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3.Etiology, treatment and outcome of children diagnosed with Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a tertiary hospital

Dianne Loraine P. Clemente ; Robert Dennis J. Garcia

Pediatric Infectious Disease Society of the Philippines Journal 2021;22(1):72-82

Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a clinical syndrome that is associated with a variety of underlying conditions leading to the same characteristic hyperinflammatory phenotype. Objectives: To describe the clinical profile of patients diagnosed with HLH admitted between January 1, 2010 to September 30, 2019 in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of pediatric patients diagnosed with HLH in a tertiary care hospital. Results: Eleven subjects were included in the study. Age distribution showed a bimodal pattern: < 5 years old (5, 46%) and 10-15 years old (4, 36%). Male to female ratio is 4.5:1. All patients presented with fever (100%) followed by hepatomegaly (5, 45%) and splenomegaly (4, 36%) on physical examination. All eleven subjects fulfilled the following criteria for HLH such as fever, splenomegaly, and hyperferritinemia. Six out of eleven showed hypofibrinogemia (55%) and hypertriglyceridemia (55%). Among the eleven with two cell cytopenia, five presented with anemia (46%), six with neutropenia (55%), while all of them had thrombocytopenia (100%). Other laboratory findings noted were elevated ALT (5, 46%), CRP (4, 36%), AST (3, 27%), alkaline phosphatase (3, 27%), and hyponatremia (3, 27%). EBV and dengue (3, 27%) were the most common etiologies. Pneumonia (3, 27%) was the most common complication, followed by sepsis (2, 18%). All but one patient were responsive to either dexamethasone (7, 64%) and or IVIG (5, 45%) and chemotherapy (1, 9%). The antibiotic most commonly used was piperacillin tazobactam (3, 27%). The median hospital stay was 17 days. There was one mortality (9%). Conclusion HLH should be considered in children presenting with prolonged fever, hepatomegaly, and or splenomegaly, with hyperferritinemia, thrombocytopenia, anemia and neutropenia.
Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic

4.Hemophagocytosis in the pleural fluid of a patient with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Eun Jae CHANG ; Tae Eun KIM ; In Sang JEON

Blood Research 2014;49(1):6-6

5.Two cases of bacteria associated hemophagocytic syndrome in typhoidfever.

Bo Moon SHIN

Korean Journal of Clinical Pathology 1993;13(1):43-48

6.A rare case of diffuse large B cell lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome initially present in the bone marrow with a favorable clinical course.

Sang Hyuk PARK ; Eun Yup LEE ; Joo Seop CHUNG

Blood Research 2016;51(2):144-147

7.A rare case of diffuse large B cell lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome initially present in the bone marrow with a favorable clinical course.

Sang Hyuk PARK ; Eun Yup LEE ; Joo Seop CHUNG

Blood Research 2016;51(2):144-147

1.A Case of Virus Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome.

2.A case of infection-associated hemophagocytic syndrome associated with CMV mononucleosis.

3.Etiology, treatment and outcome of children diagnosed with Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a tertiary hospital

4.Hemophagocytosis in the pleural fluid of a patient with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

5.Two cases of bacteria associated hemophagocytic syndrome in typhoidfever.

6.A rare case of diffuse large B cell lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome initially present in the bone marrow with a favorable clinical course.

7.A rare case of diffuse large B cell lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome initially present in the bone marrow with a favorable clinical course.

8.Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults.

9.Two cases of bacteria associated hemophagocytic syndrome in typhoidfever.

10.Disseminated cytomegalovirus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in an elderly patient.

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