Infection rate and in-hospital treatment were two prognostic factors for SAP recurrence.

· AIM :To investigate the role of pericytes in growth of retinal microvascular endothelial cells with a co-culture system in order to understand some mechanism of angiogenesis in hypoxia induced retinal neovascular disorders.(RMECs) were isolated by a modified protocol using CD31 coated Dynabeads, and identified by immunocytochemical staining with anti-Factor Ⅷ and CD31 antibodies. Rat retinal pericytes were isolated and characterized by immunofluorescent staining with PDGFR-β; and desmin antibodies. Pericytes and RMECs were cultured in a contact co-culture system both under normoxia and hypoxia by Millicell chamber. RMECs proliferation was evaluated by MTT and cell cycle assay with flow cytometry. RT-PCR was used to detect the alteration of KDR/Flk-1 mRNA level in RMECs under normoxia or hypoxia in the co-culture system.harvested with the modified isolating method. The two cell types were identified by positive Factor Ⅷ, CD31 and PDGFR-β, desmin cytochemical staining respectively.RMECs proliferated significantly under hypoxia from 3 to 9d with a maximal rate on day 6 (24.9%, P ＜ 0.01) by MTT. In the co-culture system, the proliferation of RMECs was inhibited by pericytes. After 6d exposure to hypoxia,the fraction of S-phase RMECs number was greatly increased by 43.9% (P ＜ 0.01). In the co-culture system,RMECs proliferation was inhibited by pericytes through decreasing the fraction of S-phase cell number both under normoxia (3.6%, P＜0.05) and under hypoxia (15.1%,P＜0.01). KDR/Flk-1 mRNA level in single cultured RMECs was shown to increase approximately 1.3-fold when exposed to hypoxia. Compared with single cultured RMECs, co-culture with pericytes could decrease KDR/Flk-1 mRNA by 45.1% (P＜0.05) and 27.7% (P ＜ 0.05) under normoxia and hypoxia condition respectively.pericytes could inhibit proliferation of RMECs under both normoxia and hypoxia. The inhibition effects of pericytes maybe, at least in part, due to downregulation of KDR/Flk-1 of RMECs. These findings confirm that pericytes could be a potential inhibitor in the pathogenesis of retinal neovascularization.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between changes in B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP) and cardiac troponin I(cTnI)levels and prognosis of critically ill patients with sepsis. Methods This study retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 75 patients with severe sepsis and septic shock admitted into Emergency Intensive Care Unit(EICU)of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University in Zhejiang Province. According to the severity of the cases,they were divided into two groups:severe sepsis group(34 cases)and septic shock group(41 cases),and based on the difference in prognosis,they were divide into survivor group(32 cases) and non-survivor group(43 cases). Electrocardiogram(ECG)was performed within 24 hours after admission in all the patients. Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)score and biochemical markers showing organ dysfunctions as BNP, cTnI, creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase MB mass(CK-MB), and lactate were compared between severe sepsis and septic shock groups and between survivor and non-survivor groups. Results The septic shock group had significantly higher baseline BNP,cTnI,lactate and APACHE Ⅱscore and mortality rate than those in severe sepsis group〔BNP(μg/L):1.90(1.08,2.79)vs. 0.41(0.31,0.75),cTnI (μg/L):1.15(0.92,1.28)vs. 0.58(0.40,0.79),lactate(mmol/L):6.63±3.72 vs. 3.28±1.66,APACHEⅡscore:26.00(24.00,28.00)vs. 21.50(20.00,29.25),mortality rate:70.73%vs. 41.18%,P<0.05 or P<0.01〕. Compared with survivor group,the ages of non-survivor group were older with more males and higher BNP,cTnI,lactate and APACHEⅡscore〔males(cases):30 vs. 13,age(years old):66.49±14.97 vs. 58.19±17.05,BNP:1.60(0.62, 2.51)vs. 0.57(0.37,1.79),lactate:4.10(3.00,9.00)vs. 3.10(2.13,4.18),cTnI:1.02±0.49 vs. 0.62±0.37, APACHE Ⅱ score:28.00(25.00,30.00)vs. 21.00(20.00,25.75),P<0.05 or P<0.01〕. However,there were no statistically significant differences in the levels of CK and CK-MB between the above compared groups(both P>0.05). The patients' ECGs had no obvious changes. Conclusions High plasma BNP and cTnI levels in patients with sepsis may suggest myocardial damage and relatively bad prognosis. The examination of BNP and cTnI levels may help clinicians to early detect the high-risk patients with septic cardiac dysfunction and assess their prognoses.

