OBJECTIVE To investigate the application of antibacterials in patients accepted operation in grass-roots(hospitals),so to standardize the application of antibacterials and cut down the medical cost.METHODS Full-time administrators for nosocomial infection investigated the application of antibacterials in patients who accepted(operation) in Sep 2004,and filled in the questionnaires.RESULTS In 1 383 cases of 11 hospitals the application rate of antibacterials was 98.63%;in which 86.50% were for prophylactic usage and 13.50% for therapeutic usage;(29.90%) for single antibiotics treatment and 50.15% for bigeminy,18.70% were for trigeminy.Time of(application) differentiated(6.90,7.00,6.60d) fromⅠto Ⅲ kinds of operation.Per capita cost of antibacterials was $956.50(47.60%).CONCLUSIONS High cost of antibacterials results from such factors as multiple kinds,long time and(combined) application.

Chinese stomatology education mode is different from foreign oral education mode,with its own characteristics and some deficiencies.By comparing to the mature oral ( dental ) medical education system,we can learn from the successful experience from American modern oral medical education mode while preserving their advantages to carry forward the Chinese stomatology education.For this purpose,we analyze the academic structure,curriculum,teaching methods,continuing education,basic training,clinical practice,career prospects between Sino-US oral medical education system.Some suggestions on educative reform were also made.

Objective: This present study aimed to investigate the relationship between working hours and anxiety/depression mood of medical staff in China during COVID-19 epidemic. Methods: The cross-sectional interview study was conducted during the period between February 14th and February 29th, 2020. A total of 291 Chinese medical professionals were recruited from 4 cities and participated in the study. Results: In 291 participants, 116 (40.0%) medical staff experienced anxiety and 151 (51.8%) underwent depressed mood. In male, the level of GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores increased with the elevation of working hours per day (WHPD) (β=0.579, p=0.003 and β=0.943;p=0.001) respectively. In female, nonlinear relationship mode was demonstrated. The levels of GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores increased with the elevation of working hours when it was above 5 hours (β=1.432; p<0.001 and β=1.177; p<0.001), but it did not have a significant association with WHPD when it was less than 5 (p>0.05). Conclusion During the COVID-19 epidemic, we found a strong correlation between the psychological mood and WHPD. The correlation followed different modes in male and female medical workers. Enforcing an upper time limit of WHPD may help decrease the risk of pandemic-related psychological problems in medical workers.

Objective: This present study aimed to investigate the relationship between working hours and anxiety/depression mood of medical staff in China during COVID-19 epidemic. Methods: The cross-sectional interview study was conducted during the period between February 14th and February 29th, 2020. A total of 291 Chinese medical professionals were recruited from 4 cities and participated in the study. Results: In 291 participants, 116 (40.0%) medical staff experienced anxiety and 151 (51.8%) underwent depressed mood. In male, the level of GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores increased with the elevation of working hours per day (WHPD) (β=0.579, p=0.003 and β=0.943;p=0.001) respectively. In female, nonlinear relationship mode was demonstrated. The levels of GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores increased with the elevation of working hours when it was above 5 hours (β=1.432; p<0.001 and β=1.177; p<0.001), but it did not have a significant association with WHPD when it was less than 5 (p>0.05). Conclusion During the COVID-19 epidemic, we found a strong correlation between the psychological mood and WHPD. The correlation followed different modes in male and female medical workers. Enforcing an upper time limit of WHPD may help decrease the risk of pandemic-related psychological problems in medical workers.

Mounting evidence has demonstrated that CD4(+) T cells play an important role in anti-tumor immune responses. Thus, adoptive transfer of these cells may have great potential for anti-cancer therapy. However, due to the difficulty to generate sufficient tumor-specific CD4(+) T cells, the use of CD4(+) T cells in tumor therapy is limited. It has been found that IL-15 transfection enhances the proliferation and anti-tumor activity of tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells, but the effect of IL-15 transfection on CD4(+) T cells remains unknown. Here, the effects of retrovirus-mediated IL-15 expression in Ova-specific CD4(+) T cells from Do11.10 mice were evaluated and it was discovered that IL-15 transfected CD4(+) T cells expressed both soluble and membrane-bound IL-15. Retrovirus-mediated IL-15 expression led to a selective expansion of antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells by inhibiting their apoptosis. In vivo IL-15 transfected CD4(+) T cells were more effective in suppressing tumor growth than control retroviral vector transfected ones. To ensure the safety of the method, the employment of thymidine kinase gene made it possible to eliminate these transgenic CD4(+) T cells following ganciclovir treatment. Together, we show that IL-15 transfection induced a selective expansion of antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells ex vivo and enhanced their tumor-suppression effects in vivo. This has an important significance for improving the efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Humans ; Interleukin-15 ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; Retroviridae ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes in the hemodynamics of rats with immunological liver fibrosis and explore the pathogenesis of "blood stasis" in liver fibrosis.

METHODSRat models of liver fibrosis were established by multiple intraperitoneal injections of pig serum. The hematocrit, blood viscosity at the shear rate of 150/s, 30/s, 5/s, and 1/s, serum markers for liver fibrosis, and serum transaminase levels were measured in the control and model rats.

RESULTSThe hematocrit, blood viscosity at different shear rates, hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), procollagen type III (PCIII), type IV collagen (CIV), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT) and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (AST) increased significantly in the rats with experimental liver fibrosis appeared as compared with those in the control rats. Positive correlations were noted between blood viscosity at different shear rates and serum concentrations of the fibrosis markers (HA, LN, PCIII, and CIV) in the model rats.

CONCLUSIONThe changes in the hemodynamics in rats with immunological liver fibrosis suggests the role of "blood stasis" in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and provide experimental evidence for therapies to "activate the blood circulation and dissipate blood stasis" for treatment of liver fibrosis.

