Radiosensitizer as a promising novel anti-tumor medicine has synergetic effects with radiotherapy,and can enhance the kill rate of tumor cells and radiotherapy effect.In recent years,due to the new theory and technology,the researches of radiosensitizer extend to different fields,from the traditional DNA target sensitizer to new radiosensitizer including nano-particles.Consequently,radiosensitizer combined with radiotherapy will become a new and effective treatment strategy for esophageal carcinoma to enhance the therapeutic effect of esophageal carcinoma.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Child ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; genetics ; Humans ; Macrolides ; pharmacology ; Pediatrics ; Streptococcus pyogenes ; drug effects

Asthma ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Child ; China ; Chronic Disease ; Cough ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans

Objective To inhibit the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in human kidney tubular epithelial cell(HKC) with specific small interference RNA(siRNA),then to observe whether the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) on HKC could be influenced.Methods HKCs were transfected with MMP-2,MMP-9 siRNA or irrespective siRNA respectively,untransfected HKC was considered as blank control.Four groups of HKCs were stimulated with 100nmol/L phorbol myristate acetate(PMA) for 18h.Total RNA or protein of cells were extracted with Trizol and RIPA cell lysate respectively,the mRNA expression levels of MMP-2,MMP-9 and ICAM-1 were detected by real time PCR,the protein expression levels of above indexes were detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence combined with confocal laser microscopy.Results The specific siRNA could inhibit the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in HKCs effectively.Immunofluorescence combined with confocal assay demonstrated that while HKCs was stimulated with PMA,the expression of ICAM-1 was up-regulated,which was significantly up-regulated in the group transfected with MMP-9 siRNA(P0.05).Conclusions The inhibitory expression of MMP-9 of HKC may up-regulate the expression of ICAM-1,implying that,besides taking part in the degradation of extracellular matrix,MMP-9 may throw an influence on the proceeding of renal fibrosis by inflammatory pathway.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; Cell Division ; Chromosome Deletion ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; Telomere ; genetics ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parathyroid Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

Objective: To study the regularity of dry matter accumulation and its absorption and distribution of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) in Artemisia annua, and to provide a scientific fertilizer application for the standardized cultivation. Methods: The sampling was carried out in the different growing periods of A. annua under field condition, and the amount of dry matter and the contents of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in all parts of the plant were determined, respectively. Results: The dry matter mainly distributed in leaves within 40 d after transplanting, and this period could be defined as seedling period. The period within 40-100 d could be defined as vegetative growth period and the dry matter mainly distributed in leaves and branches. The period within 100-180 d could be defined as reproductive growth period. And the period of 100-140 d could be defined as earlier reproductive growth period, and the dry matter mainly distributed in branches and flower buds during this time. The period of 140-180 d could be defined as later reproductive growth period, the dry matter mainly distributed in branches and seeds during this time. The accumulation of nutrition was the lowest in seedling period; but the uptake of nutrition increased in vegetative growth period, and mainly distributed in leaves and branches. Nutrition mainly distributed in leaves earlier reproductive growth period, but transferred to flower buds gradually. Nutrition mainly distributed in seeds in the later reproductive growth period. The dry matter accumulation lineally increased with the assimilation and accumulation of N, K, Mg, Ca, and P. The uptake proportion of them was 4.21:4.17:0.74:0.63:0.24 in the whole growth period. Conclusion: Low nutrition should be applied during seedling stage to controlling the loss of nutrition. During the period of 40-140 d after transplanting, A. annua grows quickly, and mineral nutrition must be supplied especially N and K. The maximum uptake period of P, Ca, and Mg is in 100-120 d, so Ca, Mg, and P fertilizers should be applied earlier or by foliage spray to promote the formation of flower buds and seeds.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Sleep Deprivation ; physiopathology ; psychology

AIM　To investigate the chemical constituents of the rhizomes of Dioscorea panthaica Prain et Burkill and look for new active compounds. METHODS　The compounds were isolated with silica gel and HPLC, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical evidences and spectral analysis (IR, ESI-MS, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, DEPT, 1H-1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, NOESY). RESULTS　Three steroidal saponins were isolated from the rhizomes of Dioscorea panthaica. They were elucidated as 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,26-diol-23(S)-methoxy-25(R)-Δ5,20(22)-diene-furosta-3-O-［α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)］-β-D-glucopyranoside (I), pseudoprotodioscin (II), 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,26-diol-25(R)-Δ5,20(22)-diene-furosta-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (III). CONCLUSION　Compound I is a new steroidal saponin and was named as dioscoreside C. Compound II and III were obtained from this genus for the first time.

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the roots of Rubus parvifolius. Methods: The chemical constituents were extracted and purified by silica gel column chromatography. NMR spectra were used for structural identification. Results: Phytochemical study on the roots of R. parvifolius led to the isolation of one ceramide (1), two anthraquinones ( 2 and 3), four triterpenoids (4-7), two flavonoids (8 and 9), one fatty acid ester (10), and two sterols (11 and 12). Conclusion: Compound 1 is isolated from the plants of family Rosaceae for the first time, and compounds 2-5 are isolated from genus Rubus for the first time. Though R. parvifolius shares the same major chemical types (triterpenoid, flavonoid, and anthraquinone) with those of R. alceaefolius, a substituent of R. parvifolius, their individual constituents are different. In addition, R. parvifolius contains ceramide (1) with high concentration, while caffeoylquinic acid reported in R. alceaefolius has not been found in R. parvifolius. Furthermore, the results from our phytochemical study are consistent with the DNA phylogenic relationship between R. parvifolius and R. alceaefolius (two separated subgenera), suggesting that the substitution of the former species with the latter one in folk medicine might not be suitable.