Blood Group Incompatibility ; complications ; Erythroblastosis, Fetal ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; MNSs Blood-Group System ; immunology ; Male

Erythroblastosis, Fetal ; blood ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; MNSs Blood-Group System

Diseases in Twins ; Erythroblastosis, Fetal ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; MNSs Blood-Group System ; immunology

The MNS blood group system includes more than 40 antigens, and the M, N, S and s antigens are the most significant ones in the system. The antigenic determinants of M and N antigens lie on the top of GPA on the surface of red blood cells, while the antigenic determinants of S and s antigens lie on the top of GPB on the surface of red blood cells. The GYPA gene coding GPA and the GYPB gene coding GPB locate at the longarm of chromosome 4 and display 95% homologus sequence, meanwhile both genes locate closely to GYPE gene that did not express product. These three genes formed "GYPA-GYPB-GYPE" structure called GYP genome. This review focuses on the molecular basis of genomic GYP and the variety of GYP genome in the expression of diversity MNS blood group antigens. The molecular basis of Miltenberger hybrid glycophorin polymorphism is specifically expounded.
Blood Group Antigens ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4 ; genetics ; Humans ; MNSs Blood-Group System ; genetics ; immunology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Sequence Homology

This study was purposed to investigate the molecular polymorphism of gypa gene in association with MN human blood group in Chinese Han population. The MN phenotypes of 202 random samples from unrelated Chinese Han volunteers were identified by serology techniques. The primer for gypa gene exon 2 were designed and synthesized according to reference sequences of NG-007470 gene from GenBank, the DNA of 202 samples was amplified by PCR, at the same time, the amplified products were analyzed by direct DNA sequencing. The results showed that all samples had 2 base substitutions at 1st and 56th nt of gypa exon 2, among them the MN phenotype heterozygote exited mainly in the form of 1A > C, 22T/C, 34A/G, 35T/G, 56T > C; the MM phenotype homozygote exited mainly in the form of 1A > C, 22C, 34G, 35T, 56T > C; the NN phenotype homozygote exited mainly in the form of 1A > C, 22T, 34A, 35G, 56T > C. It is concluded that the polymorphism of gypa gene in associated with MN blood group in Chinese Han population is decided by 5 nucleotide sites of 1, 22, 34, 35 and 56. The bases of 1 and 56 are non-functional gypa single nucleotide polymorphism.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Exons ; Genotype ; Glycophorin ; genetics ; Humans ; MNSs Blood-Group System ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA