Bromodeoxyuridine, an analogue of thymidine, can be detected by means of monoclonal antibodies and utilized as a marker of the S-phase of the cell cycle. In vitro immunohistochemical application of the BrdU/anti-BrdU-MAb method permits a quantitative assessment of the proliferative activity of a tissue as well as the direct location of the actively replicating cells in histological sections. In this paper, a method for the detection of the labeling index of S-phase cells in normal and neoplastic tissues with in vitro BrdU labeling and standard immunohistochemical techniques using anti-BrdU-MAb and avidin-biotin peroxidase complex is described. We have employed this method in 47 human solid tumor samples, including squamous cell carcinomas of head and neck and cervix uteri, adenocarcinomas and malignant lymphomas, and also evaluated the possible application of the BrdU labeling index to estimate the cycling S-phase cells in neoplastic cell populations. In our data, the in vitro labeling index varied greatly in an individual case (3.56-29.2%) and from an area to an area within the same case. Squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck showed higher LI than those of the cervix uteri. A case of metastatic carcinoma to the lung from ductal carcinoma of the breast had the highest LI (29.2%), in contrast to the low LI (3.6%) in the primary ductal carcinoma of breast.
Adenocarcinoma/immunology/pathology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology ; Breast Neoplasms/immunology/pathology ; Bromodeoxyuridine/*immunology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology/pathology ; Cell Nucleus/immunology/*physiology ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/immunology/pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; *Interphase ; Lymphoma/immunology/pathology ; Neoplasms/immunology/*pathology

Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; immunology ; pathology ; Nose Neoplasms ; immunology ; pathology

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune ; complications ; immunology ; pathology ; Antibodies ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; etiology ; immunology ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged

We describe two cases of multiple lymphomatous polyposis in the gastrointestinal tract from the esophagus to the rectum. Clinical findings, histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings in paraffin embedded tissue are discussed. It is important to recognize this rare form of gastrointestinal lymphoma because of the prognostic and therapeutic implications.
Antigens, CD/analysis ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/immunology/*pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intestinal Polyps/immunology/*pathology ; Lymphoma/immunology/*pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polyps/immunology/*pathology

Aged ; Castleman Disease ; immunology ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; metabolism ; Lymphatic Diseases ; immunology ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymphoma ; pathology ; Male ; Plasma Cells ; immunology ; Pseudolymphoma ; immunology ; pathology

After having successfully constructed and expressed the gene of the anti-CD3/anti-CD20 bispecific single-chain antibody (bscCD3 x CD20), here we analyzed its in vitro bioactivity of mediating the lysis of Ramous human B-lymphoma cells in the presence of T-enriched human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). Obvious opoptosis characters were observed by Annexin V/PI(AV/PI) stained and scanning electron microscope. As evaluated by non-radioactive cytotoxity assay, the bscCD3 x CD20 showed potent bioactivity of mediating human B-lymphoma cells lysis in the presence of T-enriched human PBL. The potency of cytotoxicity depended on the ratios of effect cells to target cells (E:T) used. Further, the antibody showed a dose and time-dependent effect on mediating Ramous cells lysis. The specific lysis reached about 87.3% at an antibody concentration of 5microg/mL and E:T used at 10:1. Clear changes in apoptogenes expression profiles were detected by apoptosis gene array after Ramous cells were treated with the antibody and PBL. Among the upregulated apoptogenes, ATM and P53 showed an increase of 187 times and 15 times respectively, which suggested that ATM-p53 pathway may be the main apoptosis way of Ramous cells induced by T cells in the presence of the bscCD3 x CD20.
Antibodies, Bispecific ; immunology ; Antigens, CD20 ; immunology ; Apoptosis ; immunology ; CD3 Complex ; immunology ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; immunology ; pathology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

To verify the spectrum of CD99-expressing lymphoid malignancy, an immunohistochemical study for CD99 was carried out in 182 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, including 21 lymphoblastic lymphomas, 11 small lymphocytic lymphomas, 9 mantle cell lymphomas, 12 follicular lymphomas, 37 diffuse large B cell lymphomas, 18 Burkitt's lymphomas, 28 NK/T-cell lymphomas, 8 angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomas, 23 peripheral T-cell lymphomas, unspecified, and 15 systemic anaplastic large cell lymphomas. CD99 was positive in all T-lymphoblastic lymphomas and in 60% of B-lymphoblastic lymphomas. Majority of T and NK cell lymphomas were negative for CD99, except anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs). Eight of 15 cases (54%) of ALCLs reacted with anti CD99 antibody. Seven of 10 (70%) ALK positive ALCLs expressed CD99, whereas only 1 of 5 (20%) ALK negative ALCLs were positive. Of the mature B-cell lymphomas, 5.4% (2/37) of diffuse large B cell lymphomas and 11.1% (2/18) of Burkitt's lymphomas expressed CD99. In conclusion, CD99 is infrequently expressed in mature B and T cell lymphomas, except ALK-positive ALCL. High expression of CD99 in ALK-positive ALCL is unexpected finding and its biologic and clinical significances have yet to be clarified.
Antigens, CD/*metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/*metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoma, Large-Cell/enzymology/*immunology/pathology ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/enzymology/*immunology/pathology ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinase/immunology/*metabolism

OBJECTIVETo identify the clinical and pathological features of natural killer-like T-cell lymphoma/leukemia.

METHODSThe characteristics of natural killer-like T-cell lymphoma/leukemia was discussed with report a new case and review of literatures.

RESULTSA 16-year-old girl was referred to our hospital because of fever and disseminated cutaneous herpes and ulcer. Atypical lymphoid cells surrounded the dermal vessels with a CD3(+), CD8(+), CD4(-), CD5(-), CD10(-), CD19(-), CD57(-), CD56(+), perforin(+), granzyme B(+) immunophenotype and rearranged T-cell receptor-gamma gene implicated natural killer-like T cell origin. She was treated with prednisone and for several months. Then the patient developed progressive spleen enlargement with overt leukemia, which led to her eventual death.

CONCLUSIONSNatural killer-like T-cell lymphoma/leukemia is a rare disease with distinctive clinical, histopathologic, and immuno phenotypic characteristics. Current treatment modalities are ineffective for most of the patients.

Adolescent ; CD56 Antigen ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; pathology ; Leukemia, T-Cell ; immunology ; pathology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; immunology ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo describe the relative frequency, morphologic features, immunophenotype and clinical data of different types of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) and to evaluate the practical application of the 2001 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lymphoid neoplasms.

METHODS369 documented cases of B-NHL were further subtyped according to the 2001 WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms, on the basis of hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry and in-situ hybridization techniques.

RESULTSAmongst the 369 cases of B-NHL studied, 353 cases could be further classified into 11 subtypes. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, extranodal marginal zone lymphoma and follicular lymphoma were the commonest subtypes, accounting for 51.2% (189 cases), 14.9% (55 cases) and 10.6% (39 cases) of all cases respectively. Tumors in lymph nodes were seen in 158 cases (42.8%) and in extra node in 211 cases (57.2%). B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia and hairy cell leukemia were not identified. When comparing the diagnosis based on morphologic examination alone with the diagnosis based on both morphology and immunophenotype, there was a 80% concordance rate. Immunohistochemical study was helpful in reaching the correct diagnosis in many cases and could improve the overall diagnostic accuracy by about 20%.

CONCLUSIONSAmongst cases of B-NHL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the commonest subtype, followed by MALToma and follicular lymphoma. While morphologic examination forms the basis for lymphoma diagnosis, immunohistochemical study also plays an important role in further subtyping. A combination of both modalities are sufficient for arriving at an accurate diagnosis in most cases of B-NHL, in keeping with the recommendation of the 2001 WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; CD79 Antigens ; metabolism ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukosialin ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; immunology ; pathology ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; immunology ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; immunology ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; immunology ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; classification ; immunology ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; World Health Organization

Adult ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; CD3 Complex ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; immunology ; pathology ; Ki-1 Antigen ; metabolism ; Lymphoma ; immunology ; pathology ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; immunology ; pathology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; immunology ; pathology