We analysed 26 cases of pyogenic osteomyelitis of the spine who were treaed at Younsei University Hospital during 25 years from January 1952 to August 1977 by operative or conaervative treatment. The diagnosis of pyogenic osteomyelitis of the spine is not easy and very confused. The cause and entry of the offending organism is mainly by venous drainage from the genitourinary and lower extremity circulation and the next is direct spreading from the adjacent focus. The typical clinical symptom is severe pain and tenderness over the lesion accompanied by febril history and the clinical course is relatively rapid than tuberculosis of the spine. In blood examination leukocytosis is uncommon but it showed relative increase of neutrophils in 62%, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in 89%. Radiological findings are narrowing of joint space, erosion and/or destuctive change of vertebral body, vertebral marginal sclerotic change, and new bone formation and less frequently abscess shadow. The results obtained from this study were as follows, 1) The incidence of pyogenic osteomyelitis of the spine among total cases of the pyogenic osteomyelitis was 2.5% and the ratio of the pyogenic osteomyelitis of the spine to the spine tuberculosis was 2.8%. 2) The sexual incidence was in 11 and 15 each male and female. and the avrage, prevalent age was 34 years of age. 3) The pathogenic organism was isolated in 20 cases from the diseased focus during surgical procedure; stapyhloccus in 16 cases, pseudomonas in two and in a case of E.coli and proteus each. 4) The lumber vertebrae was mostly involved, i.e.lumbar in 11 cases, cervical in four, thoracic in nine, lumbosacral and sacrum in one each. 5) The operative treatment was performed in 23 cases and conservative in 3 cases with the satisfatory result in all cases. 6) We conclude that the focal curettage with anterior interbody fusion through anterior approach was better than the conservative treatment.
Abscess ; Blood Sedimentation ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Joints ; Leukocytosis ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Neutrophils ; Osteogenesis ; Osteomyelitis ; Proteus ; Pseudomonas ; Sacrum ; Spine ; Tuberculosis

Staphylococcus lugdunensis (S. lugdunensis) is an unusually virulent coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) and uncommon cause of infective endocarditis (IE) involving mainly native left sided valves. S. lugdunensis IE, which was described previously as "surreptitious" and "wolf in sheep's clothing", runs an aggressive course with a high rate of severe in-hospital complications. Therefore, early surgical treatment has been considered for the treatment of S. lugdunensis IE. However, we experienced a case of S. lugdunensis pulmonary endarteritis which was cured with antibiotic therapy alone.
Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Endarteritis ; Endocarditis ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery ; Staphylococcus ; Staphylococcus lugdunensis

End-tidal PCO2 measurements are less accurate in neonates, infants, and small children than in adults. These in accuracies may by attributed in part to the dilution of end-tidal gas with fresh gas as a result of placing the sampling catheter between the endotracheal tube and a partial rebreathing circuit. To determine the most accurate catheter position for measurements of end-tidal gas tensions, end-tidal PCO2 was measured continuously from the distal and proximal end of the endotracheal tube and these data were compared with simultaneous arterial PCO2 The results were as follows: 1) In children weigthing above 15 kg ventilated with partial rebreathing circuit, both distal and proximal end-tidal PCO2 values approximated arterial PCO2 (p<0.05). 2) In infants and children weigthing below 15 kg ventilated with Ayre's T-piece breathing circuit(Jackson-Rees modification), only distal end-tidal PCO2 approximated arterial PCO2.
Adult ; Carbon Dioxide* ; Carbon* ; Catheters ; Child* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Respiration

No abstract available.
Borrelia burgdorferi* ; Borrelia* ; Humans ; Korea*

In this study, isoflavone (genistein, genistin, daidzein, daidzin) contents in various parts of twelve soybean cultivars and three soy sprouts were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with UV detector. Three cultivars of soybean were selected and cultured in the lab to produce sprout for five days. Total isoflavone (Total IF) varied greatly among differnt breeds of soybean in range of 99 - 649.9 microgram/g and 522.3 - 1,277.7 microgram/g respectively, domestic and foreign cultivars. There were greatly difference in total IF of various parts of the soybean sprouts. Sprout from the Myunjunamul-kong appeared to have 69% genistein and 22% genistin in head part, and 30% and 62% of daidzin and daidzein, respectively, in root. Meanwhile, the sprouts from Junjori contains most (84%) of daidzein in its root. Sprout from chinese black-soybean had the largest amount of genistein among the sprouts but, there were no differences in the average genistein content between three selected black and non-black soys. The glycosidic form of IF were dominant compared to aglycone forms both in soybean and sprouts by 24 times and 12 times, respectively, suggesting that during the sprouts cultivation glycosidic forms could change to aglycone forms. There are no difference in total content between genistein + genistin and daidzein + daidzin in soy and soy sprout. Therfore, considering the total IF contents, the intake of 1 soy sprout is similer to 1.5 times as soybean.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Genistein ; Head ; Humans ; Soybeans*

