Objective To introduce a rapid spot test method for nitrite in water to meet the urgent need of nitrite monitoring during accidental pollution. Methods According to the drinking water legislation in Europe (threshold: 0.10 mg/L NO2-), a rapid spot test method for nitrite in water was established by using an optimized composition of reagent mixture and a binary positive/negative response, conducted as follows: a tablet of a mixture of solid reagents containing sulfanilamide, N-(1-naphthyl) ethylene diamine dihydrochloride and sodium chloride was put on a spot test plate of Teflon mould, then, a drop of 30%(V/V) HCl and a drop of water sample were added on the reagent material. Results Under these conditions, all the test samples containing ≥0.10 mg/L NO2- can produce a positive response of the characteristic red-purple color, whereas, the samples will produce a negative response when the level of NO2- was below the limit. The results of real water samples determined with this new method were confirmed by using the photometric method based on the use of the same reagents. Conclusion The method is simple, rapid , accurate, and suitable for field monitoring of nitrite in water.

Animals ; Humans ; Reproducibility of Results ; Selenium ; analysis ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and treatment feature of maxillary incisor extraction in orthodontics.Methods:9 patients underwent orthodontic treatment with maxillary incisor extraction,5 female and 4 male,with an average age of 1 7.2 years at the start,were included.5 patients were treated by extraction of both upper incisors and lower first premolars,4 by extraction of the abnor-mal incisor and the first premolars in the other three quadrants.Cephalometric and Bolton index analysis were carried out.Results:Sat-isfactory treatment results were observed in all patients.Before treatment the predicted Bolton index of the patients of the anterior ratio and the overall ratio were 80.1 4% and 91 .3%,after orthodontic treatment 78.68% and 90.28%,respectively.Cephalometric analysis showed that U1 -NA(mm),U1 -NA,L1 -NB(mm),L1 -NB,U1 -SN,L1 -MP,UL-E and LL-E were decreased(P <0.05).Conclu-sion:Individual treatment plan based on Bolton index analysis and the corresponding techniques and methods,the patients with abnor-mal upper incisors can be effectively treated with the extraction of maxillary incisors.

Objective:To explore the influence of diabetic self-management education on blood glucose control and inflammatory factor levels in inpatients with diabetes mellitus (DM).Methods:A total of 168 DM patients,who hospitalized in department of endocrinology in 163rd hospital of Chinese PLA from Jun 2012 to Jun 2013,were ran-domly divided into self-management education group (self-management group,n=88)and routine health education group (routine management group,n = 80).Self-management group received self-management education course namely AADE7TM ,provided by full-time DM health education staff,including healthy eating,being active,monito-ring,taking medication,problem solving,healthy coping and reducing risks,while routine management group re-ceived routine DM health education.Blood glucose control,changes of levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)were examined before and after interven-tion.Results:Compared with before intervention,there were significant reductions in levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG),postprandial blood glucose (PBG)and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)in both groups after interventions (P <0.05 all).Compared with routine management group,there were significant reductions in levels of FBG [(7.1 ±1.3)mmol/L vs.(6.0±1.1)mmol/L],PBG [(9.5±1.6)mmol/L vs.(8.8±1.4)mmol/L]and HbA1c [(7.9 ±1.5)% vs.(7.2±1.1)%]in self-management group,P <0.05 all.Before discharge,there were significant de-crease in inflammatory factor levels in both groups compared with before intervention (P < 0.05 all).Compared with routine management group after intervention,there were significant decrease in inflammatory factor levels [TNF-α:(201.0±57.3)pg/ml vs.(100.7±49.2)pg/ml,ICAM-1:(25.2±3.6)ng/ml vs.(18.2±2.9)ng/ml] in self-management group,P < 0.05 both.Conclusion:Self-management education provided by full-time diabetic health education staff is superior to routine diabetic health education method in controlling blood glucose and decrea-sing inflammatory factor levels,indicating it can improveβcell function and relieve insulin resistance.

The structure, pharmaceutical functions and extraction and isolation methods of chlorgenic acid were reviewed to provide references for the research of chlorogenic acids and the production of the medicines chlorogenic acids.

To introduce composition,the testing principle of the urine analyzer,To reduce the failure rate, extend the service life of the instrument and improve the accuracy of diagnosis. Make the maintenance system ,according to the system of equipment maintenance maintain the urine analyzer daily and monthly. The maintenance plays an important role in reducing the failure rate, extending equipment life and improving the accuracy of diagnosis.

Objective To study the significance of dissection and exposure of the recurrent laryngeal nerve(RLN) in thyroid surgery.Methods The clinical data of 1 082 patients who had undergone operations on thyroid were retrospectively reviewed.All cases were routinely operated with dissection and exposure of RLN.Results Six cases had injury of RLN(0.5%),3 cases showed parathyroid insufficiency(0.3%)and 2 cases had injury of the superior laryngeal nerve(0.2%) ofter operation.The incidence of operative complications in thyroid surgery was closely related with if exposure of the RLN.Conclusions Exposure of the recurrent laryngeal nerve is a key measure to decrease injury of parathyroids,superior laryngeal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgery.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Shenkangwan in preventing the development of diabetic nephropathy(DN)through TGF-?1/Smad signaling pathway.Methods The diabetic rat models were established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ)in male Wistar rats and randomly divided into 3 groups:model control group,Capoten group and Shenkangwan group.Another 8 normal Wistar rats served as normal control.After the rats had been treated for 8 weeks,the mRNA expressions of fibronetin(FN)and TGF-?1 were detected by RT-PCR and the protein expressions of Smad 2,Smad 3 by immunohistochemistry in the renal tissues.Results During the past 8 weeks,the blood glucose of the rats in the model control group was all over 16.7 mmol/L and they exhibited the symptoms of diabetes mellitus,such as excessive thirsty,extreme hunger,frequent urination and unusual weight loss.The mRNA expressions of FN and TGF-?1 in rat renal tissues of model control group were significantly higher than those in the rats of normal control group(P

Objective:The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of enteral nutrition on stress response and gut barrier function after surgery for esophageal cancer. Methods: Patients who underwent esophagectomy were divided into two groups. Group PN (28 patients) served as the control group. Group EN (26 patients) received enteral nutrition. Results: The serum total protein, albumin, prealbumin and transferrin decreased after operation, but there were no differences between the two groups. The serum levels of IL-6 were significantly higher on the first and third postoperative days after the operation in two groups (P

Objective: To compare the differences in gene expression between murine intestine intraepithelial lymphocytes (iIELs) and splenic T lymphocytes, establishing the cDNA subtractive library of iIELs, analyzing the iIELs special genes. Methods: The iIELs and splenic T lymphocytes were isolated by density gradient in Percoll and nylon column respectively. cDNA subtractive library of iIELs was established by improved subtractive hybridization. The cDNA was ligated with a different adaptor. After 2 rounds of hybridization and suppression PCR amplification, the PCR products were directly inserted into the plasmid vectors. The ESTs special for iIELs were screened by reverse Northern blot. Results: Fifty ESTs with obvious difference in the cDNA subtractive library of iIELs were screened. These ESTs were squenced and submitted to Genebank. The ESTs were analyzed through BLAST, and 14 genes special for iIELs were obtained. These genes were associated with the pattern recognition of pathogen, cytokine signal transduction and proteinase inhibitors. Conclusion: iIELs are important components of intestine natural immunity, it can recognize the conservative antigens of bacteria and can be affected by cytokines and proteinase inhibitors, leading to unique cellular behavior--more resting and less activation.