Objective To investigate the situation of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the distribution of HPV genotypes among women attending hospital in Meizhou,Guangdong province.Methods Flow-through hybridization and gene chip technique was used to detect HPV in cervical exfoliated cell specimens collected from 24 450 women for HPV screening in Department of Gynecology,Meizhou People's Hospital,Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University,and then the situation of HPV infection and distribution of HPV genotypes were analyzed.Results Among 24 450 female exfoliated cell specimens,3 922 were found to be positive for HPV infection,with the total infection rate of 16.04％.Among 3 922 samples,the top three high-risk subtypes of HPV were HPV-16 (30.37％),HPV-52 (17.77％) and HPV-58 (15.53％),the majority of low-risk HPV was HPV-CP8304 (5.61％).The positivity of various HPV types peaked among 30-50 years old.The differences of the HPV positive rates in different age groups was statistical significance (P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions The majority of women attending hospital detected with HPV-16 in Meizhou and the positivity of various HPV types peaked among women aged 30-50 years.Genotyping of HPV was meaningful for preventing and treating cervical cancer.

Objective:A case-control association analysis was performed to investigate if the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of N-cadherin(CDH2) gene is implicated in schizophrenia in a Han Chinese population.Methods:A total of 528 patients with paranoid schizophrenia and 528 healthy controls were recruited from northern Henan province to analyze 25 SNPs located in CDH2 gene.The clinical symptoms of 267 first-episode schizophrenia patients were evaluated with positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), and the correlation between CDH2 gene and clinical symptoms was analyzed by SNPStats software online.Results:Allele frequencies of rs9951577 and rs1231268 were significantly correlated with schizophrenia( P<0.05), genotype frequency of rs1639387 was significantly correlated with schizophrenia( P=0.044). After gender classification, SNPs rs1789470 and rs28365328 were found to be significantly correlated with schizophrenia in female patients ( P=0.044, 0.019). In addition, the study found that CDH2 was correlated with the clinical characteristics of schizophrenia( P<0.05), and the negative factor score of patients between GG type rs1231268 and the other two genotypes (AG+ AA) ((21.12±8.41) vs (18.87±7.52)) was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:CDH2 gene may be one of the susceptibility genes to SZ, and has definite correlation with clinical negative symptoms.

Objective To investigate the expression of histone deacetylase(HDAC)isoforms in the frontal lobe,hippo-campus and liver of offspring rats delivered by rats with maternal immune activation and their correlation with the efficiency of prepulse inhibition(PPI％).Methods Ten pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the model group(n=5)and control group(n=5).The rats in the model group were injected with 10 mg·kg-1 polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid(Poly I:C)via the caudal vein on the 9th day of pregnancy,while rats in the control group were given the same volume of sterile physiological saline.After 3 h,blood was collected from the caudal vein,and the levels of interleukin(IL)-1 β,IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the plasma of pregnant rats were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to evaluate the immune activation status.The pregnant rats in the two groups were fed until natural delivery,the offspring rats were weaned on the 21st day after birth,and the male offspring rats were fed continuously.A prepulse inhibition test was performed at puberty(the 40th day after birth)to evaluate the spatial recognition memory and sensory gating function of the offspring rats.The expression levels of the HDAC gene family in the hippocampus,frontal lobe and liver of offspring rats were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results The plasma IL-6,IL-1 β and TNF-α levels in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).When the prepulse stimulation was 75 dB,the PPI％of the offspring rats at puberty in the model group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).When the prepulse stimulation was 80 and 85 dB,there was no significant difference in PPI％between the model group and the control group(P＞0.05).In the frontal lobe,the expression levels of HDAC3,HDAC4,HDAC8,HDAC9,HDAC10 and Sirt mRNA in the offspring rats in the model group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05),while the expression level of HDAC5 mRNA was significantly higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05);there were no significant differences in the expression levels of HDAC1,HDAC2,HDAC6,HDAC7 and HDAC11 mRNA between the model group and the control group(P＞0.05).In the hippocampus,the offspring rats in the model group had significantly lower expression levels of HDAC1,HDAC8 and HDAC10 mRNA and significantly higher expression levels of HDAC2 and HDAC5 mRNA than those in the control group(P＜0.05);there were no significant differences in the expression levels of HDAC3,HDAC4,HDAC6,HDAC7,HDAC9,HDAC11 and Sirt mRNA between the model group and control group(P＞0.05).In the liver tissue,the expression levels of HDAC6 and HDAC10 mRNA of the offspring rats in the model group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05);there were no significant differences in the expression levels of HDAC1,HDAC2,HDAC3,HDAC4,HDAC5,HDAC7,HDAC8,HDAC9,HDAC11 and Sirt mRNA between the model group and the control group(P＞0.05).The expression level of HDAC2 mRNA in the hippocampus of offspring rats in the two groups was negatively correlated with PPI％at 75 dB(r=-0.965,P＜0.05),the expression levels of HDAC10 and Sirt mRNA in frontal lobe tissues were positively correlated with PPI％at 75dB(r=0.946,0.925;P＜0.05).Conclusion Pregnancy Poly I:C infection has significant effects on the expression of HDAC family proteins in offspring rats,and which is related to the impairment of early sensory gating,this may provide new ideas for the research in pathogenesis and drug treatment of schizophrenia.

Objective To explore the correlation between functional striatal abnormalities(FSA)scores and symptoms and cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia.Methods A total of 92 patients with schizophrenia admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from July 2021 to February 2022 were selected as the research subjects,15 patients were excluded due to excessive interference with head movement during image data analysis,and 77 patients were finally included in the statistical analysis.The cognitive function of the patients before treatment and after 8 weeks of treatment was evaluated through a set of cognitive function tests.The severity of symptoms before treatment and after 8 weeks of treatment was evaluated according to the positive and negative symptom scale(PANSS).The patients were divided into the ineffective group(PANSS＜50％,n=33)and the effective group(PANSS ≥ 50％,n=44)according to the PANSS reduction rate.Before treatment and 8 weeks after treatment,the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed,and FSA scores were calculated.Results There was no significant difference in FSA scores of patients between the effective group and the ineffective group before treatment(P＞0.05).After 8 weeks of treatment,the FSA scores of patients in the two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment(P＜0.05).After 8 weeks of treatment,there was no significant difference in FSA scores of patients between the effective group and the ineffective group(P＞0.05).Before treatment and after 8 weeks of treatment,there was no significant correlation between the FSA scores and the total PANSS scores,positive factor scores,negative factor scores and pathological factor scores in the two groups(P＞0.05).There was no significant corre-lation between the pre-treatment FSA scores and the differences in positive factor scores,negative factor scores and pathological factor scores before and after treatment in both groups(P＞0.05).In the effective group,the FSA score was significantly nega-tively correlated with the spatial span score(P＜0.05)and significantly positively correlated with the category fluency score(P＜0.05)before treatment;however,there was no significant correlation between the pre-treatment FSA score and the scores of trail making,symbol coding,word learning,maze solving,visuospatial memory,2-digit continuous performance,3-digit continuous performance and 4-digit continuous performance(P＞0.05).In the ineffective group,there was a significant negative correlation between the pre-treatment FSA score and the spatial span and 4-digit continuous performance scores(P＜0.05),while there was no significant correlation between the pre-treatment FSA score and the scores of trail making,symbol coding,word learning,maze solving,visuospatial memory,category fluency,2-digit continuous performance and 3-digit continuous performance(P＞0.05).There was no significant correlation between the FSA score and cognitive function scores after treat-ment in the effective group(P＞0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between the FSA score and the trail making score after treatment in the ineffective group(P＜0.05),but there was no significant correlation between the FSA score and the scores of symbol coding,word learning,spatial span,maze solving,visuospatial memory,category fluency,2-digit continuous performance,3-digit continuous performance and 4-digit continuous performance(P＞0.05).Conclusion FSA scores in patients with schizophrenia increase significantly after treatment.FSA scores may not be related to the severity of symptoms or treatment response,but are correlated with the cognitive function of information processing speed.