China ; Hematologic Diseases ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue ; pathology

The 5th edition of the World Health Organization classification of hematolymphoid tumors (WHO Blue Book) is soon to be published. Significant revisions have been made in the chapters on histiocytic/dendritic cell neoplasms and stroma-derived neoplasms of lymphoid tissues, leading to the reclassification and renaming of specific diseases. This article provides a concise interpretation and summary of these updates, highlighting the differences from the fourth edition. Pertinent changes from clinical pathological diagnosis to treatment and prognosis are explored, with an emphasis on recent advancements in molecular genetics. Newly introduced disease classifications are discussed, and the section on follicular dendritic cell sarcoma contributed by the author is detailed to assist readers in quickly understanding and assimilating the new classification standards.
Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue/pathology* ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms/pathology* ; Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular/pathology* ; Dendritic Cells/pathology* ; World Health Organization

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the lymphoid follicles in mucous membrane of pharynx and mucosal associated lymphoid tissues (MALT). METHOD: Ten folliculi obtained from 10 patients of follicular pharyngitis and mucosa taken form 10 patients of paranasal sinusitis were fixed in neutral formalin and embedded in paraffin. Sections were prepared, stained by H. E and by immunohistochemical method staining with S-100,and observe by light microscopy. We observed the morphology of lymphoid follicles in mucous membrane of pharynx with MALT in mucosa of paranasal sinusitis as the contrast. RESULT: Lymphoid follicles in mucosa of pharynx compared with MALT in the mucosa of paranasal sinuses, there was no mantle zone, no typical germinal center and no mucosal epithelium, immunological staining with S-100 was week. CONCLUSION The lymphoid follicles in mucosa of pharynx does not belong to the MALT.
Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoid Tissue ; pathology ; Nasal Mucosa ; pathology ; Paranasal Sinuses ; pathology ; Pharyngitis ; pathology ; Pharynx ; pathology ; Sinusitis ; pathology

Primary hepatic lymphoma is a rare disorder representing less than 1% of all extranodal lymphomas. Histological examination of a primary hepatic lymphoma usually reveals a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; there have been few reports of primary hepatic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas. A 67-year-old man was being treated for a duodenal ulcer; while receiving therapy for the ulcer, a liver mass was incidentally found on abdominal ultrasonography. The pathologic diagnosis of the hepatic mass was an extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT. The patient underwent radiotherapy with a total of 4,140 cGy delivered. The patient achieved complete remission and has been followed for 6 years with no recurrence of the disease. This report reviews the case of a primary hepatic extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT successfully treated by radiotherapy alone.
Male ; Lymphoma, Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue/diagnosis/pathology/*radiotherapy ; Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis/pathology/*radiotherapy ; Humans ; Aged

Lymphoepithelial cysts of the pancreas are a type of true cyst that can mimic pseudocysts and cystic neoplasms. They are very rare, non-malignant lesions that are unilocular or multilocular cystic lesions lined predominantly by mature squamous epithelium and surrounded by non-neoplastic lymphoid elements. We, herein, present a patient with a cystic pancreas tumor mimicking a malignant cystic neoplasm. The patient was admitted with upper abdominal discomfort. Computed tomography showed a 64x39 mm cystic mass in the pancreas tail. She underwent distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy. In the fluid analysis of the pancreas cystic mass, the CEA and CA19-9 were 618 ng/ml and 3.9 U/ml, respectively. The resected pancreas specimen showed a 6.5 cm-sized cyst the pancreas tail. The cyst was well circumscribed and multilocular. The final pathology report of the resected pancreas specimen noted that the cyst was multilocular, and the cyst lining was showing stratified squamous epithelium covering the lymphoid tissue (containing lymphoid follicles), which was consistent with a lymphoepithelial cyst. The patient recovered uneventfully from surgery and has been doing well for the past 3 months. A differential diagnosis of cystic pancreatic lesions is important. We suggest that lymphoepithelial cysts, although very rare, may be included in the differential diagnosis of cystic pancreatic tumors.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatectomy ; Pathology ; Splenectomy ; Tail

Diagnosis, Differential ; Enteritis ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; pathology ; Intestinal Obstruction ; diagnosis ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Lymphoma ; Ulcer ; diagnosis

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Tonsillar tissue is a component of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), which has evolved to protect vulnerable mucosal surfaces. Helicobacter pylori, implicated as an etiological factor in duodenal ulcer and gastritis, induces the appearance of lymphoid aggregates in the stomach. Therefore, we investigate the possibility that tonsils can be extragastric reservoir and target tissue for H. pylori. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Campylobacter-Like Organism (CLO) test and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis for H. pylori was performed on 98 patients undergoing tonsillectomy. Chronic tonsillitis group (62 patients) and controlled group (36 patients) were enrolled in this study. Tissue samples were collected from excised palatine tonsils. Two millimeter diameter tissue piece that had been obtained from palatine tonsil specimens were placed in the CLO test kit. Remnant tonsils were sent to the Department of Pathology for IHC analysis. RESULTS: Using the CLO test, H. pylori was detected in 60 (61.2%) of the 98 patients, 39 (62.9%) of 62 in chronic tonsillitis group and 21 (58.3%) of 36 in control group. Using the IHC analysis, it was detected in 54 (55.1%) of the 98 patients, 35 (56.5%) of 62 in chronic tonsillitis group and 19 (52.8%) of 36 in control group. There are no significant differences between chronic tonsillitis group and control group with regard to both CLO & IHC analysis. CONCLUSION: This result suggests that palatine tonsil represents an extragastric reservoir for H. pylori infection, but not a target tissue.
Duodenal Ulcer ; Gastritis ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Palatine Tonsil* ; Pathology ; Stomach ; Tonsillectomy ; Tonsillitis*

B-cell lymphoma is the most common malignant lymphoma, and its incidence is increasing year by year. Some types are often indistinguishable from the reactive lesions through morphology combined with immunohistochemistry, so other auxiliary diagnostic methods are urgently needed. Since B-cell lymphoma is caused by malignant transformation of IGH rearranged B cells, the molecular characteristics of rearranged B cells can be used as an important reference for differentiating benign and malignant proliferations of lymphatic tissues. With the development of molecular biology technology, the detection of clonal rearrangement of IGH plays an important role in the diagnosis, efficacy evaluation and prognosis evaluation of lymphoma. This paper focuses on the molecular characteristics and clinical significance of clonal rearrangement of IGH in B-cell lymphoma.
Gene Rearrangement ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue/pathology* ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, B-Cell/genetics* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

Most colonic multiple mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas are confirmed with a histologic and immunohistochemical staining of the mucosal biopsy specimen obtained during colonoscopic examinations. Endoscopically, colonic MALT lymphomas frequently appear as protruding and/or ulcerative lesions, and there are not so many reports of colonic MALT lymphoma as compared to the frequent reports of MALT lymphoma of stomach. We report a unique case of colonic MALT lymphoma presenting as a simple reddish discoloration of mucosa; this presentation has never been describe before. Our patient was a 47-yr-old male who suffered from tenesmus and mucoid stool. A colonoscopy was accomplished, followed by a histologic examination and we diagnosed a colonic MALT lymphoma. Staging of the disease was done because this was necessary for choosing the modality of treatments. The patient was then treated with polychemotherapy in conjunction with radiation therapy.
Colonic Neoplasms/*pathology ; Colonoscopy ; Color ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa/*pathology ; Lymphoma, Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue/*pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between allergic rhinitis and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea (OSAHS) syndrome in children. METHOD: (1) According to medical history, physical signs, skin-prick test, serum sIgE, endoscopic examination and polysomnography, the incidence of allergic rhinitis was confirmed in 574 cases of childhood obstructive sleeping apnea-hypopnea syndrome in our hospital between July in 2008 to June in 2010. (2) Effects of anti-allergic drugs were observed on 78 children with OSAHS and allergic rhinitis meanwhile. RESULT: (1) 258 cases of allergic rhinitis were confirmed in 574 cases of OSAHS, accounting for 44.9% of the OSAHS cases and 50.4% of all cases of allergic rhinitis during the same period. Most of them were perennial allergic rhinitis (223 cases, 86.4%), and 72.5% of them were aroused by fungal allergen. Compared with other allergen, statistically significant difference was found (P < 0.05). (2) After receiving anti-allergic drugs regularly for 3 weeks, 40 cases suffering from mild and moderate OSAHS and allergic rhinitis, 3 cases out of 38 cases suffering from serious OSAHS and allergic rhinitis showed satisfactory results, while other cases had little improvement. CONCLUSION Allergic rhinitis is closely related to childhood OSAHS, and perennial allergic rhinitis dominates. The most common allergen is fungal allergen, the second is house and flour dust mites. So for patients of mild and moderate OSAHS with allergic rhinitis, regular anti-allergic drugs can lighten OSAHS effectively and may make patients avoid surgery. Severe OSAHS cases can receive surgical intervention if prior anti allergic therapy fails. Anti allergic therapy should be adopted routinely after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in case of hypopnea due to hypertrophy of inferior turbinate or tubal torus in allergic rhinitis.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue ; pathology ; Male ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; complications ; pathology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; complications ; Turbinates ; pathology