Objective To explore correlation between gene polymorphism of TNF-alpha and thyroid associated ophtalmopa thy (TAO) in Zhuang ethnic population.Methods DNA and serum samples were collected in patients with TAO in Han/Zhuang population.ELISA was applied to detect level of TNF-alpha in serum and PCR was applied to detect polymorphism of TNF-alpha gene 863C_A.Results The levels of TNF-alpha in patients with TAO increased significantly compared with control group (P ＜ 0.05),and more significantly in Zhuang population compared with Han population (P ＜ 0.05) ;gene frequency of CA was significantly higher in patients with TAO in Zhuang population than that in Han population (P ＜ 0.05),while gene frequency of AA was significantly lower (x2 =0.770,2.145,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Serum level of TNF-alpha increases during occurrence of TAO,and the differences of expression level between different nationalities are due to gene polymorphism of TNF-alpha.

The structure, pharmaceutical functions and extraction and isolation methods of chlorgenic acid were reviewed to provide references for the research of chlorogenic acids and the production of the medicines chlorogenic acids.

Objective: To establish the determination of imperatorin and isoimperatorin in Tongketing Capsule (Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, Pheretima, etc.) by HPLC. Methods: The determination was carried out by HPLC. The mobile phase was acetonitrile water (60∶40) and UV detection wavelength was set at 245nm . The flow rate was 1.0mL?min -1 . The column temperature was 40℃ . Results: There were the good linear relationship between the absorption area value and the concentration in the range of 65?g～325?g for imperatorin and in the range of 50?g～250?g for isoimperatorin, respectively. The average recoveries were 98.3% ( RSD = 1.73% ) and 98.7% ( RSD = 1.65% ), respectively. Conclusion: The method is simple, accurate and can be used to determine imperatorin and isoimperatorin in Tongketing Capsule.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the status quo and problems of the construction of pharmacy staff team from Hubei Wuling mountainous area,and to provide reference for the formulation of construction plan of pharmacy staff team. METHODS:Using questionnaire survey and telephone interviews,the pharmacy staff of 22 hospitals at second level or above from Hubei Wul-ing mountainous area during 2011-2014 were investigated in terms of number,age,educational background,professional title,etc. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The shortage of pharmacy staff is seious in 22 hospitals at second level or above from this areas (open 10 606 beds,should be staffed 956 pharmacy personnel,actual number of pharmacy personnel is 502);the age structure is unreasonable,and only 220 pharmacy staff aged under 35 year-old;highly educated pharmacy staff accounted for low proportion, and bachelor degree or above took up 29.5%;pharmacy staff with professional title took up low proportion,and pharmacy staff with high,middle and junior professional titles accounted for 1:5:4. The situation of pharmacy staff in the region can be improved through following measures,including striving for policy recommendations,continuously enriching the quantity of pharmacy staff, integrating scientifically and building reasonable talent tem gradually,introducing talents,optimizing education structure of pharma-cy staff,strengthening the training,improving operation level of pharmacy staff,etc.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of the primary causative agents of hand, foot and mouth disease in children and closely associated with severe neurological complications and even deaths.EV71 outbreaks have occurred throughout the Asia-Pacific region since 1990s, posing global public health threat;however, no specific therapeutic strategy exists for severe EV71 infection.Several inactivated vaccine products have entered or finished the clinical trial stage, and some novel vaccine candidates, including live attenuated, subunit, and virus-like particle, show great potential for further develop-ment.This review summarizes the present situation and progress in the development of EV71 vaccines.

