Intrinsic or acquired chemo-resistance is the main reason for chemotherapy failure, and thus finding ways to reverse chemo-resistance has become an interesting topic for research. Studies have revealed that immunomodulatory molecules are involved in cancer chemo-resistance. Hence, interventions that target immunomodulatory molecules to reverse chemo-resistance have attracted a great deal of concern from domestic and foreign scholars. Immunomodulatory molecules, such as PD-L1, B7-H3, HMGB1, TRAIL, MyD88, and Cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-α, IL-6), have been proven to take part in regulating immune function and tumor drug-resistance characteristics, thereby providing new ideas to the reversal of tumor chemo-resistance. This artide reviews the progression of immuno-modulatory molecules with the change in cancer chemotherapy sensitivity to provide a theoretical basis for the application of new thera-peutic regimen of bio-chemotherapy.

Based on the analysis of the status quo and development trends of disaster medicine system abroad along with a summary of the present conditions and inadequacies of the same system in China, this paper proposes to build such a system in Hainan Province. It studied, with reference to the specifics of Hainan Province, the characteristics of such a system in the province, involving such aspects as hospital setup, human resource development, construction of research centers, professional training,management of disease control centers, improvement of the hospital self-rescue system, reliable supply of drugs and medical devices, maintenance of disaster medicine information system, logistics support,improvement of assessment system, establishment of rescue-oriented culture, and psychology crisis intervention and promotions.

Objective To compare the influence of early parenteral nutrition and enteral nutrition on the nutrition,immune,and liver function state of patients with total gastrectomy.Methods A total of 90patients with total gastrectomy in our hospital from July 2010 to October 2012 were selected as research objects,and were randomly divided into group A (early parenteral nutrition group,n =45)and group B(early enteral nutrition group,n =45).The nutrition state indexes,immune state indexes,and liver function indexes of two groups before the intervention and at 3th and 10th day after the intervention were compared.Results The nutrition state indexes[3rd d:TP (68.35 ±3.02)g/L,A (38.94 ±4.69)g/L,PAB (273.54 ±29.68) mg/L,TRF (2.14 ±0.29) g/L,Hb (129.84 ±7.92) g/L;10th d:TP (72.59 ± 3.52)g/L,A (42.31 ±5.49)g/L,PAB (305.57 ±30.95)mg/L,TRF (2.78 ±0.31)g/L,Hb (135.87 ±8.95) g/L],immune state indexes [3rd d:IgA (0.94 ± 0.10) g/L,IgG (9.24 ± 0.63) g/L,IgM (1.51 ±0.14) g/L,RBC-C3bR (10.54 ± 0.52) ％,RBC-ICR (12.21 ± 1.41) ％ ; 10th d:IgA (1.23 ± 0.15) g/L,IgG (10.98 ±0.72)g/L,IgM (1.71 ±0.18) g/L,RBC-C3bR (13.74 ±0.69)％,RBC-ICR (9.27 ±1.05)％],and liver function indexes[3rd d:ALT (32.59 ±3.56)U/L,AST (33.95 ±4.03) U/L,TBIL(12.07± 1.38)μmol/L,GGT (24.03 ±2.59) U/L;10th d:ALT (22.93 ±3.18) U/L,AST (24.84 ±3.29) U/L,TBIL (10.50 ± 0.96) μmol/L,GGT (20.70 ± 2.49) U/L] in group B at 3rd and 10th day after the interventiont were all better than those in group A [3rd d:TP (64.59 ± 2.83)g/L,A (35.53 ±4.37)g/L,PAB (224.96 ±25.50)mg/L,TRF(1.63 ±0.20)g/L,Hb (121.03 ±7.18)g/L,IgA (0.68±0.07)g/L,IgG (7.32 ±0.51)g/L,IgM (1.12 ±0.10)g/L,RBC-C3bR (8.13 ±0.40)％,RBC-ICR (14.59 ±1.54)％,ALT (40.26 ±4.13)U/L,AST (40.95 ±4.26)U/L,TBIL (16.37 ± 1.75)μmol/L,GGT (31.45 ±2.97) U/L;10th d:TP (66.96 ±2.97) g/L,A (36.01 ±4.43) g/L,PAB (241.35 ±26.63) mg/L,TRF (1.86 ± 0.24) g/L,Hb (127.69 ± 7.73) g/L,IgA (0.81 ± 0.08) g/L,IgG (8.54 ±0.55) g/L,IgM (1.28 ± 0.12) g/L,RBC-C3bR (8.52 ± 0.46) ％,RBC-ICR (13.07 ± 1.46) ％,ALT(31.52 ± 3.84) U/L,AST (33.54 ± 3.90) U/L,TBIL (13.21 ± 1.41) μmol/L,GGT (25.39 ± 2.65) U/L],and these indexes in group B at 10th day after the intervention were all significantly better than those at 3rd day after the intervention (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The early enteral nutrition palys an active role in improving the nutrition,immune,and liver function state of patients with total gastrectomy,and it provides the necessary premise for the postoperative rehabilitation of patients.

Objective To observe inhibitory effect of recombinant human endostatin on the proliferation of vascular tumor endothelial cells and to investigate its possible mechanism.Methods Hemangioma endothelial cells were cultured in vitro and different concentrations of endostatin on hemangioma endothelial cell proliferation inhibition were detected by MTT method.Effect of recombinant human endostatin on endothelial cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry.The expression of VEGF, KDR mRNA in hemangioma endothelial cell were detected by Real-time RT PCR. Results Recombinant human endostatin concentrations in 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after three period during which the hemangioma endothelial cells inhibited significantly( P <0.01 ) , and there was a clear dose dependence, IC50 was 355 μg/mL.Recombinant human vascular endostatin ( 250 μg/mL ) intervented for 24 hours, the proportion of cells in G0/G1 phase(94.23 ±1.66)%, compared with control group (90.63 ±1.14)%, had significantly difference (P<0.05).Compared with the control group, the difference of the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was statistically significant (P<0.05) as well as Flk-1 (P <0.05).Conclusion Recombinant human endostatin does not only have inhibitory effect of hemangioma endothelial cell cycle, but also can inhibit the expression of VEGF and FLK-1.

75 yrs), presence of DM etc. (2) In our study, even though the door-to-ballon time was longer than the door-to-needle time, the therapentic outcome of primary PCI was better than that of thrombolysis. (3) There are improving room for guidelines application of reperfusions such as fibrinolytic and primary PCI, aspirin, ACEI, ?-blockers and cholesterol lowering agents in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction in China.

Objective To study the therapeutic effects of conservation surgery of laryngeal function for larygeal carcinoma in patients aged 70 years and over. Methods 136 patients aged 70 years and over were collected. Among them, 34 cases underwent vocal cord resection, 28 vertical hemilaryngectomy, 24 horizontal supraglottic hemilaryngectomy, 15 horizontovertical (3/4)laryngectomy, 29 subtotal laryngectomy, 6 total laryngectomy with cricopharyngeal anastomosis.Tissue defects were repaired by use of cervical myocutaneous flap in patients of T3-4 tumor stage. After operation, a special pneumatoeeles was attached on the tracheal cannula when eating.Results All patients had their phonation restored in a week. 92 cases were decannulated. 45 cases had cough and then were improved after respiration training and one case was in failure. No death occurred in the perioperative period. The survival rates were 78.7% at 3 years and 68.5% at 5 years.Conclusions Laryngectomy with reservation of laryngeal function is feasible in senile patients aged 70 years and over under conditions of correct indication, right choice of operation and thoroughly care during perioperative.

According to the correlative analyses on Chinese medicine essence, dosage forms and quality control level, it expounds the precise concept of Chinese medicine, and its quality advantages and characteristics in this paper, furthermore discusses how to achieve the ideal drugs and Chinese medicine quality precision in expectation. Base on the Chinese medicine essence, using the concept of nature medicine and its drug system to construct Chinese medicine effective material basis and its drugs, with the correlative analyses of whole view and reductionism, the problems of uncertainty quality of original natural medicinal resources and preparations may well be solved, and further with the macroscopic to microcosmic construction of drug system, the precision in expectations of Chinese medicine quality and higher production lever may well be achieved.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; standards ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Precision Medicine ; Quality Control

Objective To probe into the current services and outcomes of township hospitals following their transformation, and their future positioning of functionality. Methods Pinpointing townships A, B and C as samples from a district in Beijing, in which field surveys were made in the township hospitals to learn their services, service provision methods and outcomes. Results Among the current services provided by these three hospitals, those of public health and primary healthcare nature in hospital A account for 50% each; those in hospital B account for 70% and 30% respectively; those in hospital C account for 60% and 40% respectively. Recommendable services provided in these hospitals include universal coverage of medical files, management of infectious diseases, public health emergency management, and immunization. Conclusion Township hospitals as the center of the 3-tier rural health service network, deserve a repositioning of their functionality to fit the health needs of residents at large.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between apoE gene polymorphisms and gallstone. Methods We included all the published studies on the association between apoE gene polymorphisms and gall-stone. A meta-analysis was employed to summarize all these studies, calculate the pooled OR and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) , and test the overall effects. The Egger's publication bias analysis and sensitivity analysis were carried out to evaluate the reliability and stability of the meta-analysis. Results Eleven association studies between the apoE gene polymorphisms and gallstone fulfilled our inclusion criteria. There were 1248 patients with gallstones and 1660 controls. Remarkable heterogeneities were discovered in the allele ε4 and genotype E3/E4 of apoE between gallstone and control subjects in these studies (P<0. 05). Their ORs and 95%CIs were 1.32 (1.01, 1. 71), 1. 60 (1. 04, 2. 46), respectively (P<0. 05). The results of sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis showed the reliability and stability of this meta-analysis. Conclusion apoE gene polymorphisms are associated with gallstone. Those with the alleleε4 or genotype E3 /E4 had a higher risk of suffering from gallstone.

Objective To investigate the curative effect of RevoLix 2 micron continuous wave laser va-poresection for treatment of elderly and high risk benign prostatic hyperplasia patients. Methods Clinical data of 36 benign prostatic hyperplasia patients with medical complications aging 70 -82 years were retro-spectively analyzed. Operations were done after their complications were controlled. The RevoLix 2 μm laser system with output power of 70 W was used, and normal saline was used as rinse solution. Operations were started after positions of seminal colliculns and distances to neck of bladder were confirmed. Results Oper-ation time varied from 65 to 135 rain with a mean time of (83.6±10. 6) rain. Occasional venous hemor-rhage occurred during operation but no arterial hemorrhage was observed. No blood transfusion necessitated and no TURP syndrome was observed. Catheter was removed 2-4 days after operation. All the patients could urinate freely. No urinary incontinence was found during follow-up except 2 patients with temporary urinary incontinence. A 3-6 months follow-up showed that IPSS decreased from 24. 26 ±2. 70 to 8.47±4. 32, QOL dropped from 4. 51±0. 56 to 1.34 ± 0. 53, and Qmax increased from (6. 37 ± 1.31) mL/s to (17.24± 2. 32) mL/s. Conclusions RevoLix 2 micron continuous wave laser vaporesection is a safe and effective method with less trauma and fast recovery for treating elderly and high risk benign prostatic hyperplasia pa-tients.