Epigenetics is aimed to study the heritable changes in gene expression patterns independent of alterations in genomic DNA sequence structure, and the mechanisms of translation from genotype to phenotype. In recent years, compelling evidence gathered supports a role of epigenetic alterations in the pathogenesis of lymphatic system tumors. For example, recent data from multiple laboratories indicate that several hundred genes, involving dozens of critical molecular pathways, are epigenetically suppressed in acute lymphocytic leukemia; a panel of methylation markers can be used for additional risk stratification of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients; based on the epigenetic profiles, the class prediction models in gray zone lymphoma can be established; the epigenetic silencing of microRNAs in multiple myeloma generally appears to have intact P53 function; epigenetic therapies have broader implication and high potential for the development of immunotherapeutic strategies and so on. In this review, the latest advances of epigenetic study and the prospect of epigenetic therapy for tumors in lymphatic system are summarized.
Amino Acid Motifs ; DNA Methylation ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Histones ; genetics ; Humans ; Lymphatic Diseases ; genetics ; Lymphatic System ; Neoplasms ; genetics

Objective: To investigate the clinic-pathological features, diagnosis and treatment of 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS) . Methods: Five patients diagnosed as EMS from Jan 2014 to May 2018 at Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were enrolled. The clinical manifestations, laboratory characteristics, treatment and outcome of these patients were summarized. Results: The peripheral blood leukocyte count of 5 patients with EMS increased significantly, accompanied with an elevated absolute eosinophils value (the average as 18.89×10(9)/L) . The hypercellularity of myeloid cells was common in bone marrow, always with the elevated proportion of eosinophils (the average as 17.24%) , but less than 5% of blast cells. The chromosome karyotype of the 5 cases differed from each other, but presenting with the same rearrangement of FGFR1 gene by fluorescence in situ hybridization technology. The average interval between onset and diagnosis was 4.8 months with a median survival of only 14 months. Conclusion: EMS was a rare hematologic malignancy with poor prognosis and short survival. It was commonly to be misdiagnosed. Analysis of cytogenetics and molecular biology were helpful for early diagnosis.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8 ; Eosinophilia/genetics* ; Hematologic Neoplasms/genetics* ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Karyotyping ; Lymphatic Diseases/genetics* ; Myeloproliferative Disorders/genetics* ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/genetics* ; Translocation, Genetic

The study was aimed to investigate the different prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with inv (16). A 13-year-old patient diagnosed as M4Eo presenting with bulky lymphadenopathy was reported, the curative process of patients was presented and the related issues were discussed. The karyotype and inv (16) were detected by conventional cytogeneties and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), respectively, the immunophenotype was detected by flow cytometry. The results showed that conventional cytogenetics and FISH analysis revealed inv (16). Induction therapy included idarubicin and cytarabine. After complete remission, patient received consolidation theray containing high-dose cytarabine (HDAC). FISH analysis revealed poor response of patient to HDAC. It is concluded that bulky lymphadenopathy in AML with inv (16) may be a negative prognostic sign. FISH for inv (16) is specific and constitutes an reliable tool to be used for diagnosis and minimal residual disease (MRD).
Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Chromosome Inversion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16 ; genetics ; Cytarabine ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Idarubicin ; administration & dosage ; Leukemia, Myeloid ; complications ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Lymphatic Diseases ; complications ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Prognosis