Objective To study the effect of monosialoteterahexosyl ganglioside (GM1) on neurobehavioral development in premature infants with white matter damage. Methods A total of 636premature infants who were hospitalized in NICU of two hospitals from Jan 2005 to May 2009 received routine bedside cranial sonography detection before 1 week-aged. Forty premature infants were diagnosed as being premature white matter damage and divided into the treatment group (20 cases ) and the control group (20 cases) randomly. The cases in the treatment group accepted GM1 20 mg additional to 5% glucose solutionthe iv drip, one time per day,for a cycle of 14 d. 1 -3 cycles were given in accordance with patient's condition. Other treatments were same to the control group. All cases were evaluated by neonatal behavioral and neurological assessment (NBNA) at the rectified age of 40 gestational weeks and by Children's Developmental Center of China (CDCC) test at 3 months-aged and 12 months-aged. Results The NBNA scores of the treatment group (38.10±0.91) were significantly higher than the control group (36.10±1.59) at the rectified age of 40 gestational weeks (P＜0.01). The indexes of mental development(MDI) and psychomotor performance development (PDI) by the CDCC tests in the treating group (3 months-aged MDI:91.66±6.38;PDI:87.11±5.57; 12 months-aged MDI:104.10±6.45; PDI:100.46±3.87) were significantly higher than those in the control group (3 months-aged MDI:81.07±0.72; PDI:81.90±6.70; 12 months-aged MDI:98.45±8.57; PDI:95.91±6.59) at 3 months-aged and 12 months-aged ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion GM1 can accelerate the neurobehavioral development in premature infants with white matter damage.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and treatment feature of maxillary incisor extraction in orthodontics.Methods:9 patients underwent orthodontic treatment with maxillary incisor extraction,5 female and 4 male,with an average age of 1 7.2 years at the start,were included.5 patients were treated by extraction of both upper incisors and lower first premolars,4 by extraction of the abnor-mal incisor and the first premolars in the other three quadrants.Cephalometric and Bolton index analysis were carried out.Results:Sat-isfactory treatment results were observed in all patients.Before treatment the predicted Bolton index of the patients of the anterior ratio and the overall ratio were 80.1 4% and 91 .3%,after orthodontic treatment 78.68% and 90.28%,respectively.Cephalometric analysis showed that U1 -NA(mm),U1 -NA,L1 -NB(mm),L1 -NB,U1 -SN,L1 -MP,UL-E and LL-E were decreased(P <0.05).Conclu-sion:Individual treatment plan based on Bolton index analysis and the corresponding techniques and methods,the patients with abnor-mal upper incisors can be effectively treated with the extraction of maxillary incisors.

Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO),as the contrast agent of MRI,possesses two major properties:long half time in the plasma and specific binding with macrophages.Compared with gadolinium,widely-used in clinic presently,USPIO has its unique advantages in diagnosis of central nervous system diseases,though which still need further clinical verification.This article reviews the application of USPIO in MRI diagnosis of some central nervous system diseases.

OBJECTIVE:To study the compatible stability of Levofloxacin hydrochloride injection with Inosine in sodium chloride injection. METHODS:Levofloxacin hydrochloride injection was mixed with Inosine in sodium chloride. Then UV spectrophotometry was applied to detect the change of content at 20 ℃ within 6 hours. The change of appearance,pH value,content of mixture,insoluble particle were also observed. RESULTS:The change of appearance,pH value,content of mixture,insoluble particle in mixture was not found out. CONCLUSION:Levofloxacin hydrochloride injection mixing with Inosine in sodium chloride injection is suitable for clinical use within 6 h.

Objective To compare the efficacies of automatic erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) analyzer using EDTA as blood anticoagulant ,traditional Westergren method and ESR analyzer using sodium citrate as blood anticoagulant in detecting ESR , in order to chose the appropriate one for clinical application .Methods A total of 40 samples were collected and divided into 3 groups .The ESR was detected by using XC‐A30 automatic ESR analyzer using EDTA as blood anticoagulant (XC ESR analyzer) , Westergren method and VISION‐C automatic ESR analyzer using sodium citrate as blood anticoagulant (VISION ESR analyzer) ,re‐spectively .Statistical analysis was used to comparing the detection results of ESR among the three methods .The repeatability test was carried out for evaluating repeatability of VISION ESR analyser .Results There was statistically significant difference in ESR detected by using Westergren ,XC ESR analyzer and VISION ESR analyzer(F=86 .497 ,P=0 .000) .There was statistically signifi‐cant difference in ESR between that detected by using XC ESR analyzer and that detected by using Westergren (t= -4 .08 ,P=0 .004) .The ESR detected by using VISION ESR analyzer was positively correlated with that detected by using Westergren (r=0 .975 ,P=0 .000) .There was no statistically significant difference in ESR between that detected by using VISION ESR analyzer and that detected by using Westergren(t=0 .65 ,P=0 .638) .The repetitive tests of analyzer shown that the within‐run coefficient of variation(CV) and between‐run CV both were less than 10% .Conclusion The ESR detected by using VISION ESR analyzer which is simple operation and with credible result has good correlation with that detected by using Westergren .The VISION ESR analyzer might be suitable for clinical application .

Objective: To investigate the Ventral Pallidrm′s function of cardiovascular adjustment by observing the changes of the rats′blood pressure. Methods:Ten SD rats′blood pressure were respectively observed through a catheter in one of the common carotid arteries after unilateral Ventral Pallidum stimulation by certain concertration,certain volume glutamate solution under stereotaxic guidance. Results:Glutamate stimulation on Ventral Pallidum caused elevation of the rats′blood pressure,thechanges were significant. Conclusion:Ventral Pallidum has a role in regulating blood pressure. It belongs to behavior related pattern and sympathetic regulated.

Objective To evaluate the indications and effectiveness of lower incisor extraction in orthodontics.Methods Twenty-three adult patients with lower incisor extraction were included in the study.The cases consisted of 14 female and 9 male patients with an average age of 23.2 years at the start.One single lower incisor was extracted in 17 patients and the other tow upper premolars were extracted in 6 patients.Cephalometric and casts analyses were carried out.Results Total treatment time was 13-23 months.All extraction space was closed after the treatment.All patients achieved satisfactory treatment results,with normal overbite and overjet and stable occlusal relationship.There were no significant changes before and after treatment on cephalometric analysis.The intercanine width was reduced by from pretreatment to posttreatment [(26.89--2.89) mm vs (23.92-t-1.54) mm (P＜0.05)].Conclusions The intercanine width is reduced after lower incisor extraction.In order to achieve satisfactory clinical effect,we should carefully select cases and pay attention to the corresponding techniques and methods.

Objective To study the effect of danshao shugan granule combined with metformin in treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver and its effects on lipid and uric acid metabolism.Methods 80 patients of nonalcoholic fatty liver who received therapy from February 2014 to February 2015 in our hospital were selected as research objects.According to random number table,those patients were divided into the observation group (n=40) cases in each group and the control group (n=40).The control group was treated with metformin, while the observation group was treated with danshao shugan granule combined with metformin.Then blood lipid level, FBG, FINS, IR, SUA level, SOD, MDA level, therapeutic effect of two groups after treatment were compared.Results After treatment, TG,TC in observation group was significantly less than the control group (P<0.05); FBG, FINS, IR, SUA levels in the observation group were significantly lower than the control group ( P<0.05 ); SOD level higher than the control group, MDA level significantly less than the control group (P<0.05); The total effective rate of observation group was statistically higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Danshao shugan granule combined with metformin is well for nonalcoholic fatty liver,which can improve the glucose, lipid, uric acid metabolism and insulin resistance, and can protect the liver function.

Objective To compare the therapeutic efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided thrombin injection (UGTI) combined with saline injection and ultrasound-guided compression repair (UGCR) for upper limb pseudoaneurysm (PSA). Methods The clinical features and therapeutic efficacy of UGCR and UGTI for PSA of the upper extremities were retrospectively assessed after catheterization through radial artery. When UGCR was conducted, PSA, its communicating emissaries with other arteries were first identified with color Doppler, and then direct manual compression over the aneurysm for 30 minutes until complete thrombosis was observed. When UGCR failed, a 20-22G needle was inserted into PSA and saline was injected with continuous color Doppler guidance to confirm that the tip of the needle was in the aneurysm. Then thrombin was injected into the aneurysmal sac. All the patients were followed-up clinically and with ultrasound 24h or 14-30 days after the treatments. Results For the 14 patients with upper limb PSA who received UGCR for the first time, 5 were cured with a success rate of 35.7%. Nine cases underwent repeated UGCR treatment, and it was successful in four patients. The overall success rate for UGCR was 64.3% (9/14). All the five patients in whom UGCR failed were successfully cured when UGTI was conducted. In four cases it was successful after the first UGTI, and only one patient received repeated UGTI treatment. The total success rate for UGTI was 100% (5/5). No obvious adverse effect and recurrence were found after follow-up for 14-30 days in all patients. Conclusions Both UGCR and UGTI are safe, effective, and expedient treatment for patients with PSA in the upper extremity. UGTI is the preferred method for its simplicity, high success rate and avoidance of possible distal arterial embolism.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of Bidens bipinnata and search for bioactive natural products, which have the anticancer and antiinflammation activities. Methods The six compounds were isolated by a combination of silica gel, reversed phase silica gel column chromatography, and polyamide column chromatography. Their structures were identified by spectral methods. Results Ten compounds were isolated and six structures were identified. They are trideca-2-?-D-glucopyranosyl-1, 13-dihydroxy-3 (E), 11 (E)-en-5, 7, 9-triyne (Ⅰ), trideca -2-?-D-glucopyranosyl-1, 13-dihydroxy-11 (E)-dien-3, 5, 7, 9-tetrayne (Ⅱ), hyperoside (Ⅲ), 6-O-(3″, 6″-diacetyl-?-D-glucopyranosyl)-6, 7, 3′, 4′-(tetrahydroxyaurone) (Ⅳ), 6-O-(6″-acetyl-?-D-glucopyranosyl)-6, 7, 3′, 4′-tetrahydroxyaurone (Ⅴ), 6-O-(4″, 6″-diacetyl-?-D-glucopyranosyl)-6, 7, 3′, 4′-tetrahydroxyaurone (Ⅵ). Conclusion Compound Ⅱ is a novel compound, compound Ⅴ is isolated from this plant for the first time.