Castlemen disease is a lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology, was first described as a distinct entity by Castlemen et al in 1956. The disease has two clinical (localized and multicentric) and two histopathological forms (hyalinevascular and plasma cell). This disease is usually, clinically misunderstood as lymphoma, carcinoma metastatic-lymph nodes, or tuberculosis. We, therefore, represent clinicopathological findings of 11 cases of Castlemen disease seen in Hanoi K Hospital. Results: Most patients are women (F:M=4.5:1), age ranges from 15-52 year old with average is 33. The affected nodes are often enlarged (3cm in 63.6%). Localized form is prominent with proportion of 63.6%. The treatment is still problematic, but complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice for localized form and is generally curative.
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; diagnosis

Lymphoproliferative disorders of the lung consist of a spectrum of several entities from malignant lymphoma to variable non-lymphomatous lymphoproliferative disorders. While an entity may be histologically benign and can be cured without treatment or by surgical removal, malignancy may evolve, and aggressive treatment may thus be required. Radiographic and pathologic findings of an entity may overlap, but differential diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorders of the lung is nonetheless important. In this paper we illustrate a variety of lymphoproliferative diseases of the lung that have been pathologically proven during the last ten years, and discuss their radiographic and pathologic characteristics.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Lung* ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders*

Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; diagnosis ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis

Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Humans ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; diagnosis ; genetics

Castleman's disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder that can involve single or multiple lymph nodes in the body. Especially, the localized form of CD is known to be well-controlled by using a surgical resection. On occasion, the surgeon may confront an abdominal and retroperitoneal mass of unknown origin. Thus, we present this case in which we treated a 16-year-old female patient for CD and investigated how to evaluate and manage the situation from the standpoint of CD. Also, we give a review of the pathology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and treatment of CD.
Abdomen* ; Adolescent ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; Pathology, Clinical

Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is an uncommon chronic B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by cytopenia, splenomegaly and mononuclear cells displaying cytoplasmic projections. Diagnosis is based on the distinctive hairy cell morphology and immunological profile. In the last 10 to 15 years the prognosis of patients with HCL has improved considerably following the use of purine analogues such as deoxycoformycin and 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA). We report 3 patients with HCL who were treated with 2-CdA at a daily dosage of 0.1mg/kg by continuous intravenous infusion for 7 days. After 1 or 2 courses of treatment, all patients achieved complete remission and are still alive in disease-free status.
B-Lymphocytes ; Cladribine* ; Cytoplasm ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Leukemia, Hairy Cell* ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; Pentostatin ; Prognosis ; Splenomegaly

In the investigation of superficial lymphadenopathy of unknown cause, fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology plays an invaluable role. It enables the differentiation of benign lymphadenopathy from lymphoid and non-lymphoid malignancies, obviating the need for open biopsy, and allowing the triage of patients. Cytopathologists should be familiar with the typical FNA patterns of benign lymphadenopathy, and recognize and differentiate among categories. In a minority of cases of benign lymphadenopathy, FNA can render a specific diagnosis. Benign lymphadenopathies are generally categorized into reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH), inflammatory or infectious processes, and benign lymphoproliferative disorders. RLH characteristically presents with a heterogeneous and polymorphous smear composed of normal cellular constituents of lymph nodes, in contrast with the homogeneous or monomorphic smear of most lymphomas. The caveat is that various malignant disorders may also present with polymorphous populations. It is also important to recognize thatbenign lymphoid smears may sometimes contain atypical cells that raise the suspicion of malignancy. Clinical information should always be the integral part of the diagnostic criteria in FNA of lymphadenopathy. If there is any doubt about the benign nature of the smear, it is prudent to suggest biopsy and ancillary studies.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Diseases* ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; Pseudolymphoma ; Triage

Mycosis fungoides(MF) is a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma of low-grade malignancy characterized by the proliferation of small to medium-sized cerebriform lymphoid cells confined to the skin. It usually shows favorable prognosis, but morphologic transformation occurs in some cases and is often associated with a more aggressive clinical course. Herein we report a case of Ki-1 positive large cell lyrnphoma (Ki-1 LCL) which developed in the plaque stage of mycosis fungoides. Although the lesions responded well to low-dose methotrexate therapy and there was no evidence of local or systemic recurrence until now, continuous follow-up is needed because the prognosis of transformed MF is known to be poor compared with primary cutaneous Ki-1 LCL. We also discussed the differential diagnosis of primary cutaneous Ki-1 positive lymphoproliferative disorders.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; Methotrexate ; Mycosis Fungoides* ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Skin

Post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder is a serious complication after renal transplantation. Although the precise etiology is unknown, the Ebstein-Bar virus and immunosuppressive agents appear to be risk factors. The presentation of PTLD is diverse. Many patients develop symptoms in head and neck, which make diagnosis difficult. We experienced 3 cases of PTLD successively one or three months apart during year 2002. Before 2002, PTLD was very rare in our center. The incidence of PTLD in renal transplants in our center is 0.7% (5 out of 752), which is similar to that of other reports. But the incidence is very high during year 2002. This seems to be intensified immunosuppression recently adopted. EBV monitoring is necessary for early detection of PTLD in renal transplants.
Diagnosis ; Head ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Immunosuppression ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Incidence ; Kidney Transplantation ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders* ; Neck ; Risk Factors

Castleman's disease is a rare benign lymphoproliferative disorder that frequently affects lymph nodes of the mediastinal thorax and the neck. It very rarely affects the renal sinus. We report a case of Castleman's disease arising in the renal sinus in a 64-year-old man. The patient visited the hospital with the chief complaint of hematuria. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a homogeneous mass in the sinus of the left kidney, radiologically interpreted as a malignant urothelial tumor. Subsequently, nephroureterectomy was performed, after which microscopic examination of the specimen revealed a diffuse lymphoproliferative lesion with reactive lymphoid follicles of various sizes and prominent plasma cell infiltration of interfollicular spaces, highlighted by immunohistochemical staining for CD138. The lesion was diagnosed as Castleman's disease of the plasma cell type. Although preoperative diagnosis of Castleman's disease is difficult and the incidence is exceedingly rare, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of renal sinus tumors.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Plasma Cells ; Thorax