BACKGROUND: 6-minute walking test (6MWT) is a submaximal test, characterizing by easily processing and low cost, thus it is widely used in the clinic. However, how to change walking distance into maximal motor capacity needs to be further studied.OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation of 6-minute walking distance (D), work (W), peak oxygen uptake (VO_2 peak) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2 max) detected by Bruce.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: This study was performed at tshe Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongda Hospital affiliated to Southeast University from March to May 2009.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 25 healthy volunteers were enrolled, including 14 males and 11 females, with a mean age of (22.0±2.3) years.METHODS: All 25 subjects were tested with cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) according to Bruce, VO_2 max and anaerobic threshold (AT) was detected respectively, then 6MWT" was adopted to detect 6-minute walking distance (D), work (W) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2 max) of subjects. Data of pulmonary gas exchange in breathing was detected by wireless remote sensor K4b~2 to obtain VO_2 max and VO_2 peak.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Regularity of cardiac rate, oxygen uptake and respiratory frequency varied with time passing; ② Walking distance, work, oxygen uptake, cardiac rate and respiratory frequency were compared before and after testing; ③ Maximal oxygen uptake and anaerobic threshold with CPET were compared to peal oxygen uptake with 6MWT; ④ Correlation of distance, work between maximal oxygen uptake and peal oxygen uptake.RESULTS: There was no significant difference between AT from CPET and VO2 peak from 6MWT (P > 0.05). 6-minute walking distance was not correlated with either VO_2 peak or VO_2 max. However, 6-minute walking work was linearly correlated with both VO2 peak (r=0.779 7, P < 0.001) and VO_2 max (r=0.894 1, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: 6-minute walking test is an exercise test at level of anaerobic threshold. 6-minute walking work can reflect both submaximal exercise capacity and maximal exercise capacity.

Objective: To determine if the hemagglutinin A (HagA) of Porphyromonas gingivalis could be involved in the adhesion and invasion in human gingival epithelial cells (HGEC). Methods:P. gingivalis 381 hagA mutant was constructed by conjugation method. The whole length of hagA gene was cloned into pYA292 in Salmonella typhimurium x4072 (S. typhimurium-hagA). The strains were used to test their ability of adhesion and invasion into HGEC using a standard antibiotic protection assay. S. typhimurium x4072 strains containing empty vectors were used as negative control. HagA expression in S. typhimurium-hagA was confirmed by Western blot. Results:Although there were no significant differences between P. gingivalis 381 hagA mutant and wild type in adhesion and invasion into HGEC, the adhesion values of S. typhimurium-hagA to HGEC were increased by 3 times compared to their respective controls, while the invasion ability of S. typhimurium-hagA was 4 times greater than that of the negative controls. Conclusion: These results suggest that HagA may participate in P. gingivalis adhesion and invasion into HGEC.

AIM: To establish the determination of baicalin and wogonin in Chantui Zhike Granules (Periostracum Cicadae, Radix Scutellariae, etc.) by HPLC. METHODS: The determination was carried out by HPLC. The mobile phase was acetonitrile 0.6% phosphoric acid(45∶55) and UV detection wavelength was set at 275nm. The flow rate was 1.0mL?min -1 . The column temperature was at 40 ?C . RESULTS: The contents of baicalin and wogonin in Chantui Zhike Granules could be determined by HPLC. There was a good linearity between the absorption peak area and the concentration in the range of 0.104?g～0.52?g for baicalin and in the range of 0.03?g～0.15?g for wogonin, respectively. The average recoveries were 100.69%( RSD =1.75%) and 98.8%( RSD =1.01%) respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is simple, accurate and can be used to determine the contents of baicalin and wogonin in Chantui Zhike Granules.

Objective To describe the salt consumption of residents in China, and provide basic information to develope intervention strategies. Method The data of 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey was used for this analysis. Results The amount of salt consumption of Chinese population was 10.7g per day. The daily salt intake was 11.1g for rural residents, which higher than that (9.7g) of their urban counterparts. 81.6% of the subjects consumed salt more than 6g per day, thereinto, 83.8% of the rural residents consumed more than 6g per day, while so did 76.8% of urban residents. The main resource of salt was from table salt (82.8%), and then followed by soybean sauce (10.0%). Conclusion The salt consumption of Chinese residents is higher than the recommendation by Chinese Nutrition Society. It is very important to strengthen the health education about diet so as to prevent and control hypertension and other chronic disease.

Objective To study the optimum inclusion process for volatile oil from Tongketing capsules. Methods The study was carried out with orthogonal test at different levels. The utilization ratio of volatile oil was used as the index to optimize the inclusion process. Results The optimum preparation conditions for inclusion were: oil: ?-cyclodextrin: water was 1: 4: 40 (V: V: V). The inclusion time was 10rain and inclusion complexes was dried at 70℃. Conclusion This optimized process is simple, efficient and can be used for the production of Tongketing Capsule on a large scale.