1.Review of patients with Strongyloides stercoralis infestation in a tertiary teaching hospital, Kelantan
Azira NMS ; Abdel Rahman Mz ; Zeehaida M
The Malaysian Journal of Pathology 2013;35(1):71-76
Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode infecting humans. The actual prevalence of
infestation with this parasite in our setting is not well established. Thus, this study was conducted
to determine the age, sex and co-morbid conditions among patients with S. stercoralis infestation as
well as to study the common manifestations of strongyloidiasis in our patients. Records of patients
with positive S. stercoralis larvae from January 2000 to December 2012 in Hospital Universiti Sains
Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan were reviewed. Ten patients were male and two were female.
Their ages ranged from 19 to 78 years old. The majority (92%) of cases, presented with intestinal
symptoms and 50% with moderate to severe anaemia. Thirty percent of cases had extraintestinal
manifestations such as cough, sepsis and pleural effusion. Ninety-two percent of the patients had
a comorbid illness. Most patients were immunocompromised, with underlying diabetes mellitus,
retroviral disease, lymphoma and steroid therapy contributing to about 58% of cases. Only 58%
were treated with anti-helminthic drugs. Strongyloidiasis is present in our local setting, though the
prevalence could be underestimated.
2.Caffeine and Total Polyphenol Contents of Market Tea Cultivated and Processed in Bangladesh
Rabiul Islam GM ; Gias Uddin M ; Mahfuzur Rahman M ; Yousuf A
Malaysian Journal of Nutrition 2013;19(1):143-147
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the contents of caffeine and
total polyphenol in six brands of market tea cultivated and processed in
Bangladesh. Methods: Caffeine and polyphenol contents were determined by
solvent extraction (AACC) and the International Organisation for Standardisation
Method (ISO) 14502-1 respectively. Results: Caffeine contents of the different
tea samples ranged between 0.99 ± 0.17% to 2.08 ± 0.16% (g/100g materials),
while that of total polyphenol was from 36.90 ± 1.39% to 17.29 ± 2.30% of gallic
acid equivalents (GAE). The order of caffeine concentration in tea samples was
found as follows: Organic Black Tea > Taaza Tea > Organic Green Tea > Magnolia
Tea > Organic Zinger Tea > Organic Tulsi Tea. The polyphenol concentration in
the tea samples was highest in Organic Green Tea followed by Taaza Tea and the
rest as follows: Magnolia Tea > Organic Black Tea > Organic Zinger Tea > Organic
Tulsi Tea. An indicative difference in amounts of caffeine and polyphenols for
different tea brand samples is seen in this study. Conclusion: This systematic
screening provides information to producers as well as consumers on the
quantities of caffeine and polyphenols in commercial tea available in the markets
of Bangladesh.
3.Effective connectivity between superior temporal gyrus and Heschl’s gyrus during white noise listening: linear versus non-linear models
Hamid KA ; Yusoff AN ; Rahman MZA ; Mohamad M ; Hamid AIA
Biomedical Imaging and Intervention Journal 2012;8(2):1-13
Purpose: This fMRI study is about modelling the effective connectivity between Heschl’s gyrus (HG) and the
superior temporal gyrus (STG) in human primary auditory cortices.
Materials & methods: Ten healthy male participants were required to listen to white noise stimuli during
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) was used to generate
individual and group brain activation maps. For input region determination, two intrinsic connectivity models
comprising bilateral HG and STG were constructed using dynamic causal modelling (DCM). The models were estimated
and inferred using DCM while Bayesian Model Selection (BMS) for group studies was used for model comparison and
selection. Based on the winning model, six linear and six non-linear causal models were derived and were again
estimated, inferred, and compared to obtain a model that best represents the effective connectivity between HG and the STG, balancing accuracy and complexity.
Results: Group results indicated significant asymmetrical activation (puncorr < 0.001) in bilateral HG and STG.
Model comparison results showed strong evidence of STG as the input centre. The winning model is preferred by 6 out
of 10 participants. The results were supported by BMS results for group studies with the expected posterior probability,r = 0.7830 and exceedance probability, φ = 0.9823. One-sample t-tests performed on connection values obtained from the winning model indicated that the valid connections for the winning model are the unidirectional parallel connections from STG to bilateral HG (p < 0.05). Subsequent model comparison between linear and non-linear models using BMS prefers non-linear connection (r = 0.9160, φ = 1.000) from which the connectivity between STG and the ipsi- and contralateral HG is gated by the activity in STG itself.
Conclusion: We are able to demonstrate that the effective connectivity between HG and STG while listening to
white noise for the respective participants can be explained by a non-linear dynamic causal model with the activity in STG influencing the STG-HG connectivity non-linearly.
4.Ancient schwannoma of the conus medullaris.
M N Saiful Azli ; I G Abd Rahman ; M S Md Salzihan
The Medical journal of Malaysia 2007;62(3):256-8
Cystic spinal or ancient schwannoma is a rare form of intradural tumour especially in the conus medullaris region. Due to its indolent behavior and benign course, the diagnosis of schwannoma is always a challenge and the imaging findings can be misleading. Our patient presented with chronic mild sciatica pain without any other neurological symptom. MRI of the spine showed intradural tumour located at the conus medullaris region with nerves compression and was reported as ependymoma. L3-L5 laminectomy and total excision of tumour was performed without any neurological complication. We concluded that ancient schwannoma of the conus medullaris is a rare benign tumour that can present with minimal non-specific neurological symptom that lead to misdiagnosis. Radical tumour excision is safe with an excellent outcome.
Conus medullaris
;
Neurilemmoma
;
symptoms <1>
;
Benign
;
Excision
5.Ameliorating effects of Raphanus sativus leaves on sodium arsenite-induced perturbation of blood indices in Swiss albino mice
Dilruba SAYADA ; Hasibuzzaman M. M. ; Rahman MASHIUR ; Mohanto Chandra NAYAN ; Aktar SHARMIN ; Rahman ATIQUR ; Hossain Imam MD ; Nikkon FARJANA
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017;7(10):915-920
Objective: To evaluate the ameliorating effects of Raphanus sativus leaves (RSL) against sodium arsenite(Sa)-induced adverse effects through mice experiments. Methods: Swiss albino mice were divided into four equal groups: control, Sa, RSL, RSL + Sa. Sa (10 mg/kg body weight/day), and powder form of RSL (50 mg/kg body weight/day) were provided as food supplement orallty. Blood indices were measured using commercially available kits through colorimetric methods. Results: It was observed that lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase,and aspartate aminotransferase activities were significantly(P<0.05) higher in Sa-treated mice than those in the control group.RSL significantly reduced Sa-induced elevation of the activities of these enzymes in serum significantly (P < 0.05). Serum butyrylcholinesterase activity and high density lipoproteins cholesterol levels in Sa-treated mice were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than the control group, and the food supplementation of RSL could significantly(P<0.05)prevent the reduction of Sa-mediated serum butyryl cholinesterase activity and high density lipoproteins cholesterol levels.RSL could also reduce the Sa-induced elevation of serum urea level significantly(P<0.05). Conclusions: Results of this study suggest the protective or ameliorating effects of RSL on Sa-induced perturbation of blood indices are related to the hepatic,cardiovascular and kidney dysfunction.Therefore,RSL may be useful to reduce arsenic toxicity in human in the future.
6.Improved dentin disinfection by combining different-geometry rotary nickel-titanium files in preparing root canals.
Marwa M BEDIER ; Ahmed Abdel Rahman HASHEM ; Yosra M HASSAN
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics 2018;43(4):e46-
OBJECTIVES: This study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of different instrumentation and irrigation techniques using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) after root canal inoculation with Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals of extracted mandibular molars were apically enlarged up to a size 25 hand K-file, then autoclaved and inoculated with E. faecalis. The samples were randomly divided into 4 main groups according to the system of instrumentation and irrigation: an XP-endo Shaper (XPS) combined with conventional irrigation (XPS/C) or an XP-endo Finisher (XPF) (XPS/XPF), and iRaCe combined with conventional irrigation (iRaCe/C) or combined with an XPF (iRaCe/XPF). A middle-third sample was taken from each group, and then the bacterial reduction was evaluated using CLSM at a depth of 50 µm inside the dentinal tubules. The ratio of red fluorescence (dead cells) to green-and-red fluorescence (live and dead cells) represented the percentage of bacterial reduction. The data were then statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test for comparisons across the groups and the Dunn test was used for pairwise comparisons. RESULTS: The instrumentation and irrigation techniques had a significant effect on bacterial reduction (p < 0.05). The iRaCe/XPF group showed the strongest effect, followed by the XPS/XPF and XPS/C group, while the iRaCe/C group had the weakest effect. CONCLUSIONS: Combining iRaCe with XPF improved its bacterial reduction effect, while combining XPS with XPF did not yield a significant improvement in its ability to reduce bacteria at a depth of 50 µm in the dentinal tubules.
Bacteria
;
Dental Pulp Cavity*
;
Dentin*
;
Disinfection*
;
Enterococcus faecalis
;
Fluorescence
;
Hand
;
Microscopy, Confocal
;
Molar
7.Biological Control of Alternaria Fruit Rot of Chili by Trichoderma Species under Field Conditions.
Most Ferdousi BEGUM ; M A RAHMAN ; M Firoz ALAM
Mycobiology 2010;38(2):113-117
Trichoderma strains were evaluated under field conditions to assay their efficacy in suppressing Alternaria fruit rot disease and promoting chili plant growth. The experiment was conducted at the Botanical Garden, Rajshahi University, Bangladesh from July 2006 to March 2007. Application of Trichoderma harzianum IMI 392432 significantly (p = 0.05) suppressed the disease compared to Alternaria tenuis (T2) treatment and improved both growth and yield. The treatment T4 (T. harzianum IMI-392432 + A. tenuis) was most effective in reducing disease percentage (72.27%) compared to A. tenuis (T1) treatment. The highest seed germination rate (85.56%) and the highest growth and yield (12.5 g/plant) was also recorded in the same treatment (T4), followed by T5 (T. harzianum IMI-392433 000000 + A. tenuis), T6 (T. harzianum IMI-392434 +A. tenuis), T2 (T. virens IMI-392430 + A. tenuis), and T3 (T. pseudokoningii IMI-392431 +A. tenuis) treatment, while single treatment with A. tenuis significantly decreased these values.
Alternaria
;
Bangladesh
;
Fruit
;
Germination
;
Plants
;
Seeds
;
Trichoderma
8.Unprotected Left Main Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in a 108-Year-Old Patient.
Afzalur RAHMAN ; A K M Monwarul ISLAM
Korean Circulation Journal 2014;44(2):113-117
With the increase in life expectancy, the proportion of very elderly people is increasing. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in this age group, for which myocardial revascularization is often indicated. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the very elderly bears the inherent risks of complications and mortality, but the potential benefits may outweigh these risks. A number of observational studies, registries, and few randomized controlled trials have shown the safety and feasibility of PCI in octogenarians and nonagenarians. However, PCI is only rarely done in centenarians; so, the outcome of percutaneous coronary revascularization in this age group is largely unknown. PCI in a centenarian with complex CAD is described here; the patient presented with unstable angina despite optimum medical therapy, and surgery was declined. Good angiographic success was followed by non-cardiac complications, which were managed with a multidisciplinary approach.
Aged
;
Aged, 80 and over
;
Angina, Unstable
;
Coronary Artery Disease
;
Humans
;
Life Expectancy
;
Mortality
;
Myocardial Revascularization
;
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention*
;
Registries
9.Prevention of neurotoxicity by high-dose folinic acid rescue after high-dose methotrexate and intrathecal methotrexate without compromising cure inspite of previous transient leukoencephalopathy after intrathecal methotrexate.
Alias HAMIDAH ; Raja Juanita Raja LOPE ; Zarina Abdul LATIFF ; Zulfiqar M ANUAR ; Rahman JAMAL
Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 2009;38(8):743-744
Child
;
Folic Acid
;
administration & dosage
;
therapeutic use
;
Folic Acid Antagonists
;
adverse effects
;
Hematinics
;
administration & dosage
;
therapeutic use
;
Humans
;
Hypesthesia
;
chemically induced
;
drug therapy
;
Injections, Spinal
;
Leukoencephalopathies
;
chemically induced
;
Male
;
Methotrexate
;
adverse effects
;
Quadriplegia
;
chemically induced
;
drug therapy
;
Time Factors
;
Vitamin B Complex
;
administration & dosage
;
therapeutic use
10.Identification and prevention of microbial contaminants of potato culture in temporary immersion bioreactor (TIB) system
Md. Zamilur Rahman ; S. M. Shahinul Islam ; A. N. Chowdhury ; Sreeramanan Subramaniam
Malaysian Journal of Microbiology 2017;13(4):289-297
Aims: Temporary Immersion Bioreactor (TIB) system is an advanced technology for commercial mass production of
potato microtubers. Despite of several advantages, this system possess a great risk of culture loss at any stage of
micropropagation due to microbial contamination. The aims of this study were to identify microbial contaminants isolated
during potato shoot growth in the TIB system, evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial agents to prevent them, to
investigate the effect of those agents in vitro on growth and morphology of potato plantlets.
Methodology and results: Six bacteria namely Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Corynebacterium, Proteus,
Bacillus and five fungi Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor, Fusarium and Rhizopus were isolated from the TIB system. We
examined the effect of three antibacterial (Gentamycin, Vancomycin and Tetracycline) and four antifungal agents
(Mencozeb, Propiconazole, Bavistin and Copper oxychloride) on the contaminants and on potato shoot growth. Results
show that Gentamycin (50 mg/L) and Propiconazole (0.15%) were most effective against the isolated bacteria (35 mm
inhibition zone) and fungi (100%) respectively, whereas Gentamycin in combination with Bavistin showed better
performance on potato shoot and root development.
Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Present study will provide useful guidelines to reduce or eliminate the
risk of contamination during micropropagation.