Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphadenitis ; complications ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Urticaria ; etiology ; Vitiligo ; etiology

Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Fever ; etiology ; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis ; classification ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Male

Thirty-six cases of necrotizing lymphadenitis--including 33 cases of unknown etiology, 1 typhoid lymphadenopathy, and 2 cases of suspicious lupus lymphadenopathy--were clinico-pathologically reviewed and analyzed with immunostaining for s-100 and lysozyme. All cases histologically showed architectural effacement by paracortical lesions composed of nuclear karyorrhexis and mononuclear cell proliferation. Immunohistochemical study revealed proliferation of lysozyme-positive macrophages in the necrotizing areas and an increase in the number of s-100-positive cells in the uninvolved paracortical areas. This observation suggests that necrotizing lymphadenitis may be a common morphologic expression of a T cell-mediated hyperimmune condition induced by diverse etiologies.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphadenitis/etiology/metabolism/*pathology ; Male ; Muramidase/metabolism ; Necrosis ; S100 Proteins/metabolism

Since 1972, a unique lymphadenitis called "subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis" has been described in much Japanese literatures and in a few English articles. Although this condition is accepted as a new entity in Japan, it is not yet accepted other countries. Occasionally, we have encountered lymph node biopsies which showed histologic pictures of subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis with clinical impressions of malignant lymphoma. As an initial step to investigating the etiology of this disease, the common clinicopathologic features in 24 cases of subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis were studied. The lesion frequently developed in the cervical lymph node of young women, causing simple enlargement of the lymph node and was accompanied occasionally by fever or pain. The duration of symptoms was within one month and seasonal distribution was not remarkable. In laboratory tests, WBC count was below 4000/mm3 in 8 cases and Widal test was negative in all 4 cases examined. Microscopically, the characteristic finding was the wide area of patch or confluent necrosis associated with numerous karyorrhectic nuclear dust and surrounded by diffuse infiltration of immunoblastic or activated histiocytoid cells. No appreciable increase in plasma cells or neutrophilic infiltration was noted.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Human ; Infant ; Lymphadenitis/pathology* ; Male ; Middle Age ; Necrosis

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expressions of Notch1 and Hes1 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and their correlations with clinical features. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on DLBCL samples (54 cases) and lymphadenitis tissues (20 cases) to evaluate the expressions of Notch1 and Hes1, and analyze their correlations with clinical characteristics of patients. Based on Oncomine database, the expressions of Notch1 and Hes1 mRNA and DNA were also explored. RESULTS: IHC result showed that the positive expression rates of Notch1 and Hes1 in DLBCL patients were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). In DLBCL patients, the expression of Notch1 was closely associated with B symptoms, Ann Arbor stage, lymphocyte count and the level of lactate dehydrogenase (P <0.05), while the expression level of Hes1 was significantly higher in patients with B symptoms (P <0.05). Notch⁺/Hes1⁺ expression was found in 21 DLBCL tissues (38.9%), and there was a correlation between Notch1 and Hes1 expression (r =0.296, P <0.05). Bioinformatics analysis (Oncomine database) showed that the mRNA expressions of Notch1 and Hes1 in the Brune dataset were significantly higher than those in the control tissues (P <0.05). CONCLUSION The expressions of Notch1 and Hes1 in DLBCL are significantly higher than those in lymphadenitis, and correlated with B symptoms and Ann Arbor stage, suggesting that Notch1 and Hes1 play important roles in the occurrence and development of DLBCL.
Humans ; Cell Line ; Clinical Relevance ; Lymphadenitis ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology* ; Prognosis ; RNA, Messenger

Burkitt Lymphoma ; pathology ; virology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; pathology ; Hematologic Diseases ; pathology ; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis ; pathology ; Hodgkin Disease ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; classification ; pathology

