In order to do medical educational research better in our country,we analyzed the Department of Medical Education in the University of Illinois and the Center of Medical Education and Ethics in the University of Washington,and besides we suggested some advice for improving our medical educational research level.

Objective:To establish a rapid analysis method for determining the content of ephedrine in Biyan sprays. Methods:The FT-NIR spectra of the samples were collected by near-infrared liquid transmission spectroscopy. Using the HPLC analysis values as the reference, a quantitative analysis model for ephedrine was established with partial least square ( PLS) , the first derivative and Nor-ris smooth was used in the spectra pretreatment, and 6 136. 38-5 364. 99 cm-1 and 7 038. 90-6 969. 48 cm-1 were selected as the fre-quency ranges. Results:R2 and RMSEC of the calibration set was 0. 992 6 and 1. 20, respectively. R2 and RMSEP of the vallidation set was 0. 993 5 and 1. 28, respectively. R2 and RMSEP of the cross validation set was 0. 986 9 and 1. 60, respectively. Conclusion:The method is rapid and non-desturctive, and can be applied in the rapid assessment and online examination of the quality of Biyan sprays.

Objective: To explore the effect of immune reaction induced by alginate on parotid acinar cells in vitro. Methods: Rabbits were immunized from the conjugated alginate- BSA (1.0 mg/kg) by 40-days routine immunity method. ELJSA method was used to examine the titration (valence) of anti-alginate serum. Five groups (group A: contrast, group B: BSA, group C; alginate, group D: anti-alginate serum, group E; alginate + anti-alginate serum) were examined by MTT method at four time points( 1, 6,12 and 24 h). The growth and morphology of parotid acinar cells were observed under inverted phase contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope. Results: Antibody-serum was acquired by routine immunity method, and the titration (valence) of anti-alginate serum was 1: 400. MTT results showed that the proliferation of parotid acinar cells had been limited at 24 h( P <0.05), the other three time points showed no difference. Under inverted phase contrast microscope, a few of acinar cells whose membranes were destroyed after 12 h, some cell contents leaked out. The holes in membrane could be seen early at 6h under scanning electron microscope. Most of the acinar cells were broken at 24 h. Conclusion: The antibody-serum to alginate and immunized rabbit was acquired by routine immunity method. The immune reaction induced by alginate can destroy parotid acinar cells in vitro.

Objective To summarize the strategies for nursing of skin flaps after 72 hours' transplantation of femoral skin flap for repairing soft tissue defect in lower extremity.Method One hundred and sixty trauma patients with lower extremity soft tissue defect underwent transplantation of femoral skin flap for repairing.The skin flaps were nursed within 72h after transplantation.Results The skins flaps in 160 patients receiving to repair tissue defect of lower limbs all survived.Within 72 hours after operation, 12 patients suffered from vascular crisis, which were cured after pertinent treatment.Conclusions For the patients receiving to repair tissue defect, the skin flaps should be carefully nursed. Meanwhile, preoperative psychological nursing, postoperative pain nursing and health education are critical for the survival of skin flaps.

Objective]To observe the clinical effect of Yinlai Decoction Addition and Subtraction on treating Pediatric Cold about lung-stomach heat retention syndrome.[Method]This study adopted the research design method of case series reports, continuously included 40 Pediatric Cold children with lung-stomach heat retention syndrome treated by Yinlai Decoction Addition and Subtraction from November 2011 to December 2012. Through clinical visiting, we could assess the treatment outcome of this time on the basis of evaluation standard. [Results]33 patients were cured, 5 patients turned better and 5 patients had no effect, the total effective rate was 95.00%. [Conclusion]Yinlai Decoction had clearing and dispersing function, it could treat lung and stomach simultaneously, therefore, it had obvious efficacy in Pediatric Cold about lung-stomach heat retention syndrome.

Objective To analyze the nucleotide sequences of novel allele HLA-B*4608. Methods Genomic DNA of the proband was extracted from whole blood by the commercial DNA extraction kit. The HLA-B exons 1-8 of the proband was amplified and the amplified product was cloned by TOPO TA cloning sequencing kit to split the two alleles apart. Both strands of exons 2, 3 and 4 of chosen colonies were sequenced. Results The sequencing results showed HLA-B alleles of the proband as B*5502 and a new allele as proved by blast search. The sequences of the novel allele have been submitted to Genbank(DQ177521,DQ177522,DQ177523). The new allele is similar to HLA-B*4601 except for two nucleotide substitutions in exon 3: T to C at nucleotide position 538 and G to T at nucleotide position 539. These result in an amino acid substitution at codon 156 from W to L. Conclusion This allele is a novel allele and has been officially named B*4608 by the WHO Nomenclature Committee.

[Objective]To investigate the anti-proliferative effects of CEP on HCT116 cells and in mouse xenograft model. [Methods]The in vivo anti-cancer activity of CEP was determined with Xenogen bioluminescence imaging in a xenograft tumor model. The cel-based multiple signaling pathway reporter assays were carried out to determine the effects of CEP on these pathways. [Results] CEP inhibited growth of human cancer cells, the IC 50 was 0.8~11.5 μM. CEP induced cellcycle arrest in S and G2/M phase. CEP also inhibited xenograft tumor growth in athymic nude mice bearing HCT116 cells. The xenograft tumor size was significantly reduced upon the treatment with CEP(10 or 20 mg·kg-1 body weight) for up to 3 weeks. Pathway-spe-cific reporter assays indicated that CEP effectively suppressed the NF-κB and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. [Conclusions] Our results suggest that the anticancer activity of CEP in colon cancer cells may be mediated through targeting NF-κB and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways.

Objective: To observe the effect of auricular needling on abilities of learning and memory as well as expression of NMDAR1 in rats with vascular dementia(VD).Methods:VD rat model was established by blocking 4-vessel.The immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the changes of NMDAR1 expression,the Y-type maze test was used to measure the abilities of learning and memory.Results:There were slight expression of NMDAR1cells in the brain tissue of normal group.Compared with the normal group,the expression of NMDAR1 positive cells in model group were significantly enhanced,but the average optical density is obvious reduced(P

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of combined with aripiprazole to improve hyper-prolactinemia caused by antipsychotic drugs.Methods 70 patients with schizophrenia who had been treated with antipsychotic drugs for 4 weeks prior to the study were divided into the two groups by random number table method:the treatment group(35 cases)were given each additionally 2.5 mg of aripiprazole oral,one time every day.The con-trol group (35 cases)continued with no extra management.The treatment group on the basis of the original drug administered daily in combination with aripiprazole 2.5mg,the control group maintained the previous drug treatment. Serum prolactin concentrations were assayed in patients of both groups before treatment and after 4 weeks treatment. At the same time,used the positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS)to assess the state of the clinical symptoms. The side effects were evaluated by Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale(TESS).Results After combined with aripi-prazole,it demonstrated that serum prolactin level in patients of the treatment group were significantly lowered [(78.64 ±30.15)μg/L vs (35.01 ±13.99)μg/L,t=9.585,P<0.05],while those in patients of the control group had no change[(80.34 ±46.08)μg/L vs (79.94 ±43.84)μg/L,t=0.084,P>0.05].There were no significant differences between the two groups of PANSS and TESS scores(all P>0.05 ).Conclusion Combined with aripi-prazole for antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia have a therapeutic effect and relatively safe.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of IAA/HRP on the proliferation and apoptosis of human SACC-83 cells in vitro,and its molecular mechanism. METHOD: The rate of proliferation inhibition was determined by CCK-8 assay, the apoptosis-related gene Caspase-3 and Livinα mRNA and protein expression levels were measured by real-time PCR and Western blot. RESULT: IAA/HRP could inhibit proliferation of SACC-83, which depending on the time and dosage (P < 0.05); can-up-regulate the Caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression levels and reduction of the mRNA and protein of the Livina expression, (both P < 0.05). CONCLUSION IAA/HRP can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of SACC-83 cells, which may due to its regulation of the expression of Caspase-3 and Livinα mRNA expression.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Indoleacetic Acids ; pharmacology ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism