within the bottle containing Dan-Mu-Ji was mainly composed with carbon dioxide, ethyl alcohol and hydrogen sulfide, of which hydrogen sulfide was considered the main toxic gas released. CONCLUSION: Under the anaerobic condition, Dan-Mu-Ji released toxic hydrogen sulfide. Inhalation of hydrogen sulfide might produce non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
Anoxia* ; Carbon Dioxide ; Chromatography, Gas ; Ethanol ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; Inhalation ; Lung ; Male ; Pulmonary Edema ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Raphanus* ; Survivors ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Hemorrhagic cellulitis consists of an acute onset of extremely painful erythema which affects dependent areas, followed by dermal hemorrhaging and sloughing of the overlying epidermis. Hemorrhagic cellulitis in the initial stage is frequently misdiagnosed as bacterial cellulitis. The disease differs from cellulitis because of it's large area of hemorrhaging, which is an unusual feature in bacterial cellulitis. Failure to recognize and treat the early stage of the disease results in necrosis of the skin and sometimes gangrene down to the deep fascia. Treatment in the early stages consists of corticosteroids in combination with antibiotics. We report a case of hemorrhagic cellulitis in the right lower leg of a 66-year-old male with diabetes mellitus. Begining as a tender erythematous streak, the lesions became hemorrhagic and evolved progressively through the hemorrhagic vesicobullous stage, to necrotic crusts in about 2 weeks. Cultural isolation showed Enterobacter cloacea.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cellulitis* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Enterobacter ; Epidermis ; Erythema ; Fascia ; Gangrene ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Necrosis ; Skin

Hypermobility of the bladder neck in response to increased intraabdominal pressure is the anatomical cause of female stress urinary incontinence ( SUI) and the degree of bladder neck movement has been used to classify SUI patients and to guide management decisions. We performed transvaginal ultrasonography in 14 SUI patients and 20 normal female as control to assess its role on the demonstration of the anatomical features associated with SUI. We adopted three anatomical factors in the sagittal plane which affect the bladder neck mobility , vertical (JY) and horizontal(JX) distance difference between pubic symphysis and bladder neck, and rotation angle difference(JZ) composed of by pubic symphysis and bladder neck during rest and stress states. There were significant differences in Y and Z between the two groups. Three months after corrective surgery for SUI these two factors showed significant improvement in all patients. It could be concluded that transvaginal ultrasonography is a safe and reliable method to diagnosis and evaluate the postoperative outcome for SUI.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Neck ; Pubic Symphysis ; Ultrasonography* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence*

Objectives: ：Depression is known to be very common for coexistence with physical diseases, but reports of this are not well known in Korea. The purpose of this study is to investigate demographic factors related to adult depression in Korea and the association between physical diseases and depression. Methods: ：This study used raw data from the 7th National Health and Nutrition Survey of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2016 and 2018, and analyzed by integrating data from adults over the age of 19. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was applied to the diagnosis of depression. Cross-analysis and logistic regression analysis were used for the association with depression according to socio-demographic characteristics and health-related characteristics. Results: ：The point-prevalence of depression in Korea using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 is 5.4%. Regarding sociodemographic characteristics, risks of depression were increased among the elderly, women, people with low household income, and people with low education levels. It was analyzed that the risk of coexistence of depression with physical diseases such as diabetes, stroke, myocardial infarction, arthritis, asthma, thyroid disease, renal failure, and cirrhosis was significantly high. Conclusions ：In this study, the presence of chronic diseases greatly increased the risk of depression, and it was confirmed that certain groups were at high risk for depression.

PURPOSE: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has been used as a curative and specific treatment of allergic diseases. However, no data on the prescription patterns of AIT in Korea is available. Therefore, we surveyed the prescription patterns of AIT by allergy specialists in Korea. METHODS: We emailed a questionnaire on AIT prescription patterns to the 690 members of the Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology with clinical practice experience. All returned answers were evaluated. RESULTS: The response rate was 21.0%. Only 69.0% of the respondents performed AIT in practice. Hindrance factors for performing AIT in the practice included a lack of facilities (21%), lack of practical experience during their subspecialty or postgraduate educational training programs (15.8%), no need for AIT because of sufficient pharmacotherapy (14.5%), insufficient economic profits (14.5%), and risks for adverse reactions (13.2%). Ninety-two allergy specialists (82%) performed AIT subcutaneously subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and 20 allergy specialists (18%) performed it sublingually sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT). Only 8 specialists performed both SCIT and SLIT. The allergens used for SCIT were house dust mites (98.9%), pollens (72.8%), and animal dander (23.9%). SLIT was prescribed only for house dust mites. Twenty-eight physicians (30.4%) observed anaphylactic reactions during SCIT. Eight physicians (40.0%) who prescribed SLIT observed adverse reactions, including local reactions, but none of them observed anaphylactic reactions. CONCLUSIONS: In this survey, 69.0% of the respondents performed AIT in clinical practice. SCIT prescription is more popular than SLIT. The Lack of facilities and clinical education is a critical barrier to performing AIT. Therefore, proper clinical education of AIT is necessary for Korean allergists.
Allergens ; Anaphylaxis ; Animals ; Asthma ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Desensitization, Immunologic ; Electronic Mail ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunotherapy ; Korea ; Pollen ; Prescriptions ; Pyroglyphidae ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; Specialization ; Surveys and Questionnaires

A retrospective study of 100 cervical spinal cord injury patients admitted consequtively to the Department of Neurosurgery, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University between March, 1985 and June, 1989 was conducted. The average age was 42 and 84(84%) were male. The majority sustained their spinal cord injury in a motor vehicle accident(50%) or in a diving accident(36%). Thirty-three percent(33/100) of these patients had surgical intervention by anterior approach(14/33), posterior approach(17/33) and total laminectomy(2/33). The others were only immobilized by traction or neck brace. Not only neurological recovery in operated and nonoperated patients but also complete and incomplete injury was compared. The degree of the neurological injury was classified by the Frankel classification. 12 cases turned out to be more aggravated than the condition at admission, among them 9 cases were middle and low cervical incomplete injuries. At final follow-up no appreciable differences in achievement in activities of daily living and mobility were noted between patients treated with surgical stabilization of the cervical spinal column and those treated nonsurgically.
Activities of Daily Living ; Braces ; Classification ; Diving ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Male ; Motor Vehicles ; Neck ; Neurosurgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Spinal Injuries* ; Spine ; Traction

Since laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC) was first introduced in early 1990 in Korea, LC is now widely used with an acknowledgement of the benefits of LC.The author retrospectively analyzed 120 patients who were treated by LC and 40 patients who were treated by open cholecystectomy(OC), at the Department of Surgery, Kwang Hye Hospital from Jan. 1992 to July 1995. For the statistical analysis of the variables, student's t-test and ANOVA F-test were used to assess the differences between two groups(p value = 0.05). The obtained results were as follows. 1. The mean age and sex ratio(M:F) between LC and OC group were 48.3-years-old and 1:1.45, 57.6-years-old and 1:3.4, respectively. 2. Associated diseases were observed in 62 patients (51.7%) of the LC group and 23 patients (57.5%) of the OC group. Peptic ulcer and DM were most frequent, respectively. 3. 20 patients (16.7%) had a previous abdominal operation, with appendectomy, the most frequent among them. 4. The operation times(p=0.05), hospitalization stay(p=0.0001), and postoperative hospitalization stay(p=0.0001) were significantly shorter in the LC group than in the OC group. 5. In the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative ABGA of the LC group, especially, intraoperative PCO2 was increased due to CO2 retension and metabolic acidosis was developed, intraoperatively. PaO2 was excessively increased due to hyperventilation to correct the metabolic acidosis, intraoperatively. Satistically, intraoperative pH (p=0.0001), PaO2 (p=0.0001), PCO2 (p=0.0001) except bicarbonate (p=0.1987) were significantly changed, compared with preoperative pH or postoperative pH. 6. Operative cholangiography(OPC) was proceeded in 17 patients(14.2%) and concurrent laparoscopic appendectomy was done in 7 patients (5.8%) of the LC group. 7. Postoperative complications were occurred in 19 patients (15.8%) of the LC group. 3 patients (2.5%) were explorated, the remainders were recovered by conservative treatment. 8. On pathologic findings, cholelithiasis and chronic cholecystitis with 105 patients (87.5%) were most frequent in the LC group. In the OC group, cholelithiasis and chronic cholelithiasis with 25 patients (62.5%) were also most frequent, GB empyema with 8 patients (20%), acute cholecystitis with 7 patients (17.5%). Conclusively, laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be safely applied with lower morbidity, shorter operation times, and shorter hospital stay in selected patients.
Acidosis ; Appendectomy ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic* ; Cholecystitis ; Cholecystitis, Acute ; Cholelithiasis ; Empyema ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hyperventilation ; Korea ; Length of Stay ; Peptic Ulcer ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: If early middle cerebral artery signs (EMCAS) are present, prognoses are known to be poor, even if interventional therapy is performed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical effect of a superselective intra-arterial urokinase infusion in cerebral infarction patients presenting EMCAS. METHODS: We conducted prospective longitudinal clinical trial and observed patients (n-22) with middle cerebral artery infarctions who manifested EMCAS in precontrast brain CT scans between January 1996 and April 1997. The patients were divided into two groups, one group (n-11) underwent superselective intra-arterial urokinase infusion; and the other (n-11) was treated with classic osmotherapy and heparinization. We evaluated the clinical outcome for each patient using the Canadian Neurological Scale (CNS) and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) on admission (pre-treatment state) and on, the 3rd, 7th, and 30th days. RESULTS: The two patients groups had an even distribution of risk factors, EMCAS, age and the interval from the ictus to the initiation of treatment. The outcome at the 30th day after stroke therapy improved for all patients compared to their status on admission (p<0.01), and there was a significant interaction between the group and the time (p<0.01). This means that the group which underwent superselective intra-arterial urokinase infusion had better clinical outcomes. Hemorrhagic transformation occurred in 5 cases (22.7%), 2 from the superselective intra-arterial urokinase infusion group and 3 from the heparinization group. However, this did not influence the clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to previous reports suggesting the poor prognostic value of EMCAS, even when all patients having these signs, this study showed that the clinical outcomes in the thrombolyic therapy group were better than in the conservatively treated one. Therefore, more aggressive interventional therapies such as superselective intra-arterial urokinase infusion may be considered option.
Brain ; Cerebral Infarction ; Heparin ; Humans ; Infarction ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery* ; Middle Cerebral Artery* ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stroke ; Thrombolytic Therapy* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator