Objective To investigate the role of preoperative peripheral blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR),platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR),prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in the prognosis of patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after radical operation.Methods This is a retrospective study,involving 426 surgically resected hepatitis B related hepatocellular carcinoma cases in a single center from 2003 to 2012.Results Kaplan-Meier analysis showed patients in NLR ≤ 1.62 group achieve higher rate of recurrence-free and overall survival than that in the NLR ＞ 1.62 group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.005);Also PNI ＞ 49.42 group showed higher rate of overall survival significantly than PNI≤49.42 group (P ＜ 0.005).The results of Cox regression multivariate analysis further suggested that both NLR ＞ 1.62 (HR 1.74,P =0.007) and PNI ≤49.42 (HR 0.70,P =0.021) were independent risk factors for overall survival,NLR ＞ 1.62 (HR 1.45,P =0.03) was also an independent risk factor for recurrence-free survival.Conclusion The preoperative NLR and PNI may be independent risk factors for prognosis of patients with HBV-related HCC after radical operation.

Aim To investigate the effects of midazolam on porcine isolated coronary artery rings pre-contracted by potassium chloride(KCl)and the possible mechanism.Methods The vessel tension recorder system was used.Isotonic tension of porcine isolated coronary artery rings precontracted by KCl(30 mmol·L-1)was recorded.The vasorelaxing action of midazolam and effects of various drugs were observed in the rings.Results Midazolam(3×10-6～1×10-4 mol·L-1)respectively concentration-dependently reduced the contraction induced by KCl,and there was significant difference between the rings with intact and denude endothelium(P<0.05).On KCl-induced precontraction,midazolam′s relaxation was depressed by L-NAME and the blend of L-NAME and L-Arg(P<0.05),but was not affected by Indo,L-Arg and 1400W.The contraction was not prevented by pretreatment with the inhibitor of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger(KB-R7943).The inhibitor of KATP(Gli)restrained the diastolic function of midazolam(P<0.05),while the inhibitor of BKCa(TEA),Kir(BaCl2),KV(4-AP)had no obvious effect.Conclusions Midazolam produces remarkable vasodilatation on KCl pre-contracted porcine isolated coronary artery rings.Its relaxtion effect is via concentration-dependent and endothelium-dependent mechanisms and relevant to the production of NO.Na+/Ca2+ exchanger is not involved midazolam′s vasodilatation on KCl pre-contracted porcine coronary artery rings.The relaxant mechanism of midazolam may be concerned with KATP.The Kir,BKCa and KV may be not involved.

Objective To compare the contents and features of licensed pharmacist qualification examination papers between those in abroad and domestic in order to provide the informations for the reforming the examination in our country.Method The characteristics of licensed pharmacist qualification examination among USA、UK、Australia and China were analysed and compared with classified statistic by using excel software.Results The scene questions are the main type in the three examination papers(＞50％).There were fewer questions examining the memory ability of examinees in abroad examinations,than that of ours.There were one question just had objects of pharmaceutical care (0.18％) in our examination.In the inspection of pharmaceutical knowledge application ability for the practice test(＞60％),covering all aspects of pharmaceutical care; And Chinese licensed pharmacists exam basic no object and pharmaceutical care link information feedback(＞60％),and the others are theoretical knowledge(＞20％).And in the three abroad examinations other common questions were about clinical drug therapy (＞90％),while they were the knowledge of pharmaceutical analysis and pharmaceutics in domestic examination papers (41.97％).Conclusion Licensed pharmacist qualification examination in our country ignored the ability of employing pharmaceutical knowledge and developing pharmaceutical care.The reformation of the licensed pharmacist qualification examination in our country is extremely urgent.

Synchronous multifocal osteosarcoma (SMOS) was analyzed for its predisposing age, sex, location, oncology characteristics, and survival time with different treatment. The key words about "multifocal osteosarcoma" had been used to search articles which includ Synchronous multifocal osteosarcoma patients databases from 1949 to 2020. The articles have been filtratedby title, abstract and full text. There were 80 articles used for thisstudy. All the patients were objects of thisstudy. Butthe same patients' data in different articles had not been used repeatedly. The patients' data had been collected as much aspossible, including age, location, treatment, survival timeand so on. All the patients' data had been used forsystematic analysis. All of the 80 articles and 264 patients had been studied. The mean onset age was 16.17 years old and the peak age of onset was 10-20 years old. The gender difference had been uncovered and the sex ratio was 1.76∶1. The incidence site of 188 patients (92.16%) was located in the extremities. Alkaline phosphatase was elevated in 135 patients (95.10%). The pathological type was osteoblastic osteosarcoma in 134 patients (76.14%). There were 3 patients with hypocalcemia and 2 patients with anemia. The mean survival time of 15 patients (15/58) who gave up treatment was 4.51 months. The mean survival time of 23 patients with chemotherapy was 8.97 months. The mean survival time was 16.17 months in 11 patients with preoperative chemotherapy and surgical treatment. Nine patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery and postoperative chemotherapy had an average survival time of 23.28 months. Multiple osteosarcoma of the same type was rare, with high degree of malignancy and poor prognosis. The age of high incidence was 10-20 years old. Currently, the most effective treatment was neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery and postoperative chemotherapy.

