AIM: Mangrove is one of the oldest living tree species and its leaves are among the most extensively studied botanicals in use today. Scientific research throughout the world has found evidence to support the fact that its foliar extracts have great potential against human microbial pathogens. This study highlights the isolation of foliar fungi from Rhizophora mucronata, Avicenna officialis and Avicenna marina. METHOD: It was isolated in Sabouroud's Dextrose Agar and mass cultivation was done in Sabouroud's Dextrose broth. RESULTS: The ethyl acetate extract showed maximum antibacterial activity which inturn checked for different concentration against bacterial pathogens and anticancer activity for Hep2 and MCF7 cell line in vitro. The DNA was isolated from the fungi and the ITS region of 5.8 s RNA was sequenced and assigned to new species as they are separated from the type strains phylogenetic neighbors by sequence similarities. CONCLUSION This preliminary screening of fungal endophytes revealed their potential to yield potent bioactive compounds for drug discovery programmes.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Avicennia ; microbiology ; Base Sequence ; Biological Products ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Cell Line, Tumor ; DNA, Fungal ; Endophytes ; Humans ; Hypocrea ; genetics ; MCF-7 Cells ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Phylogeny ; Phytotherapy ; RNA, Satellite ; Rhizophoraceae ; microbiology ; Species Specificity

AIM: Dasyatis jenkinsii is used traditionally to treat inflammatory complaints and arthritis by the fisherman community and local population. The present study was designed to scientifically investigate the traditional practice through the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and organ toxicity studies and characterization of bioactive compounds of crude extracts of D. jenkinsii. METHOD: Solvent extract of homogenized fresh fish was prepared using petroleum ether and diethyl ether. The chemical and spectral analyses of extracts were carried out using FT-IR and GC-MS. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities were assessed by hot plate, tail clip, and carrageenan induced rat paw edema methods. The organ toxicity of each extract was assessed on brain, liver, and kidney of mice. RESULTS: The IR spectrum indicated the presence of aromatic and aliphatic compounds. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 1-(4-carboxy)phenylnona-2, 5-diene and 3-hydroxymono-glyceryl hydrogen phthalate in the petroleum ether extract and carboxyl serine, dihydrotryptophan, and indolyl carboxylic acid in the diethyl ether extract. Both extracts showed significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in all the methods tested. The vital organs of the test animals were not affected by the crude extracts significantly. CONCLUSIONS The presence of biologically active compounds in the crude extracts with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties justifies the traditional knowledge and paves the way for isolation of these compounds for further experimentation.
Analgesics ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Edema ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Pain ; drug therapy ; Rats ; Skates, Fish ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared