No abstract available.
Malformations of Cortical Development*

No abstract available.
Classification* ; Malformations of Cortical Development*

No abstract available.
Malformations of Cortical Development* ; Seizures*

No abstract available.
Malformations of Cortical Development* ; Seizures*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Malformations of Cortical Development* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Malformations of Cortical Development*

PURPOSE: The study was to evaluate the localization of the abnormal gyral and sulcal patterns obtained by means of brain surface rendering imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nineteen patients with cortical dysplasia who underwent brain surface rendering MR imaging were included in this study. We acquired MP-RAGE sequence and created the 3-D surface rendering MR images by using VoxelPlus(R). Anatomical locations and configurations of abnormal gyri and sulci were reviewed. RESULTS: Abnormal gyral and sulcal patterns were seen 18 in 19 patients. The configuration and orientation of affected gyri and sulci were clearly evaluated in the brain surface rendering images. In a lissencephaly, the a cortex was not delineated and showed markedly thick and smooth gyral pattern. In a schizencephaly, there were wheel shaped broad gyral pattern around the cleft. In a hemimegalencephaly, an affected hemisphere were enlarged and displayed thick and wide gyral pattern. In CBPS, the insular cortex was exposed and the gyri of the lesion were thickened. In focal cortical dysplasia, there were irregular serrated or thick and enlarged gyri. CONCLUSION: Brain surface rendering MR imaging is useful for the evaluation of a detailed gyral pattern and accurate involvement site of abnormal gyri.
Brain ; Humans ; Lissencephaly ; Malformations of Cortical Development ; Orientation

Yakovlev demonstrated that the Schizencephalies appear to result from injury to developing cerebral vesicles in the second month of intrauterine life. There is a total loss of neurons in restricted symmetrical zones of each developing hemisphere and on either side of the resulting cleft-shaped defects are evidences of subtotal injury to developing neuroblasts. A case of a 4 years old male with Schizencephaly is reported.
Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Male ; Malformations of Cortical Development* ; Neurons

PURPOSE: To describe curved planar reconstruction imaging (CPRI) and determine its usefulness in the evaluation of focal cortical dysplasia of the brain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 17 cases of focal cortical dysplasia [cortical dysplasia (n=9), schizencephaly (n=5), and heterotopia (n=3)], CPR images were created using a multiplanar reconstruction program and imaging data obtained during T1 magnetizationprepared rapid acquisition gradient-echo MR imaging. We assessed the precise configuration of abnormalities and their relation to adjacent gyri and sulci. RESULTS: CPRI showed the brain cortex as a 2D panoramic image, demonstrating the precise configurations and locations of dysplasia-associated abnormalities and their relation to adjacent gyri and sulci, and the precise shape of the gray-white matter interface. CONCLUSION: CPRI can provide important radiological information about the extension and configuration of focal cortical dysplasia, and its relation to neighboring cortical structures. We believe that CPRI should form an essential part of the routine investigation of suspected cases of focal cortical dysplasia.
Brain* ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Malformations of Cortical Development* ; Seizures

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the image quality, contrast characteristics, and possible clinical utility of Medium Tau Invesion Recovery(MTIR) sequence with white matter suppression in patients with brain cortical lesion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two normal volunteers and twenty-one patients with cortical lesion were scanned with MTIR as well as other MR imaging sequences. Gray-white matter contrast was evaluated objectively using region-of-interest calculations, including percent contrast and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR). MTIR sequence was visually compared with other sequences in 21 patients with cortical lesion including conspicuity and detection rate. RESULTS: MTIR sequence had the highest percent contrast and CNR between the gray matter and white matter. In twenty-one cases of cortical lesion including cortical dysplasia, MTIR sequence improved delineation and conspicuity of lesion, but MTIR sequence could not detect new lesions. CONCLUSION: MTIR sequence demonstrated a superior percent contrast and CNR to other MR pulse sequences. The MTIR sequence well delineated the cortical lesions, particularly in including cortical dysplasia. It may be used as an adjunctive imaging sequence in case of poor gray and white matter differentiation with conventional T1-weighted sequences.
Brain* ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Malformations of Cortical Development