Objective: To estimate the immune memory at 12 years after hepatitis B vaccination and its risk factors among adults. Methods: The study was conducted in 20 villages of Qudi town in Jiyang county, Shandong province, China in 2003. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody against HBsAg (anti-HBs) and antibody against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) were tested for all healthy residents aged 15-40 years in these villages. Those who had no history of hepatitis B vaccination and were negative for all three indicators were divided into two groups randomly. Hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) was administrated to them on 0-6 month schedule or 0-1-6 month schedule respectively. Blood samples were obtained at one month after the last dose for each receipt and were quantitatively detected for anti-HBs. Finally a total of 629 participants completed HepB vaccination and anti-HBs testing, including 288 of two-dose group and 341 of three-dose group respectively. In 2015, an additional dose of HepB (challenge dose) was administrated to those who were negative for anti-HBs at follow-up (anti-HBs <10 mIU/ml) to evaluate the immune memory. A total of 93 blood samples, including 50 of two-dose group and 43 of three-dose group respectively, were drawn at 14 days after the challenge dose and anti-HBs was quantitatively detected. The anti-HBs geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) after the challenge dose were compared between the two groups. Multivariate linear regression model was built to find the independent risk factors associated with immune memory response (anti-HBs GMC after the challenge dose). Results: The challenge dose of HepB and post-challenge anti-HBs detection were completed among 93 participants. Totally 92 (98.92%, 92/93) participants were found holding immune memory (anti-HBs after the challenge dose was ≥10 mIU/ml). The immune memory positive rates were 100% (50/50) and 97.67% (42/43) in the two-dose group and three-dose group respectively and the corresponding anti-HBs GMC after challenge dose were 2 684.30 (95%CI: 1 721.71-4 185.08) mIU/ml and 3 527.48 (95%CI: 2 145.15-5 800.58) mIU/ml (P=0.410). The anti-HBs GMC after the challenge dose were 1 908.33 (95%CI: 1 190.01-3 060.27) mIU/ml, 4 004.20 (95%CI: 2 257.90-7 101.12) mIU/ml and 8 682.16 (95%CI: 5 813.94-12 965.36) mIU/ml among the participants whose anti-HBs titer was<4, 4-6 and 7-9 mIU/ml at follow-up, respectively (P=0.002). There was no correlation between immune schedule and anti-HBs GMC after the challenge dose; β (95%CI) was -0.07 (-0.34-0.20), P=0.601. Conclusion The immune memory after primary hepatitis B vaccination lasted for at least 12 years among adults. The immune memory response was independently associated with ant-HBs titer at follow-up, but might be similar between 0-6 month schedule and 0-1-6 month schedule.

Objective To evaluate the predictive values of albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) and easy albumin-bilirubin (EZ-ALBI) scores for early survival (postoperative 3 months) of recipients with liver failure after liver transplantation. Methods Clinical data of 137 recipients diagnosed with liver failure and underwent liver transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. The optimal cut-off values of preoperative ALBI, EZ-ALBI and MELD scores to predict early survival of recipients with liver failure after liver transplantation were determined by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The risk factors of early death of recipients with liver failure after liver transplantation were identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The effects of different ALBI and EZ-ALBI levels upon early prognosis of recipients with liver failure after liver transplantation were analyzed. Results The optimal cut-off values of ALBI, EZ-ALBI and MELD scores were 0.21, -19.83 and 24.36, and the AUC was 0.706, 0.697 and 0.686, respectively. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that preoperative alanine aminotransferase(ALT)≥50 U/L, aspartate aminotransferase(AST)≥60 U/L, ALBI score≥0.21 and EZ-ALBI score≥-19.83 were the risk factors for early postoperative death of recipients with liver failure after liver transplantation (all P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that preoperative ALBI score≥0.21 was an independent risk factor for early postoperative death of recipients with liver failure after liver transplantation (P < 0.05). According to the optimal cut-off value of ALBI score, the early survival rates in the ALBI < 0.21 (n=46) and ALBI≥0.21(n=91) groups were 93.5% and 64.8%, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). According to the optimal cut-off value of EZ-ALBI score, the early survival rates in the EZ-ALBI < -19.83(n=60) and EZ-ALBI≥-19.83(n=77) groups were 88.3% and 63.6%, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions Preoperative ALBI score is of high predictive value for early survival of recipients with liver failure after liver transplantation, which could be utilized as a reference parameter for selecting liver transplant recipients.