Animals ; Blood Viscosity ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; physiology ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental ; blood ; immunology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective　To evaluate the technique and clinical outcomes of modified transperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.　Methods　A total of 285 patients received the operation with mean age of 67 years (50-76 years) from January 2008 to April 2012.Mean level of PSA was 15.7 μg/L (1.8 -50.0 μg/L),and mean prostatic volume was 44 ml (26 -74 ml). No lymph node or seminal vesicle involvement was found by CT or MR and radionuclide bone scan revealed no metastasis.271 cases were confirmed diagnosis by prostatic biopsy and 14 were detected through pathological studies of TURP specimens.Gleason score ranged from 6 to 8.14 cases were in clinical stage T1b,29 cases in T1c,214 cases in T2 and 28 cases in T3a.Transperitoneal approach and modified technique involving bladder neck dissection,nervesparing technique and vesicoureteral anastomosis were applied on patients.　Results　Mean operative time was 105 min (55 -150 min).Mean intraoperative estimated blood loss was 240 ml (50-800 ml).Rectal injures occurred in 2 cases and were repaired under laparoscopy.Drainage tube and urinary catheter were removed 48 -72 h and 5 -8 d postoperatively.Postoperative hospital stay was 7 d (5 - 11 d).Positive surgical margin was present in 58 patients.Mean follow-up time was 29 months (3 -50 months).Complete continence were found in 208 patients immediately after catheter removal.68 patient recovered continence within 3 months and 9 patients remained incontinence 3 months after surgery. Normal erection presented in 42 of the 57 cases with nerve-sparing.　Conclusions　Transperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is safe and efficient.Higher efficiency and lower complication rate have been achieved through modified laparoscopic technique involving bladder neck dissection,nerve-sparing technique and vesicoureteral anastomosis.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical presentation, pathological feature, therapy and outcome of epithelioid hemangioma. METHOD: We reviewed the clinical findings, pathologic changes and outcomes of six cases with epithelioid hemangioma from Aug. 2007 to Sept. 2011. RESULT: There are four males and two females ranged from 18 to 44 years(median year was 29.5). Primary lesions sites included the parotid gland, neck and ear. Four lesions presented as a solitary mass, and no patient had history of trauma. All patients were treated by surgeries, and not complemented by medical. There were four patients relapsed during follow-up, and three of them accepted reoperations (two patients received postoperative radiotherapies), and no recurrence was detected. CONCLUSION Epithelioid hemangioma represents a benign vascular tumor, accurate diagnosis relies on clinical characteristic, histopathologic appearance and immunohistochemical findings, and it must be differentiated with Kimura's disease. The main treatment is surgery and the prognosis is well, but easy to recurrence.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Hemangioma ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Prognosis

Background and Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, frequently-occurring disease and poses a major health concern. Unfortunately, there is current no effective treatment for COPD, particularly emphysema. Recently, experimental treatment of COPD using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mainly focused on bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). Human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (hUC-MSCs) have more advantages compared to BM-MSCs. However, studies on the role of hUC-MSCs in management of COPD are limited. This study sought to explore the role of hUC-MSCs and its action mechanisms in a rat model of VEGF receptor blocker SU5416-injured emphysema. Methods: and Results: hUC-MSCs were characterized by immunophenotype and differentiation analysis. Rats were div-ided into four groups: Control, Control＋MSC, SU5416 and SU5416＋MSC. Rats in model group were administered with SU5416 for three weeks. At the end of the second week after SU5416 administration, model group were infused with 3×106 hUC-MSCs through tail vein. After 14 days from hUC-MSCs transplantation, rats were euthanized and data were analyzed. HE staining and mean linear intercepts showed that SU5416-treated rats exhibited typical emphysema while emphysematous changes in model rats after hUC-MSCs transplantation disappeared completely and were restored to normal phenotype. Furthermore, hUC-MSCs inhibited apoptosis as shown by TUNEL and Western blotting.ELISA and Western blotting showed hUC-MSCs rescued VEGF-VEGFR2-AKT pathway in emphysematous lungs. Conclusions The findings show that hUC-MSCs effectively repair the emphysema injury. This study provides the first evidence that hUC-MSCs inhibit apoptosis via rescuing VEGF- VEGFR2-AKT pathway in a rat model of emphysema.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the relation between different therapy and survival rate of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer (LMCC).

METHODSClinical data of 669 LMCC patients,collected from Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital from January 2000 to July 2008, were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSOf the 669 cases, 379 cases were synchronous liver metastases(SLM) and 290 cases were metachronous liver metastases(MLM). There were no significant differences in age, gender and position of primary tumor between SLM and MLM groups(P>0.05), but as to liver metastasis characteristics(liver lobe involved, focus number and maximal focus diameter) and CEA, CA19-9 before therapy,there were significant differences(P<0.05). Two hundred and fifty-three cases underwent curative hepatic resection, including 123 cases in SLM and 130 cases in MLM. Until October 31, 2008, all the cases were followed up. The median survival time of SLM was(11+/-1) months and of MLM(23+/-2) months(P<0.01). Five-year survival rate of SLM was 6.4% and of MLM 11.4%(P<0.01). As to different treatments, median survival time and 5-year survival rate of curative hepatic resection group were 37 months and 35.6%, and of non-operation groups(i.e. intervention, chemotherapy, radiofrequency therapy and percutaneous ethanol injection) were 5 to 26 months and 0 to 3.6% respectively(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCurative hepatic resection is the first choice of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer, which can improve the survival rate. Resection rate and survival of MLM are better than those of SLM.

Adult ; Aged ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate