With the improvement of living standards and oral health awareness in people and with the development of the techniques in orthodontic therapy,the number of adult patients in orthodontics is gradually increasing. Due to adults' social occupations,psychological factors,complicated intraoral status,these factors make adult patients differences from adolescents. In this paper,the problems related with adult orthodontic treatment were reviewed.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Humans ; Malocclusion ; therapy ; Orthodontics, Corrective

Humans ; Malocclusion ; therapy ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; Treatment Outcome

In recent years, the early orthodontic treatment of malocclusion has become a hot issue in the field of orthodontics. Some new phenomena and new problems that have emerged require in-depth analysis and discussion, and need to be given correct guidance and norms. Malocclusion refers to the deformities of teeth, jaws, and craniofacial bones caused by genetic and environmental factors during growth and development. Based on the accurate judgment of the etiology and diagnosis, choosing the right time and suitable indications, with the advantage of growth and development, the most suitable appliance can be selected in the early stage of malocclusion to fix malocclusion, and to effectively prevent and block the formation and development of malocclusion. This article will discuss how to timely and appropriately carry out the early prevention and treatment of malocclusion with six aspects, including methods of performing early orthodontic treatment, the basis and guarantee of early orthodontic treatment, correctly understanding early orthodontic treatment, the issues that should be paid attention to in carrying out early orthodontic treatment, actively advocating multidisciplinary cooperation during early orthodontic treatment and understanding face management in a serious way.
Dental Care ; Humans ; Malocclusion/therapy* ; Malocclusion, Angle Class II/therapy* ; Orthodontic Appliances, Functional ; Orthodontics, Corrective/methods*

The early orthodontic treatment of malocclusion includes the growth modification of skeletal discrepancy, preventive and interceptive orthodontic treatment of the dental malocclusion or oral habit. Therefore, early orthodontic treatment is to guide the normal dento-maxillafacial growth and development, eliminate the adverse effect on function of masticatory system and the health of dental and periodontal tissues. Most of the patients in the early permanent dentition are still in their pubertal growth period. Although all kind of comprehensive orthodontic treatment could be started from early permanent dentition, early orthodontic treatment can still be used in the cases such as class Ⅱ malocclusion caused by underdevelopment of mandible and crossbite caused by underdevelopment of maxilla in the early permanent dentition. The article will discuss class Ⅱ malocclusion caused by underdevelopment of mandible and anterior and posterior crossbite caused by underdevelopment of maxilla which are feasible for early orthodontic treatment.
Dentition, Mixed ; Dentition, Permanent ; Humans ; Malocclusion/therapy* ; Malocclusion, Angle Class II/therapy* ; Maxilla

OBJECTIVETo study the boundary between orthodontic and surgical treatment in correction of anterior open bite.

METHODS70 cases (18.0 ages in average) treated orthodontically and 14 cases (25.1 ages in average) treated surgically were chosen. 154 hard and soft tissue measurements were analyzed by statistical software.

RESULTSA diagnostic index, L1MP, was gained with simple factorial analysis. L1MP

CONCLUSIONThe diagnostic index and discriminate function were both useful in determining which method to be chosen in treatment of anterior open bite. The discriminate function was tested to be more efficient than the diagnostic index.

Early orthodontic treatment of malocclusion is becoming the hot topic in orthodontics. The characteristics of craniofacial and dental growth and development are very important in early orthodontics. The article focuses on early correction of malocclusion and normal growth and development recovery.
Dental Care ; Growth and Development ; Humans ; Malocclusion/therapy* ; Orthodontics ; Orthodontics, Corrective

Occlusal plane (OP) is one of the essential factors affecting craniofacial morphology and function. The OP not only assists in diagnosing malocclusion but also serves as an important reference for making treatment plans. Patients with different types of malocclusions have different forms of OP. Compared with patients with standard skeletal facial type, the occlusal plane of patients with skeletal class Ⅱ and high angle is steeper, while that of patients with skeletal class Ⅲ and low angle is more even. In orthodontic treatment, adjusting and controlling the OP can promote the normal growth and development of the mandible in most patients with malocclusion during the early stage of growth, while causing favorable rotation of the mandible in some adults with mild-to-moderate malocclusion. For moderate-to-severe malocclusion, the OP rotation by orthodontic-orthognathic treatment can achieve better long-term stability. This article reviews the evolution of the definition of OP and its implications for diagnosing and the guiding treatment of malocclusion.
Adult ; Humans ; Dental Occlusion ; Maxilla ; Cephalometry ; Malocclusion/therapy* ; Mandible

Esthetics, Dental ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malocclusion ; pathology ; therapy ; Orthodontics ; Smiling

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malocclusion ; therapy ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; methods

Humans ; Malocclusion, Angle Class I ; therapy ; Orthodontic Appliance Design