Objective:To explore the predictive value of platelet-albumin-bilirubin(PALBI)score for tumor recurrence after liver transplantation(LT)in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods:Clinical data were retrospectively reviewed for 102 HCC patients undergoing LT from January 2010 to December 2020.The predictive value of PALBI score for tumor recurrence after LT and the risk factors for tumor recurrence after LT were examined by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve, Kaplan-Meier method and univariate/multivariate Cox regression.Results:The optimal cutoff value of preoperative PALBI score for predicting recurrence was -3.82 with ROC curve, Youden's index 0.317 and area under the ROC curve 0.679.Survival analysis was performed using a PALBI cutoff value of -3.82 as boundary group.The results showed that significant differences existed in 1/3/5-year tumor recurrence rates(17.9% vs.50.0%, 26.9% vs.62.5%, 29.5% vs.62.5%)after low PALBI and high PALBI( P<0.05 for all). Univariate analysis indicated that preoperative tumor maximal diameter, tumor number, Milan criteria, alpha fetoprotein(AFP)level, microvascular invasion, portal venous tumor thrombus, and PALBI score were significantly associated with postoperative tumor recurrence( P<0.05 for all). And multivariate analysis revealed that Milan criteria, AFP level and PALBI score were independent risk factors for postoperative tumor recurrence( P<0.05). Conclusions:Preoperative PALBI score offers some predictive value for postoperative tumor recurrence in HCC patients post-LT.When preoperative PALBI score ≥-3.82 in HCC patients, postoperative tumor recurrence rate is relatively high.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of endovascular treatment of distal middle cerebral artery aneurysms. Methods From January 2009 to December 2016,the medical records of 13 consecutive patients with distal middle cerebral artery aneurysm (a total of 14 aneurysms)were reviewed and enrolled. Endovascular treatment included coils,coils with liquid embolic materials,or using liquid embolic material alone for embolization of aneurysms or occlusion of parent arteries. The immediate outcome of aneurysm treatment was evaluated by Raymond classification,and the clinical prognosis was evaluated by the modified Rankin scale (mRS). DSA was use to conduct imaging follow-up study and was compared with the immediate treatment outcome in order to determine whether the aneurysms recurred or not. Results Of the 13 patients,8 were males,with an average age of 40 ±14 years. The maximum diameter of aneurysm was 1. 0 -12. 0 mm,the median size was 4. 5 mm. Fourteen aneurysms were successfully treated by endovascular treatment,4 of them were embolized,and the parent aneurysms were retained;10 aneurysms and parent arteries were occluded. Twelve aneurysms did not develop immediately after operation,and 2 of them had residual aneurysms. No new nerve dysfunction and related complications were found after endovascular treatment. The clinical follow-up period was 9 -96 months,and the median time was 30. 9 months. Twelve aneurysms were followed up for 6 -24 months with a median time of 15. 2 months. No recurrence of aneurysms were observed. Conclusions Using endovascular treatment technology for the treatment of distal middle cerebral artery aneurysms is safe and effective. It can be considered in the development of treatment programs.

Objective To investigate the level of health literacy of residents in Jing′an District of Shanghai, providing basis for the intervention programs of health literacy. Methods By using Probability Proportionate to Size Sampling method, 1 760 residents aged 15-69 were surveyed through face-to-face interviews. Results The overall level of adjusted health literacy of Jing′an District was 31.89%.The health literacy level of basic health concepts and knowledge, health lifestyle and behaviors, and health related skills were 46.30%, 27.02%, 43.44%, respectively.The 6 health issues regarding awareness of health literacy from high to low were safety and first aid (65.49%), scientific attitude towards health(60.75%), health information literacy(56.86%), chronic diseases prevention (34.22%), basic medical care(31.10%), and infectious diseases prevention (24.28%).People of 65-69 years old had the lowest health literacy level (χ²=22.03, P < 0.05).Those with collage degree or above had higher health literacy level (χ²=43.54, P < 0.05).In terms of occupation, civil servant had higher health literacy level(χ²=22.78, P < 0.05). Conclusion The level of health literacy in Jing′an District is on a steady rise, however, intensive intervention is needed for residents with lower health literacy.

OBJECTIVE: To carry out variant analysis for a Chinese boy featuring dyshormonogenesis due to congenital hypothyroidism. METHODS: DNA of the patient and his parents was extracted and sequenced by high-throughput sequencing. The results were validated with Sanger sequencing and analyzed with Bioinformatics software. RESULTS: Sequencing result showed that the patient has carried compound variants of c.2654G>T(p.Arg885Leu) and c.943G>T(p.Gly315X) of the DUOX2 gene, which were inherited respectively from his mother and father. CONCLUSION The missense mutation c.2654G>T and nonsense mutation c.943G>T probably underlie the disease in this child.
Child ; Congenital Hypothyroidism ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Dual Oxidases ; genetics ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation, Missense