In this study,the rDNA ITS sequence of isolate of Lactarius deliciosus(L.)Gray was sequenced.Molecular identification was accomplished using phylogenetic tree analysis of 22 Lactarius nrDNA-ITS nucleotide sequence including the 2 new and 20 GenBank sequence.

No abstract available.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging*

No abstract available.
Coronary Artery Bypass*

No abstract available.

[Objective]To compare the reliability and value of clinical signs,MRI imaging and arthroscopy in management of meniscal tears in order to increase the diagnostic rate.[Method]A retrospective study was done on 176 cases undergoing MRI examination and arthroscopic treatment,and being diagnosed as meniscal injuries in knee joint by any one of the three clinical,MRI or arthroscopic examinations.Using arthroscopic diagnosis as the standard,the sensitivity,specificity.and overall accuracy of clinical diagnosis and MRI were then calculated respectively.Significant differences between arthroscopic diagnosis and clinical diagnosis or MRI diagnosis were analyzed using statistical method of Chi-square test.[Result]The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of clinical diagnosis were 79.3%,26.3% and 73.8% respectively.There was statistically significant difference between arthroscopic diagnosis and clinical diagnosis.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of MRI diagnosis were 94.1%,92.9% and 93.4% respectively.The difference between arthroscopic diagnosis and MRI diagnosis had no statistically significance and can be used as an important examination before knee arthroscopy.[Conclusion]MRI is a reliable,noninvasive diagnostic tool for meniscal tears and can be used as an important examination before knee arthros copy with MRI examination combining with the clinical signs,diagnotic rate of meniscal tears can be increased.Unnecessary arthroscopic therapy could be avoided.

Anterior plate fixation of the cervical spine provides good primary stability to allow early mobilization without significant external support. Despite the obvious advantages of anterior cervical fixation, neurological injury resulting from the direct trauma of a drill bit or screw are possibile with this technique. In addition, screw loosening leading to dyphagia has been reported. The cervical spine locking plate (CSLP) system maintains the mechanical advantages of internal fixation and eliminate the neurological risks of perforating the posterior cortex. The purpose of this study is to review our experience with this device, to critically assess its ability to stabilize the cervical spine, and to assess for complications associated with this device. The authors reviewed 28 consecutive patients in whom the CSLP system was applied between April 1994 to April 1995. Average age was 44 years ranged from nineteen to seventy-two. Patients with trauma were eight and degenerative diseases were twenty. Eighteen screws were inserted in C3 bodies, twenty-four in C4, forty-one in C5, thirty-six in C6, twenty-four in C7, two in Tl and nine on grafted bone. With a mean follow-up of 15 months, 27 of 28 patients went on to fusion. Mean time to fusion was three months (range 2-5). Fusion status of one patient was considered as uncertain. Three patients had screws placed in the disc rather than in bone. One patient suffered deep wound infection, which developed to tracheoesophagial fistula. No patient showed neurological injury as a result of this device.
Early Ambulation ; Fistula ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Spine* ; Transplants ; Wound Infection

In the investigation of patients with internal disc disruption, a discography has been the best method to decide whether intervertebral disc is normal or abnormal. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine is a new technique which offers an alternative method of obtaining this information. Some authors have reported MRI was more accurate than discography, but other reports have indicated discography was more useful test in symptomatic lumbar disc disease. The authors performed retrospective study to evaluate the diagnostic value of the image findings of MRI and discography in the internal disc disruption. Image findings of MRI and discography were analyzed comparing to pattern of provocative pain during discography. The concordant pain at discography was considered as a gold standard for evaluation of the diagnostic value of these modalities. The image findings of MRI and discography for 60 discs of 21 patients were graded and compared with the pain response at discography. The validity and predictive value (PV) of these modalities were calculated and the correlation between these image findings was evaluated. The sensitivities of discography and MRI were 83.3% and 90.9% respectively. The specificities of these findings were 47.1% and 46.7%. The positive PV of discography and MRI were 52.6% and 55.6%, and the negative PV were 80% and 87.5% respectively. There was no statistical significance in these discrepancies. The determinations of symptomatic disc level based on image findings are unreliable. The MRI can be considered as a screening test for internal disc disruption since it is non-invasive and sensitive diagnostic tool. The fusion level should be decided by the pain pattern at discography.
Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Mass Screening ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine

No abstract available.
Liver* ; Mortality*

No abstract available.
Hematoma*

STUDY DESIGN: Changes of morphology and phenotype of cultured cells in media added lactate were observed. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of lactate on morphology and phenotype of cultured intervertebral disc cell. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: It was reported that lactate and pH were important factor in the degeneration of intervertebral disc. However the effect of lactate on morphology and phenotype of cultured intervertebral disc cell have not been studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cells were dissociated enzymatically from rabbit nucleus pulposus. After attaining monolayer growth, the cells were incubated in media added 2mM or 5mM lactate. Total cell counts and morphological changes of the cells were periodically observed. Changes in cell phenotype were investigated by use of anti-collagen antibody stain. RESULTS: The cell groups added no lactate and 2mM lactate showed no difference in cell counts, morphology and phenotype. The cell group added 5mM lactate showed a reduction in final cell Counts and highel'ratio of fibroblastic cell in total population. Anti-collagen I Ab stained the Intra-and extra-cellular area of fibroblastic cells and intracellular area of chondrocytic cells. CONCLUSIONS: The current study suggests that high concentration of lactate inhibit intervertebral disc cell proliferation and accelerate morphological and phenotypical change to fibroblastic cell.
Cell Count ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblasts ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Intervertebral Disc* ; Lactic Acid* ; Phenotype*