No abstract available.
Humans* ; Multiple Sclerosis

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of intraveneous immunoglobulin (IVIG) infusion on renal function in neonates. IVIG has provided quite safe in neonates given therapeutic doses. But nephrotoxicity is not a recognized adverse events of IVIG therapy, only several previous adult cases having been described. A total twenty five neonates suspected sepsis was randomely assigned to IVIG (n=12) or control (n=13) group. Neonates assigned to IVIG group received IVIG (1g/kg, 1 dose) adjunct to ampicillin and gentamicin, and neonates assigned to control group received same antibiotics. To observe changes in renal function with IVIG therapy, serum BUN, creatinine, urine creatinine, beta2-microglobulin ( beta2MG) and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosam-inidase (NAG) were obtained before and 24 hours, 3 and 7 days after initiation of therapy. There were no statistically significant changes in serum BUN and creatinine in both groups. Transient increase of urine NAG was observed at 24 hours after therapy in IVIG group. Urine beta2MG of IVIG group remained in pretreatment level, whereas decreased with age in control group, so, at 7th day IVIG group have higher urinary excretion of beta2MG compared to control group. According to these results, it was found that IVIG therapy in neonates might cause transient renal tubular damage.
Adult ; Ampicillin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Creatinine ; Gentamicins ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous* ; Infant, Newborn* ; Sepsis

No abstract available.
Lip ; Nevus, Blue

This study was performed to evaluate the tensile bond strength and modulus of elasticity of three permanent soft denture liners (Molloplast B , Ufi Gel C , Tokuyama ) before and after thermocycling. And their water sorption were also evaluated. Each soft denture liner was bonded to PMMA denture base resin blocks and the tensile bond strength and modulus of elasticity were measured by using universal testing machine. For the water sorption, weight measured after immersion of soft denture liners in 37+/-1degrees C water bath for 4 weeks. The results were as follows : 1. Molloplast B had the highest tensile bond strength, while Tokuyama had the lowest tensile bond strength, There was no significant difference between Tokuyama and Molloplast B in the both nonthermocycling and thermocycling. There was significant difference in tensile strength of Tokuyama before and after thermocycling(p<0.05). 2. For the modulus of elasticity, there was no significant difference between Ufi Gel C and Tokuyama in the both nonthermocycling and thermocycling. There was significant difference in modulus of elasticity of Tokuyama before and after thermocycling(p<0.05). 3. The failure modes of Molloplast B and Ufi Gel C were nainley adhesive type and that of Tokuyama was mainly mixed type in case of nonthermocycling and cohesive type after thermocycling. 4. The water sorption of each soft liners was within+/-2% in times (p<0.05) but, there was no significant difference among the soft liners in times.
Adhesives ; Baths ; Denture Bases ; Denture Liners* ; Dentures* ; Elastic Modulus ; Immersion ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Tensile Strength ; Water

Unstable microsatellite repeat sequences or DNA replication errors(RER) due to defective mismatch repair genes have been reported in a subset of sporadic colorectal tumors and in most tumors of patients of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma(HNPCC). To elucidate the clinicopathological correlation of these RER-positive cancers, we examined 16 cases of colorectal carcinoma of different histologic subtypes(6 cases of carcinoma with no gland formation, 5 cases of mucinous carcinoma and 5 cases of gland forming carcinoma). We detected RER in five cases. The patients with RER-positive cancers had a marked preponderance of carcinoma with no gland formations out of 6 carcinomas with no gland formation were RER-positive cancers) and of cancers proximal to splenic flexure(all of the RER-positive cases were proximal colon carcinomas). We conclude that RER-positive cancers have wiique pathologic features that may be useful for the screening and counselling of patients with hereditary colon cancers.

The aim of this study was to characterize the morphology of a polycystic kidney which was found in 100% of the transgenic mice homozygous for inv mutation and to gain insight into the pathogenesis of inherited polycystic kidney disease during the pre- and postnatal periods. The fetal and postnatal kidneys from the homozygous and heterozygous transgenic mice were examined by the light, transmission and scanning electron microscopes, image analyzer, and an immunohistochemistry utilizing the antibodies specific for each segment of the renal tubules (Tetragonolobus purpureas, Arachis hypogaea, Tamm-Horsfall protein, AE1/AE3, EMA, vimentin, Phaseolus vulgaris) was performed to determine the site of origin of renal cysts. Two developmental phases of a cystic disease were identified. The first phase, seen in fetal kidneys, was characterized by dilatation mainly of the proximal tubules and a few distal tubules. The later phase, in postnatal period, was characterized by progressive enlargement of the kidneys due to mainly cystic change of the collecting ducts, which distorted the normal architecture of both cortex and medulla and almost completely replaced the renal parenchyma. The cystic dilatation involved all segments of the nephron and the collecting duct as well as the Bowman's spaces of glomeruli. The epithelial cell hyperplasia was found as a micropolyp formation within the renal cysts and an increase in PCNA positive cells. These findings suggest that a cyst is not simply a ballooning of a renal tubule and the stretching of cells, formerly thought to be due to an altered compliance of an abnormal basement membrane, but indeed the result of increased numbers of tubular epithelial cells.
Animals ; Antibodies ; Arachis ; Basement Membrane ; Compliance ; Dilatation ; Epithelial Cells ; Hyperplasia ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kidney ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic* ; Microscopy, Electron ; Nephrons ; Phaseolus ; Polycystic Kidney Diseases* ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Uromodulin ; Vimentin

