Objective: To develop a brief version of Quality of Life of College Students Questionnaire(QOLCS-51) to measure the quality of college students conveniently in time. Methods: Qualitative research and two investigations were applied to shorten and verify the brief questionnaire, and SPSS 22.0 and Lisrel 9.20 were used to analyze the reliability and validity of 2 questionnaires. Results: Quality of Life of College Students Questionnaire-bref was developed by deleting 22 items through qualitative research and 6 items by the first investigation. 952 college students from Jiangsu, Anhui and Shanxi Province were selected to participate in the second investigation, which consisted of five domains and 23 items (QOLCS-23). All 23 items were accepted by analysis of difficulty(0.44-0.68), and all have passed the test of critical ratio(P<0.01), the general related index was 0.33-0.60(P<0.01). 78.3% items distinguished the students with/without dyssomnia. Reliability was tested by test-retest reliability coefficient(0.71-0.86), homogeneity reliability coefficient (Cronbach α=0.845) and exploratory factor analysis (6 factors, i.e. physics domain, three subdomains of psychology domain, behavior domain, social domain and environment domain). Validity was tested by correlations of five domains between QOLCS-51 and QOLCS23(greater than 0.8) and confirmatory factor analysis(χ2/df=12.17, RMSEA=0.05, SRMR=0.07, GFI=0.84, AGFI=0.83, CFI=0.92, IFI=0.92, NFI=0.85, NNFI=0.91). Conclusion QOLCS51 consists of 23 items of QOLCS23, after deleting 28 items, to assess 5 dimensions of physiology, psychology, behavior, environment and social support with good construction validity and criterion-related validity, and good homogeneity reliability and re-test reliability.