Since Ewing has reported a primary malignant tumor as medullary origin in 1921, the Ewing's sarcomas have been reported more than 1,000 cases in the literatures. The Ewing's sarcoma has frequent incidence in the long tubular bone but very rare in the skull and spine for primary malignant tumor of the bone. The incidence of the Ewing's sarcoma in the spine is very rare than in the skull. We experienced a case of Ewing's sarcoma of the thoracic spine which has associated a paraplegia as neurological deficit. A 24 years old Korean female has admitted to our clinical because of paraplegia with incontinence for 2 days. On admission, the neurological examination revealed a paraparesis below T3 level with urinary and fecal incontinence, and then local tenderness on T2 level. No fever and leucocystosis were checked. Only the ESR has elevated up to 38 mm/hr. The simple X-ray film of the thoracic spine has showed a mottled destruction of the T2 vertebral body and abscence of the pedicle shadow, which were more similar to the picture of malignant tumor(primary or metastatic) than the bony change of ostemyelitis. We performed a myelography by pantopaque through the lumbar and cisternal puncture for accurate site of lesion. We found a complete block at T2 level by myelography. Then the immediate total laminectomy on T2-3 was applied. The operative finding was a extradural mass, which has compressed the spinal cord. We removed the tumor mass incompletely but the decompression was enough. The neurologic deficit has improved gradually for post-operative 2 weeks, but the improvement of neurologic deficit has stopped to T10 sensory recovery. We performed a radiation therapy as 4500 rads dose for 4 weeks, but not further improvement has been found. The post-operative pathological diagnosis was Ewing's sarcoma as a anaplastic small cell type.
Decompression ; Diagnosis ; Fecal Incontinence ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Incidence ; Iophendylate ; Laminectomy ; Myelography ; Neurologic Examination ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Osteomyelitis ; Paraparesis ; Paraplegia* ; Punctures ; Sarcoma, Ewing* ; Skull ; Spinal Cord ; Spine* ; X-Ray Film ; Young Adult

The beneficial effect of morphine in pulmonary edema and congstive heart failure is probably due to a variety of factors, venous pooling of blood, rise in pulmonary arteriorlar resistance protecting the alveoli against plasma transudation, decreased ventilation without dyspnea, sedative effect and reduction of left ventricular work. Some reports suggested that the effects of morphine on the central nervous system may also be important. Nine partients with mitral vavular disease were given 0.1mg/kg morphine after diagnostic heart catheterization. Some, but statistically insignificant, fall in the aortic blood pressure and the systemic vascular resistance, and some, but again statistically insignificant, rise in pulmonary vascular resisstance were observed 10 minutes after the injection of morphine in most of the nine patients. The effects on cardiac output, heart rate, mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure were also within the ranges of statistical insignificance. All nine patients tolerated the intravenous injection of morphine without any ill effects.

Storch is credited as being the first to describe in 1899 what we call "ependymoma" today. And ependymomas were first set apart as a single group by Bailey in 1924. The literature up to the present contains numerous reports of tumors classified as "ependymoma". From 1 to 6 percent of all intracranial tumors are ependymomas. As the above, the tumors are very rare. The incidence is higher in those with large proportion of young patients and average age is approximately 20 years. About 40 percent of intracranial ependymomas are supratentorial and the remainders are infratentorial. We experienced a case of 4th ventricular ependymoma with subarachnoid hemorrhage. A 23 year old female was admitted to the hospital because of severe headache and frequent vomiting, who had been intermittently suffered from the headache for 8 months prior to admission. On admission, the neurologic examinations revealed irritable mentality, vomiting and papilledema, and xanthochromic CSF was identified on lumbar puncture. X-ray films of skull series showed evidence of increased ICP. A mass lesion was suspected in the posterior fossa on vertebral angiogram and brain C-T films revealed a mass lesion in the midline of the posterior fossa, slightly enhanced on contrast study and associated with hydrocephalus. Following Torkildsen's shunting procedure suboccipital craniectomy was performed, and we removed the tumor mass incompletely within the 4th ventricle. The pathologically microscopic finding was papillary ependymoma, grade II. Total neuraxis irradiation was applied for 6 weeks. The post-operative course was satisfactory.
Brain ; Ependymoma* ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Incidence ; Neurologic Examination ; Papilledema ; Skull ; Spinal Puncture ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Vomiting ; X-Ray Film ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Glomus Tumor*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Rhinitis* ; Skin Tests* ; Skin*