Objective Toinvestigatetheclinicalfeaturesofrecurrentbiliarypancreatitisandrelatedpredisposingfactors.Methods Ato-tal of 272 patients with biliary pancreatitis who were admitted and treated in Jiangbei District People′s Hospital from January 2008 to Decem-ber 2014 were enrolled and divided into recurrence group (56 patients with recurrent biliary pancreatitis)and primary group (216 patients with primary biliary pancreatitis).Clinical features and predisposing factors were compared between the two groups.Comparison of continu-ousdatabetweenthetwogroupswasmadebyttestandcomparisonofcategoricaldatewasmadebychi-squaretest.Results Therewere no significant differences in age and mortality between the two groups (both P>0.05 ).Compared with the primary group,the recurrence group had a significantly higher proportion of males,a significantly increased APACHE-Ⅱscore,significantly increased incidence rates of moderate-to-severe pancreatitis and common bile duct stones,significantly higher rates of stenosis of the common bile duct orifice and hy-perlipidemia,and a significantly higher rate of surgical treatment (all P<0.05).In the recurrence group,the type of pancreatitis differed significantly between patients with 2 times of recurrence and those with >2 times of recurrence (recurrence for more than 2 times)(P=0.040).Compared with the primary group,the recurrence group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with known predisposing factors (80.36%vs 58.33%,P=0.002),as well as significantly higher rates of high-fat diet and drinking (both P<0.05).However, the rates of biliary tract infection and oral administration of drugs showed no significant differences between the two groups (both P>0.05). Conclusion Recurrentbiliarypancreatitisiscommonandsevereinmales,andisoftencomplicatedbycommonbileductstones,stenosisof the common bile duct orifice,and hyperlipidemia,with a high rate of surgical treatment.High-fat diet and drinking are important predispo-sing factors for recurrent biliary pancreatitis.

Post-hepatitis cirrhosis (PHC),which results from either hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection,and its associated with hemodynamic changes may cause the spleen to become functionally hyperactive-a condition known as hypersplenism.Hypersplenism is associated with anemia,leukopenia,thrombocytopenia and splenomegaly.There are several effective methods to treat hypersplenism with the development of medical technology and the main purpose is the remission of hypersplenism,reducing the portal hypertension and decreasing the risk of hemorrhage.However,complete splenectomy or partial treatment of the hyperactive spleen is still controversial all over the world.This may be caused by the lack of the knowledge on the pathophysiological characteristics and clinical significance of treating hypersplenism.This review is a comprehensive discussion on the recent research which investigates hypersplenism caused by PHC.

mTOR signaling pathway is closely related to cell proliferation,cell cycle and other pathological processes about tumor.Rapamycin plays an anti-tumor effect through inhibiting mTOR,but it prone to drug resistance,which leads to limited clinical application.Its resistant mechanism is related with the activation of PI3K-Akt,which is regulated with negative feedback.Dual inhibitors of related proteins of mTOR pathway are expected to reverse the drug resistance.

Aim To investigate the immunoregulative action of polysacchrides of Spirulina platensis ( PSP ) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMCs) in pa-tients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Meth-ods Proliferation and cycle of PBMCs from patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection were measured by MTT colorimetry and flow cytometry respectively. The concentration of IFN-γ, IL-2 , IL-4 in supernatants of PBMCs were examined by ELISA. The mRNA ex-pression of IFN-γin PBMCs from patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection was detected by RT-PCR. Results PSP could induce proliferation of PBMCs in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. In ad-dition, PSP could increase the protein expression of IFN-γ and IL-2 in supernatants of PBMCs in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection, and PSP could also enhance the mRNA expression of IFN-γof PBMCs in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. However, PSP inhibited the protein expression of IL-4 of PBMCs in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus in-fection. Conclusion PSP can promote the immune function and plays an important immunoregulation function on patients with chronic hepatitis B virus in-fection.

The risk factors of diastolic heart failure include among others: hypertension,diabetes,myocardial ischemia and aging.The underlying mechanisms for this cardiac complication are incompletely understood.With the increase of aging of the population,the prevalence and mortality of diastolic heart failure is rising gradually.It seriously affects the life quality and life span of people.In order to more truly reveal the underlying mechanisms of diastolic heart failure and to develope novel therapeutic strategies,the experimental animal models are extremely important.The present review focuses on providing an overview of the characteristics of these models for the growing number of investigators who seek to understand the pathology of diastolic heart failure.

Objective To investigate the role and action mechanism of chemokine (C-X-C motif)receptor 3 (CXCR3)in hepatic ische-mia-reperfusion injury (IRI).Methods Forty-eight mice were divided into operation group and sham-operation group.The operation group was treated to establish a mouse model of IRI.Liver tissues were obtained at 3,6,12,and 24 h after IRI,with 6 mice at each time point.The expression of chemokine (C-X-C motif)ligand 9-1 1 (CXCL9-1 1 )and their receptor CXCR3 were measured by real-time PCR and Western blot.The effect of CXCR3 was blocked by its specific antagonist C6.Hepatic injury was estimated based on the activity of hepatic transaminase and morphological indices.The distribution of subsets of infiltrating T cells was analyzed by flow cytometry.All data were expressed as mean ±standard deviation.Comparison between groups was made by one-way analysis of variance.Results Compared with the sham-operation group,the operation group had significantly upregulated expression of CXCL9-1 1 and CXCR3 at all time points after IRI (P<0.05).Blocking CXCR3 significantly protected liver function and morphology (P<0.05).Antagonist C6 significantly re-duced Th1 cell infiltration (P<0.01),but significantly increased Treg infiltration (P<0.01).Conclusion CXCR3 is an ideal therapeu-tic target in IRI treatment due to its relationship with immunoregulation.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of multiple quantitative fluorescence PCR ( QF-PCR) as a rapid technique for prenatal diagnosis of common chromosome aneuploidies , in order to optimize the prenatal diagnosis and shorten the period of diagnosis.Methods Totally 731 amniotic fluid samples of pregnant subjects ,who were referred to the Women′s Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University during August 2013 and September 2015, were analyzed with conventional karyotype and the QF-PCR technique by short tandem repeat(STR) markers to detect chromosomes 13,18,21,X and Y aneuploidies.There were 558 samples detected by single blind method , 173 samples detected by double blind method.Results All of the 731 amniotic fluid samples were tested in this study by QF-PCR and the results were compared to the conventional cytogenetic analysis results of the same sample.Totally 558 samples with single blind method detected 5 trisomy 21, 2 trisomy 18, 1 trisomy 13, 1(45,X), 1(47,XXY), 1(47,XYY), 1(47,XXX) and 1(69,XXX), 173 samples with double blind method detected 1 trisomy 21 and 1 trisomy 18.The rapid QF-PCR assay was successful to detect all aneuploidies involving chromosomes 21, 18, 13, X and Y in prenatal diagnosis , which were verified by chromosome karyotype analysis.The results of QF-PCR method were compared with the results of chromosome karyotype analysis , the positive rate was 15/16, the negative rate was 100%(715/715).Non chimeric chromosome abnormality detection rate was 15/15.Conclusions The multiple QF-PCR was a reliable method of detecting common chromosome aneuploidies for rapid prenatal diagnosis.As an important supplement of karyotype analysis , it was of great significance to optimize and improve the prenatal diagnosis system , and might provide more appropriate diagnostic methods for pregnant women.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the rational and scientific drug purchase quantity planned by hospital pharmacy. METH-ODS:The deficiency in present drug purchase module of hospital information system(HIS)was analyzed;the formula of planned purchase quantity was improved by incremental coefficient method,ABC analysis method and VEN analysis method. The high and low stored values and packaging volume were set to adjust planned drug purchase quantity. Based on the computer program,a one-key-getting procedure was quasi established,and five typical drugs were selected for simulation. RESULTS:Based on previous formula,the parameters representing change trend,incremental coefficient k1 and inventory coefficient k2 were added in new formu-la. The one-key-getting procedure could calculate the quantity of all drugs by simply entering the planning cycle N1 and the safe peri-od N2 of the some category drugs into the system. After simulated operation practice,compared with pre-improvement,the occupa-tion of funds was significantly decreased and the quantity of drug was rounded off according to package in post-improvement. CON-CLUSIONS:Through function improvement of drug purchase module in HIS and the quasi establishment of one-key-getting pur-chase mode,planned drug purchase quantity is more reasonable,scientific and accurate. It ensures the clinical drug supply in time without causing a backlog,and effectively reduces the cost of manpower,material and capital.

The incidence and its growth rate of hypertension are both very high. Its pathology and pathogenesis are complex and unclear,and it does serious harm to human health. Hypertension remains incurable. Chemical medicine has good effect on hypertension,but life-long application and multi-drug combination are required,with significant adverse reactions. Also,complications can′t be effectively alleviated. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)guided by traditional theories,can lower blood pressure,improve metabolic abnormalities and reduce complications. Its advantages or potentials have not been fully exploited and clinical application is inadequate. Metabolic hypertension has become the main form of hypertension,and its formation mechanism is mainly related to metabolic abnormalities and insulin resistance,metabolic inflammation and other pathology and pathogenesis. A better understanding of the current status of antihypertensive pharmacology of TCM,especially devel?opment and application of metabolic hypertension models is of great significance for TCM treatment of hypertension,and for exploration of new approaches to hypertension.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for reasonable iron supplement during pregnancy. METHODS:5023 iron sup-plement prescriptions for 800 delivery women receiving antenatal care and childbearing in our hospital in 2014 were analyzed retro-spectively. According to international authoritative guideline for gestational iron supplement,the rationality of iron supplement for pregnant women in our hospital was investigated in terms of timing,duration and dosage. RESULTS:The iron supplement timing and duration of 800 pregnant women all met the criteria;among 5023 iron supplement prescriptions,62 prescriptions of preventive iron supplement and 3875 prescriptions of iron supplement for iron deficiency were up to the standard. CONCLUSIONS:The dos-age of gestational iron supplement are unreasonable in our hospital at a certain extent. It is necessary to strengthen clinical medica-tion management to guarantee safe and rational iron supplement in pregnant women.