Objective: To investigate the value of plasma cells for diagnosing lymph node diseases. Methods: Common lymphadenopathy (except plasma cell neoplasms) diagnosed from September 2012 to August 2022 were selected from the pathological records of Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China. Morphological and immunohistochemical features were analyzed to examine the infiltration pattern, clonality, and IgG and IgG4 expression of plasma cells in these lymphadenopathies, and to summarize the differential diagnoses of plasma cell infiltration in common lymphadenopathies. Results: A total of 236 cases of lymphadenopathies with various degrees of plasma cell infiltration were included in the study. There were 58 cases of Castleman's disease, 55 cases of IgG4-related lymphadenopathy, 14 cases of syphilitic lymphadenitis, 2 cases of rheumatoid lymphadenitis, 18 cases of Rosai-Dorfman disease, 23 cases of Kimura's disease, 13 cases of dermal lymphadenitis and 53 cases of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). The main features of these lymphadenopathies were lymph node enlargement with various degrees of plasm cell infiltration. A panel of immunohistochemical antibodies were used to examine the distribution of plasma cells and the expression of IgG and IgG4. The presence of lymph node architecture could help determine benign and malignant lesions. The preliminary classification of these lymphadenopathies was based on the infiltration features of plasma cells. The evaluation of IgG and IgG4 as a routine means could exclude the lymph nodes involvement of IgG4-related dieases (IgG4-RD), and whether it was accompanied by autoimmune diseases or multiple-organ diseases, which were of critical evidence for the differential diagnosis. For common lesions of lymphadenopathies, such as Castleman's disease, Kimura's disease, Rosai-Dorfman's disease and dermal lymphadenitis, the expression ratio of IgG4/IgG (>40%) as detected using immunhistochemistry and serum IgG4 levels should be considered as a standard for the possibility of IgG4-RD. The differential diagnosis of multicentric Castleman's diseases and IgG4-RD should be also considered. Conclusions: Infiltration of plasma cells and IgG4-positive plasma cells may be detected in some types of lymphadenopathies and lymphomas in clinicopathological daily practice, but not all of them are related to IgG4-RD. It should be emphasized that the characteristics of plasma cell infiltration and the ratio of IgG4/IgG (>40%) should be considered for further differential diagnosis and avoiding misclassification of lymphadenopathies.
Humans ; Castleman Disease/pathology* ; Plasma Cells/pathology* ; Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease ; China ; Lymphadenopathy/pathology* ; Inflammation/pathology* ; Lymph Nodes/pathology* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Lymphadenitis/pathology* ; Immunoglobulin G/metabolism*

Subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis (SNL) is a well documented and unique clinicopathologic entity, although its etiology and pathogenesis have not been clearly established. Microscopically, cortical and paracortical necrotizing lesions with karyorrhexis, abundant nuclear debris and infiltration of large mononuclear cells are characteristic. This study analyzed the common clinical and pathological features of 118 patients with SNL and the nature of the mononuclear cells. Patients were generally young women and revealed cervical lymphadenopathy with tenderness, fever, leukopenia and elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Features of the adjacent uninvolved area in the lymph node included a starry sky pattern, follicle centers, sinus histiocytosis or aggregation of foamy histicoytes. There was an inverse relationship between the extent of necrosis and of histocytic infiltration but not between the extent of necrosis and the duration from the onset of symptoms to the diagnosis. Immunohistochemically the infiltrated mononuclear cells of the affected foci were T lymphocytes and histiocytes. The clinical, histological and immunohistochemical features suggest that SNL represents a hypersensitivity reaction to certain infectious agent without forming granuloma.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Human ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infant ; Lymphadenitis/immunology/*pathology/therapy ; Male ; Middle Age ; Necrosis ; T-Lymphocytes/pathology

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVETo compare the enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes in healthy children with those children with mesenteric lymphadenitis.

METHODSAccording to the diagnostic criteria defining lymph node enlargement as a 5-mm enlargement or greater in the short diameter, 137 healthy children and 148 children with mesenteric lymphadenitis were retrospectively analyzed for mesenteric lymph node enlargement based on the ultrasonographic data.

RESULTSThe distribution of enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes was detected in the right lower quadrant (RLQ) in 46.3%, in the para-aortic areas in 19.2%, and in the left lower quadrant (LLQ) in 13.6% of the children. The clusters of lymph nodes between the two groups showed no significant difference in the distribution, age, L/W, longitudinal diameter or clusters, only the short diameter differed significantly between them.

CONCLUSIONEnlarged mesenteric lymph nodes are present in many healthy children, which does not necessarily suggests any abnormalities. The mesenteric lymph nodes increase with the age until 6 years and then decrease. The lymph nodes with a short diameter larger than 8 mm may indicate the condition of mesenteric lymphadenitis.

Abdomen ; Adolescent ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Diseases ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Male ; Mesenteric Lymphadenitis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Mesentery ; Retrospective Studies