Objective To observe the effects of static pressure on the number of cultured retinal M?ller glial cells(RMGC)and expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)and heat shock protein(HSP)70 by these cells.Design Experimental study. Participants Cultured rat RMGC.Methods Rat RMGCs were cultured and identified according to previous method described by Reichenbach.These cells were treated with different static pressures and divided into 4 groups:A(1.33kPa),B(2.67kPa),C(5.33kPa)and D(10.67 kPa)while the cells without treatment was as control group(NC).The morphologies of RMGC in these groups were observed under inverted phased contrast microscope,the number of RMGC counted with conservative method and the viability were studied with trypan blue staining.The expressions of GFAP and HSP70 in RMGCs were detected with the method of western blot.Main Outcome Measures The morphologies of RMGC,cell number,cell viability.Results There were pressure-dependent changes of RMGC number. The cell number of group C and D was less than that of group NC,A and B(P＜0.01).High static pressure resulted directly in the decreased ratio of unstained RMGCs(P＜0.01).The ratio of unstained RMGCs in group C and D was less than that in group NC,A and B(P＜0.01).Many cells in group C and D were injured and the higher the pressure elevated,the more the degree of injury became.The expressions of GFAP and HSP70 in group NC were less than other pressure treated groups and the expression of GFAP in group C and D was higher than that in group A and B.There was no obvious difference between these pressure treated groups.Conclusions High static pressure could cause the injuries of RMGCs.The increased expression of GFAP and HSP70 in RMGC might be regarded as a sign of retinal injury response to high intraocular pressure.

Objective To explore whether autoreactive antibody presents in patients with sporadic idiopathic hypoparathyroidism(sIHP).Methods The subjects including 26 patients with sIHP and 112 genealogical members as well as 60 age-and sex-matched healthy controls.Anti-parathyroid antibodies in the sera were assayed by indirect immunofluorescence.The levels of calcium,phosphorus and magnesium as well as intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH)in the sera were tested.Results Positive autoantibodies against parathyroid tissue were demonstrated in 10 patients(38%)with sIHP,significantly higher than that of in genealogical members(10%,?~2=13.42,P

Objective To evaluate the influence and significance of preoperative design of surgical approach on stem cell transplantation via stereotactic surgery. Methods Six patients with stroke in the basal ganglia region were selected. The transplantation target and transcranial approach point were designed by magnetic resonance examination before stem cell transplantation via stereotacfic surgery to guarantee that the line connecting the transplantation target and transcranial approach point could avoid the important functional areas, the ventricular system and the softening focus. Postoperative magnetic resonance examination was performed to observe whether the practical target and surgical approach coincided with the preoperative design or not. Results The practical transplantation target was coincided with the designed transplantation target, distributed around the softening focus without implanted cells in the softening focus. Surgical approach was coincided with the preoperative design and it successfully avoided the important brain functional area, ventricular system and softening focus.Conelnsion The preoperative design of surgical approach can not only ensure the cells being exactly transplanted into the reservation target and guarantee the curative effect, but also promise the surgical approach successfully avoiding the important brain functional area, ventricular system and softening focus and reduce the operative injury.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of BARD1 gene and susceptibility of early-onset breast cancer in Uygur women in Xinjiang.

METHODSA case-control study was designed to explore the genotypes of Pro24Ser (C/T), Arg378Ser (G/C) and Val507Met (G/A) of BARD1 gene, detected by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay, in 144 early-onset breast cancer cases of Uygur women (≤ 40 years) and 136 cancer-free controls matched by age and ethnicity. The association between SNPs of BARD1 gene and risk of early-onset breast cancer in Uygur women was analyzed by unconditional logistic regression model.

RESULTSEarly age at menarche, late age at first pregnancy, and positive family history of cancer may be important risk factors of early-onset breast cancer in Uygur women in Xinjiang. The frequencies of genotypes of Pro24Ser (C/T), Arg378Ser (G/C) and Val507Met (G/A) of BARD1 gene showed significant differences between the cancer cases and cancer-free controls (P < 0.05). Compared with wild-type genotype Pro24Ser CC, it showed a lower incidence of early-onset breast cancer in Uygur women with variant genotypes of Pro24Ser TT (OR = 0.117, 95%CI = 0.058 - 0.236), and dominance-genotype CT+TT (OR = 0.279, 95%CI = 0.157 - 0.494), or Arg378Ser CC (OR = 0.348, 95%CI = 0.145 - 0.834) and Val507Met AA(OR = 0.359, 95%CI = 0.167 - 0.774). Furthermore, SNPS in three polymorphisms would have synergistic effects on the risk of breast cancer. In addition, the SNP-SNP interactions of dominance-genotypes (CT+TT, GC+CC and GA+AA) showed a 52.1% lower incidence of early-onset breast cancer in Uygur women (OR = 0.479, 95%CI = 0.230 - 0.995). Stratified analysis indicated that the protective effect of carrying T variant genotype (CT/TT) in Pro24Ser and carrying C variant genotype (GC/CC) in Arg378Ser were more evident in subjects with early age at menarche and negative family history of cancer. With an older menarche age, the protective effect was weaker.

CONCLUSIONSSNPs of Pro24Ser(C/T), Arg378Ser (G/C) and Val507Met (G/A) of BARD1 gene are associated with significantly decreased risk of early-onset breast cancer in Uygur women in Xinjiang. Early age at menarche and negative family history of cancer can enhance the protective effect of mutant allele.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Age of Onset ; Breast Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; ethnology ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; genetics ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the excitotoxicity and serum-inducible kinase (SNK) and spine-associated Rap GTPase-activating protein (SPAR) pathway in primary hippocampal neuron injury induced by glutamate and furthermore, to explore the molecular mechanism of neuroprotection of Zibu Piyin Recipe (ZBPYR) and the relationship between ZBPYR and the morphological regulation of dendritic spines.

METHODSThe serum containing ZBPYR was prepared by seropharmacology. Reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of mRNA for SNK, SPAR, postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits (NR1, NR2A and NR2B) in primary rat hippocampal neuron cultures after pretreatment with 10 micromol/L glutamate and ZBPYR serum.

RESULTSZBPYR serum pretreatment resulted in a significant down-regulation of glutamate-induced SNK mRNA expression (P<0.05). Significant up-regulation was seen on the mRNA expression of SPAR and PSD-95 (P<0.05). All these changes were dose-dependent. The mRNA expression of NR1, NR2A and NR2B was down-regulated to different degrees (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe mechanism of effect of ZBPYR on glutamate-induced excitotoxicity may be related to the regulation of SNK-SPAR signal pathway. ZBPYR may play a role in protecting and maintaining the normal morphology and structure of dendritic spines, which may be achieved by inhibiting the excessive activation of NMDA receptors.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; GTPase-Activating Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Glutamic Acid ; toxicity ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; enzymology ; pathology ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neurons ; drug effects ; enzymology ; pathology ; Protein Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Serum

OBJECTIVETo evaluate speech outcomes in patients of maxillary reconstruction with free fibula composite flap.

METHODSSpeech measurements of 20 patients of maxillary reconstruction with free fibula composite flap were collected. Palatopharyngeal valve, the symmetry and movement of soft palate, hypernasality and nasal emission were examined by nasoendoscopy. At the same time the speech intelligibility was measured.

RESULTSNo palatopharyngeal valve insufficiency was found and all the soft palates had good symmetry and movement. The average speech intelligibility was 98.4%.

CONCLUSIONSFree fibula composite flap can reconstruct the phonatory structure and support the function of soft palate, which can restorate speech function well. It is a good choice for maxillary reconstruction.

Adult ; Female ; Fibula ; Humans ; Male ; Maxilla ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Speech Intelligibility ; Surgical Flaps

AIMTo explore the influence of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) preconditioning on anoxic resistance and anti-weariness at high altitude.

METHODS(1) SOD, MDA, NO, NOS, BLA and BUN of 20 youths living at 3 700 m altitude for half year were tested, then they were divided into group A (n=10, received HBO pretreatment twice) and group B (n=10, received HBO pretreatment 5 times) randomly. They were asked to pedal the EMG-bicycle-ergometer at the second and eighth day, and then the same items were tested. (2) 29 youth who would go to Astronomical Spot (5200 m) were randomly divided into group HBO (n=11, received HBO pretreatment once per day for 2 days at Yecheng (1400 m)) and comparison group (n=10). When they reached I Astronomical Spot, thematic biochemical index were investigated. (3) When 20 youth reached Thirty Milepost Barracks (3700 m) at the second day in their way to Immortal Gulf (5380 m) from Yecheng were randomly divided into group HBO (n=10, received HBO pretreatment once per day for 3 days) and comparison group (n=10). When they reached Immortal Gulf, the thematic biochemical index were investigated.

RESULTS(1) SOD, NO, NOS were increased and BLA, BUN, MDA were decrease in group A compared with that in group B until the eighth day, there was significant difference (P < 0.01). (2) SOD, NO, NOS were increased and BLA, BUN, MDA were decrease in group HBO compared with that in comparison that in group, there was significant difference between groups (P < 0.01, or P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONHBO could enhance the activity of anti-oxidase and the cleared ability of lactic acid, and the effect of anti-weariness could last for 8 days.

Altitude ; Altitude Sickness ; prevention & control ; Fatigue ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; methods ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; methods ; Male ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; physiology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Young Adult