BACKGROUND: This study aims to obtain basic data regarding the proper maintenance and potential role of humidifiers in the development of nosocomial pneumonia. We investigated into a spectrum of bacteria that grew after disinfection in humidifiers that were used in intensive care units (ICUs). The bacteria were isolated at different time points after disinfection. METHODS: We randomly selected 6 humidifiers that were used in an ICU and conducted a series of bacterial culture studies at 24 hr, 48 hr, 72 hr and 168 hr after disinfecting the six humidifiers. The fluid from the humidifider was cultured in the same manner as the dialysate. RESULTS: No bacteria were isolated in most of the 6 humidifiers 24 hr after the disinfection of the instruments. Gram-negative bacilli such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Burkholderia cepacia, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia were cultured at 48 hr after disinfection. CONCLUSION: Regular and thorough disinfection of humidifiers is necessary to prevent possible spread of infection via humidifiers in the ICU.
Acinetobacter baumannii ; Bacteria ; Burkholderia cepacia ; Disinfection ; Critical Care ; Intensive Care Units ; Pneumonia ; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

PURPOSE: To examine the effect of the solution-focused group counseling program on the nursing students' problem-solving capacity. METHODS: The research design was one-group pretest-posttest design in quasi-experimental research. The subjects were 16 sophomore nursing students being in K university located in D city. Korea. The period of this research was from January 9 to February 20, 2002. from January 10 to February 21. 2003. The group counseling program that was developed by Kim, Hyeon Mi (2001) on the basis of the fundamental principles of solution-focused therapy of de Shazer. et al. (1986) and the solution-focused group counseling process proposed by Selekman (1991). LaFountain. et al. (1996) and Metcalf (1998) was used after being modified and complemented for the nursing students. The group counseling was carried out six times for 120 minutes per week. The instruments used for this study were the Problem Solving Inventory developed by Heppner and Petersen (1982) and Scaling question. Collected data were analyzed by paired t-test with SPSS program. RESULTS: 1) Problem solving capacity increased after solution-focused group counseling program, but a significant difference was not revealed(t=0.835, p=0.057). 2) The scores of self-confidence with the problem-solving were significantly increased when it was compared with the 1st and the 6th(t=3.587, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: It seems that the solution-focused group counseling program should be considered as an effective nursing intervention program for the nursing students by improving self-confidence with the problem-solving. As a results, this study suggests that the specific techniques used in the solution focused therapy should be applied actively in areas of counseling and communication training for the nursing students and nurses.
Complement System Proteins ; Counseling* ; Humans ; Korea ; Nursing* ; Problem Solving ; Research Design ; Students, Nursing*

BACKGROUND: With increase of antibiotics use and invasive procedures, infections caused by multi-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MRAB) are increasing. Recently, we experienced the outbreak of- nosocomial infections caused by MRAB resistant to imipenem and cefoperazone/sulbactam in intensive care units (ICU) and general ward. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of the infected patients and antibiotic susceptibility of the organisms. And surveillance cultures and IRS-PCR were performed to find out the transmission route. METHODS: We collected data from physical examination and clinical records. We performed surveillance cultures of environment, patients not infected with MRAB in ICU, and hands of health care workers. RESULTS: Between November 1996 and June 1997, 49 strains of MRAB were isolated from the 26 patients hospitalized in Kangnam St. Mary' s Hospital. The lower respiratory infection (13 cases) was the most common infection and sputum was the most common sources (47.1%). All strains of MRAB showed the same genotype. In disk diffusion test, all strains were resistant to piperacillin, gentamicin, amikacin, ceftazidime, cefoperazone/sulbactam, aztreonam, imipencm, ciprofloxacin. From the surveillance cultures, the genotypically identical strains were isolated from ventilator Y-piece, the floor of ICU, and hands of health care workers. It suggested that this strain was transmitted through ventilatory device or hands of health care workers. We instructed all the health care workers to wash hands, to disinfect hospital environment completely. Since July 1997, no further case has occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Since A. baumannii could be transmitted through ventilatory devices and the hands of health care workers, it is important to wash hands and to disinfect hospital environment completely.
Acinetobacter baumannii* ; Acinetobacter* ; Amikacin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Aztreonam ; Ceftazidime ; Ciprofloxacin ; Cross Infection* ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diffusion ; Genotype ; Gentamicins ; Hand ; Humans ; Imipenem* ; Critical Care Units ; Patients' Rooms ; Physical Examination ; Piperacillin ; Sputum ; Ventilators, Mechanical